Recently, we found that the Korean traditional medicine could enhance the expression of some cytokine in murine bone marrow cell culture. To understand the mode of actions of the traditional medicine, we examined the pattern of protein phosphorylation in bone marrow cells treated with Korean traditional medicine. When bone marrow cells were treated with Korean traditional medicine, the phosphorylation of p45, p50, p84/p91 kinase was observed, and gene expression of TPO and SCF was related to p45 and p91. It had been reported that TPO, SCF, IL-3 and GM-CSF gene expression transmits signal through the JAK-STAT pathway. Molecular involvement of JAK-STAT in signal induced by Korean traditional medicine was analyzed by anti-JAK and anti-STAT-1 Ab. To analyze the transcriptional factor that promotes the cytokine gene expression by the stirnulation of Korean traditional medicine, GAS and NF-B binding activity was analyzed by EMSA. We found the increase in NF-B at SMT and BHT. Therefore, we conclude that the cytokine gene expression induced by Korean traditional medicine was mediated by the JAK-STAT pathway and by the combination of GAS and NF-kB.
Bone Marrow Cells ; Butylated Hydroxytoluene ; Gene Expression ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor ; Hematopoiesis* ; Interleukin-3 ; Medicine, Korean Traditional* ; Medicine, Traditional ; NF-kappa B ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases ; Signal Transduction

The Korean traditional medicinal (KTM) herbs such as Angelicae gigantis, Rehmannia glutinosa, Paeoniae lactiflora, Cnidii officinale, Salviae miltiorrhizae, and Millettia reticulata, and prescribed formula Samultang, and Bohyultang improve the function of the hematopoietic system and nourishing the body to promote health. However, there are limited scientific background on the mode of action of these medicine. To understand the diverse actions following traditional medicine stimulation, we determined the production of hematopoietic cytokine, thrombopoietin, stem cell factor, and interleukin-3 (IL-3) in KlM treated bone marrow cells. When bone marrow cells were treated with KTM, the expression of hematopoietic cytokine were increased in RT-PCR and ELISA analysis. Furthermore, when the bone marrow cells were separated into adherent celis and suspension cells and were treated with KTM, we found the increase of TPO gene expressions in suspension cells. Meanwhile, other hematopoietic cytokine gene expression in bone marrow cells was higher as whole than when adherent cells and suspension cells was separated. Therefore, we could know the interaction of two cells that increases the cytokine expression. These results suggest that KTM has hematopoietic effects through increasing the production of cytokine.
Angelica ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Gene Expression ; Hematopoiesis* ; Hematopoietic System ; Interleukin-3 ; Medicine, Korean Traditional* ; Medicine, Traditional ; Millettia ; Paeonia ; Rehmannia ; Salvia ; Stem Cell Factor ; Thrombopoietin

No abstract available.

There is considerable experimental evidence to indicate that tumor growth is dependent on angiogenesis. However, we do not understand how the angiogenic activity is initiated by a given tumor. There is a clear distinction between a stage without neovascularization, which correlates with a paucity of metastases, and a stage in which increasing neovascularization correlates with a rising rate of metastasis. The authors therefore asked whether the extent of angiogenesis in human prostatic carcinoma is correlated with the tumor grades or some growth factors. To investigate how tumor angiogenesis correlates with tumor aggressiveness, the authors counted microvessels within the various grades of invasive prostatic carcinomas of 44 patients and the nodular hyperplasias of 10 patients. Highlighting of the vessels by immunohistochemical staining for factor VIII-related antigen and assessment of the tumor aggressiveness by the degree of expression of some growth factors(transforming growth factor-alpha, and beta, epidermal growth factor), tumor necrosis factor-alpha and tumor grading(Gleason's score) were done. As a result, both microvessel counts and the expression of growth factors and tumor necrosis factor correlated with tumor grades. In conclusion, the number of microvessels per 200 X fields in the areas of most intense neovascularization in a prostatic carcinoma may be a predictor of the patient's prognosis. Therefore, assessment of tumor angiogenesis may prove valuable in selecting patients with prostatic carcinoma, especially small needle biopsy, for aggressive therapy.
Humans ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

No abstract available.
Audiometry, Evoked Response* ; Brain Stem* ; Humans

31 cases of the trochanteric fractures were treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chosun University Hospital, from Jan. 1975 to Dec. 1978 and the following results were obtained. 1. The sex ratio was 3:2 (male to female). 18 cases were in man, with the peak age at the 4th decade and 5th decade and 13 cases were in woman over the 6th decade. 2. The most common causes of the trochanteric fractures were traffic accident or fall in man and slipping in woman. 3. The features of the trochanteric fractures were mostly unstable type (60%) and 16 cases in the right hip (52%) and 15 cases in the left hip (48%). 4. Dimon-Hughston method and Wayne-Country method were used to the unstable fractures and anatomical reduction to the stable fracture was maintained by inserting the S-P nail, Jewett nail and Mclaughlin nail. 5. Post-operative cast immobilization was applled until clinical union was oftained on the fracture site and early weight bearlng was carried out for the acceleration of the bony union. 6. Complications were found in 50% of the group treated by conservative method, while it occurred in 21.7% of the group treated surgically.
Acceleration ; Accidents, Traffic ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Femur ; Hip ; Hip Fractures ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Sex Ratio

BACKGROUND: Mycobacterial culture is a confirmatory test to detect M.tuberculosis, but it takes at least 6 weeks to diagnose. PCR is a rapid and sensitive method, but it is known that PCR has a high false positive rate due to contamination, and a high false negative rate due to inhibitors. It is also known that LCR and PCR-Hybridization, recently developed methods, are more specific methods than PCR in terms of detection M.tuberculosis. In this study, we estimated the clinical utility of in house PCR, LCR and PCR-Hybridization for the detection of M.tuberculosis. METHODS: We evaluated 75 specimens, upon which M.tuberculosis culture based testing was requested, by PCR LCR, and PCR-Hybridization and compared results. Mycobacterial culture was performed on 3% Ogawa media for 8 weeks, and an in house PCR, LCx Mycobacterium tuberculosis assay kit(Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, III) and the AMPLICOR M.tuberculosis test kit(Roche Molecular Systems, Inc. Branchburg, NJ, USA). RESULTS: In the view of the culture results, the sensitivities of the three tests were 40%, 80%, and 100% and their specificities were 98.6%, 94.3%, and 94.3%. CONCLUSION: LCR and PCR-Hybridization and rapid and sensitive methods for detecting M.tuberculosis in clinical laboratories.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Tuberculosis*

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Retention*

Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein normally expressed in mesenchymal cells, but the evidence of the aberrant expression of vimentin in epithelial cancer cells suggests that the vimentin expression might be related to local invasiveness and metastatic potential. There have been a few previous studies on the vimentin expression in human cervical carcinogenesis using in vivo and in vitro models. We examined the immunohistochemical vimentin expression in various squamous epithelial neoplasms of the uterine cervix, including the cervical intraepithelial neoplasia group (n=25), the microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma group (n=15), the invasive squamous cell carcinoma group (n=15) and the metastatic squamous cell carcinoma group (n=8). Vimentin positivity was significantly higher in the invasive than in the intraepithelial group, and in the cases with lymph node metastasis than in those without metastasis, suggesting a relationship between the vimentin expression and progression of the uterine cervical epithelial tumors.
Carcinogenesis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Humans ; Intermediate Filaments ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial* ; Vimentin*