We report a case of 41-year-old male with pulmonary metastasis from a recurrent intracranial malignant meningioma, which had two more recurrence, multiple intracranial metastasis. Pulmonary metastasis was developed five years after resection of primary lesion. The metastatic routes and treatment of pulmonary metastatic malignant meningiomas were described.
Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Meningioma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Recurrence

Although technological advances and clinical studies on stem cells have been increasingly reported in stroke, research targeting hemorrhagic stroke is still lacking compared to that targeting ischemic stroke. Studies on hemorrhagic stroke are also being conducted, mainly in the USA and China. However, little research has been conducted in Korea. In reality, stem cell research or treatment is unfamiliar to many domestic neurosurgeons. Nevertheless, given the increased interest in regenerative medicine and the increase of life expectancy, attention should be paid to this topic. In this paper, we summarized pre-clinical rodent studies and clinical trials using stem cells for hemorrhagic stroke. In addition, we discussed results of domestic investigations and future perspectives on stem cell research for a better understanding.

OBJECT: The surgical management of patients with intracranial aneurysm continues to be controversial, but the best results of treating an aneurysm can be achieved with treating it before it ruptures. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the surgical risk of treating unruptured intracranial aneurysms. METHODS: Between January 2000 to December 2007, 46 unruptured intracranial aneurysms were treated with aneurismal neck clipping. The clinical outcome was retrospectively evaluated according to the Glasgow Outcome Scale about one month after surgery. RESULTS: The patients consisted of 24 females and 22 males. The mean age was 56.6 years (range: 37-80). For the aneurysm location, 27 (58.8%) were at the middle cerebral artery, 10 (21.7%) were at the anterior communicating artery, three (6.5%) were at the posterior communication artery, two (4.3%) were at the internal carotid artery, two (4.3%) were at the anterior choroidal artery, one (2.2%) was at the anterior cerebral artery and one (2.2%) was at the vertebral artery. The size of the aneurysm was below 5mm for 6 patients (13%), 6 to 10mm for 30 patients (65.2%), 11 to 25mm for 9 patients (19.6%) and > or =25mm for 1 patient (2.2%). The clinical outcome was good for 39 patients (84.8%), moderate disability was noted for 5 patients (10.9%) and severe disability was noted for 2 patients (4.3%). CONCLUSION: In this study, the morbidity and mortality rates were favorable compared with those of the previous reports. Our results suggest that aneurysms associated with a ruptured lesion or those larger than 10mm could be considered for treatment. These results will be very helpful to determine whether or not to proceed with surgery.
Aneurysm ; Anterior Cerebral Artery ; Arteries ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Choroid ; Female ; Glasgow Outcome Scale ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Male ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Vertebral Artery

OBJECTIVE: A self-expanding retrievable intracranial stent, such as Solitaire AB, is useful for mechanical thrombectomy, producing novel results in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. On the other hand, difficult situations can arise after a thrombectomy when using as in first-line treatment. METHODS: This was a retrospective, single-center study of 23 patients with an acute ischemic stroke attributable to a large artery occlusion within the first eight hours from symptom onset. The occlusion sites were the T segment in five patients, proximal middle cerebral artery in six patients, distal middle cerebral artery in three patients, vertebral and/or basilar artery in five patients, proximal internal cerebral artery in one patient and tandem in three patients. All patients underwent a mechanical thrombectomy using the Solitaire(TM) stent system as the first-line treatment but required additional procedures due to the unsatisfactory results of a thrombectomy. RESULTS: Only six patients achieved complete recanalization by a thrombectomy using the Solitaire. Permanent stent deployment after the thrombectomy was performed in ten patients. Stent and balloon angioplasty was performed after a stent-based thrombectomy in six patients. Balloon angioplasty after thrombectomy was performed in one patient. CONCLUSION: Mechanical thrombectomy with the Solitaire(TM) stent as a first-line treatment can produce unfortunate results that will require additional procedures.
Angioplasty, Balloon ; Arteries ; Atherosclerosis ; Basilar Artery ; Cerebral Arteries ; Hand ; Humans ; Middle Cerebral Artery ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; Stroke ; Thrombectomy

This is a report on the sudden onset of the Brown-Se`quard Syndrome on a patient following extradural cervical disc herniation. Earlier diagnosis and prompt surgical decompression in the lateral cord syndrome yielded a good outcome.
Decompression, Surgical ; Humans ; Spinal Cord Diseases

Intracranial arachnoid cysts are uncommon congenital lesions of considerable interest and importance, the origins and exact nature of which remain uncertain. They account for about 1% of all intracranial space-occupying lesions4). Its predilection sites are in the sylvian fissure, the interhemispheral fissure, the cerebral convexity, the base of the brain, and over the midline of the cerebellum in the posterior fossa6)11). We are reporting a case of arachnoid cyst, developed in the left sylvian fissure in a ten years old male patient.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoid Cysts* ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Humans ; Male

A case of sudden paraplegia as the first symptom of a ruptured internal carotid artery bifurcation aneurysm is reported. Sudden appearance of paraparesis or paraplegia is an exceptional event in patients with intracranial aneurysms. The various pathogenic mechanisms are briefly discussed. Insufficient blood perfusion of both paracentral areas was the cause of paraplegia in this case.
Aneurysm* ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Paraparesis ; Paraplegia ; Perfusion

Although the prediction of a delayed spinal cord injury after a low voltage electrical accident is difficult, we present a young paraplegic man who had delayed spinal cord injury after a low voltage electrical accident while working. Because the passage of an electric current is variable, the tissues far distant from the point of entry may be damaged, including the spinal cord. Low voltage itself is not a safe.
Paraplegia ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Injuries

Topographic electroencephalographic study(CME) is a newly developed method using a microcomputer system that displays the scalp topograph as the square roots of the average power spectra over each EEG frequency band on a color television screen. CME were applied to thirty patients, Fifteen patients out of them with focal neurologic deficit were analysed about CT scan and conventional EEG. The results of the study were as follows : 1) Comparing the results of CME and conventional EEG reading, CME revealed to be slightly more sensitive in detecting asymmetrical depression of background activity than the conventional reading of the EEG. 2) Topograph EEG study was more accurate than conventional EEG in lateralization of the lesion. 3) CME is very useful in topographic and objective diagnosis of functional lesion, although the source of the data is the same as that from the conventional EEG.
Depression ; Diagnosis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Microcomputers ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Scalp ; Television ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) was produced in adult cats by injection of autologous blood(6ml) into prepontine cistern by tranclival approach and cisterna magna. The animals were sacrificed 1, 3, 5, 7 or 14 days later and basilar artery segments were prepared for electron microscopy. The following observations were made: 1) 1 to 7 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed round-shaped endothelial cells in tunica intima and disappearance of zonular occludens. Endothelial detachment from internal elastic membrane and intracytoplasmic vacuolation of endothelial cells as well as destruction of mitochondrial cirstae in tunica media. 2) 14 days after SAH, electron micrograph showed the normal findings in tunica intima and tunica media of the vessel walls. On the basis of the above findings, I found that the ultrastructural changes in the basilar arterial wall, which had presumably developed as a consequence of experimental SAH were reversible.
Adult ; Animals ; Basilar Artery* ; Cats ; Cisterna Magna ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Membranes ; Microscopy, Electron ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage* ; Tunica Intima ; Tunica Media