No abstract available.
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells* ; Transplantation, Heterologous*

BACKGROUND: In anemic patients, it has been usually traditional practice to correct the anemic state with preoperative blood transfusion. But now, there is an increasing tendency of refusing blood transfusion due to the transfusional complications, especially AIDS etc. The purpose of this study is to survey the effects of anesthesia in anemic patients with normal cardiopulmonary function compared to non-anemics. METHOD: 40 patients with uterine myoma were divided into two groups, an experimental group of 20 patients with hemoglobin concentration of 8~10 gm% and a control group of 20 patients with hemoglobin concentration higher than 10 gm%, and their blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were monitored and compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups in blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation. CONCLUSION: Preoperative blood transfusion, in patients with moderate anemia, does not seem to be a mandatory practice.
Anemia ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Transfusion* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Oxygen

Oil granuloma develops mainly after injection of oil substances such as paraffin, silicone, etc, but there have been reports of oil granuloma after topical application of lipid substance to the body. A 22-year-old woman developed oil granuloma after the application of squalene on both lower eye-lids. Histopathologic findings ahowed acanthosis and dyskeratosis of the hair follicles. Lipid suketances staining with oil-red-O stain were found mainly on the hair follicles. and partly on the epidermis. We report a case of oil grinulorna caused by squalerie that may have penetrated through the hair follicles and partly through the epidermis resulting in chronic granulous changes in the dermis.
Dermis ; Epidermis ; Eyelids* ; Female ; Granuloma* ; Hair Follicle ; Humans ; Paraffin ; Silicones ; Squalene* ; Young Adult

Volkmanns ischemic contracture, despite a relatively small incidence, is one of the most devastating complications following a limb injury. The orthopedic surgeon must be equipped to recognize and effectively treat this complication. Recently the authors have managed 3 cases with V.I.C. with the following results. 1) The etiology showed CO poisoning, arterial injury, wringer injury around the elbow in each case. 2) The method of surgical treatment depended upon deformities and functional loss of individual patient. 3) The end results seemed to be proportionate to the previous deformities and functional less. 4) Early postoperative passive exercises of the digits seemed to be helpful in restoring further range of motion.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Exercise ; Extremities ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ischemic Contracture ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Poisoning ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Upper Extremity

No abstract available.
Solvents*

BACKGROUND: To investigate the effectiveness of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in treating irreparable massive rotator cuff tears (RCTs). METHODS: Twenty-nine patients who underwent RTSA for the treatment of irreparable massive RCTs and completed follow-up for at least 1 year were selected. Their mean age was 69.7 years (range, 59-80 years). The mean follow-up was 17.7 months (range, 12-42 months). The shoulder range of motion was measured preoperatively and at final follow-up. The functional result was evaluated using visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES) score, and Korean Shoulder Society (KSS) score. Additionally, the shoulders were categorized into two groups depending on prior history of surgery and the clinical outcomes were analyzed between two groups. RESULTS: Mean pain VAS improved, from 6.6+/-1.2 to 2.7+/-0.9 (p=0.001), and the mean functional VAS from 35.7+/-4.2 to 73.3+/-5.4 (p=0.006). The mean ASES score improved from 37.2+/-2.8 to 75.0+/-3.8 (p=0.012). The mean KSS improved from 36.5+/-7.2 to 75.6+/-5.4 (p=0.009), the mean forward elevation from 66.3+/-4.7 to 135.6+/-8.4 (p=0.0001), and the mean abduction from 45.2+/-4.2 to 119.0+/-6.5o (p=0.0001). Internal rotation differed significantly from the first sacral to the third lumbar vertebrae (p=0.036). External rotation did not change significantly (p=0.076). There was also no statistically significant difference between groups (no previous operation versus none). Four complications occurred: one superficial infection, one with anterior dislocation, one acromial fracture, and one clavicle fracture. CONCLUSIONS: RTSA provides reliable pain relief and recovery of shoulder function in patients with massive irreparable RCTs in short-term follow-up.
Arthroplasty* ; Clavicle ; Dislocations ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Rotator Cuff* ; Shoulder* ; Visual Analog Scale

The 5-HT2A receptor is of great interest for research into schizophrenia and psychopharmacology in light of the observation that schizophrenic patients has 5-HT cortical-subcortical imbalance and atypical antipsychotic clozpine has 5-HT2A antagonists properties. An significant association between schizophrenia and the T102C polymorphism of the gene for 5-HT2A receptor has been reported. In this study, we investigated an association between schizophrenia and the T102C polymorphism of the gene for 5-HT2A receptor in Korean schizophrenic patients. The subjects consisted of 139 schizophrenic patients and 88 normal controls. Genomic DNA was amplified by PCR and digested with MsPI. The uncutt product identified allele 1(nucleotide sequence TCT) ; digested products of 216bp and 156bp identified allele 2(nucleotide sequence TCC). The allele frequencies and the genotypic distribution of 5-HT2A receptor gene were not significantly different between schizophrenic patients and normal controls. Since allele frequencies of the T102C polymorphism may differ between individuals of different ethnic backgrounds, it needs to be conducted in an advanced research.
Alleles ; DNA ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Psychopharmacology ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A ; Schizophrenia* ; Serotonin ; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Multiple*

With the industrial development, vehicle, wars, and natural disasters, there are increasing chsnces of mass casuaities, it is very important to classify the injured patients by their severity, to give them immediate emergency care and to transfer them to the other medical facilities effectively. And it is more essential in the army. But in practice, there is no objective and comprehensive scale for injury severity yet. So we devised a method of comprehensive description for the injuredpatients. It is based on Abbreviated Injury Scale and Injury Severity Score and is composed of five parts of the body (General, Head & Neck, Chest, Abdomen, Extremities) and five degrees of severity (Grade I, Il, III, IV, V). For example, a description of a patient with multiple injuries such as generalized abrasion and cotusion, semicomatose mentality with skull fracture, hemoperitoneum, and fracture of right femoral shaft is very diffcult to understand quickly. But, with our method of description, the above is described as follows ; G(I)+(IV)+A (IV)+E(III), ISS =4+4+3 =41. And the high score is described as ISS makes it clear that the patient is very dangerous, even to death, so intensive care is immediately needed. Using this method, we reviewed 1,256 cases of passenger acidents of vehicles treated at our hospital during the last 2 years. The results were as follows ;1. The average ISS of 56 cases of dead is 33. 2. There are only 2 cases of death below 16 of ISS, and 84% mortality above 40 of ISS. 3. The average ISS of passengers in vehicles such as motocycles is 12, taxies 11, bongo 9, and buses 8. 4. We recommend our method of description for mass casualties, especially in the army. Because it is very useful to the injured patients by their severity, to give them immediate emergency care, to transfer them to the other medical facilities and to comprehend the whole condition of all patients.
Abbreviated Injury Scale ; Abdomen ; Critical Care ; Disasters ; Emergency Medical Services ; Head ; Hemoperitoneum ; Humans ; Industrial Development ; Injury Severity Score ; Mass Casualty Incidents ; Methods ; Mortality ; Motor Vehicles ; Multiple Trauma ; Neck ; Skull Fractures ; Thorax

Cervical spine injury, because of its increasing frequency and catastrophic neurological complication, has attracted many attention of every orthopedic surgeons. Moreover, the indications of surgical treatment and the indications of anterior or posterior fusion have been argued till now. Forty-one patients with cervical spine injury had been treated operatively at Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from January, 1980 to April, 1987. The surgically treated patients were followed up from 1 year to 7 years with average duration of 2.5years. We performed this study to define the advantages of the surgical treatment, the indications of the anterior and posterior fusion, the postoperative neurological changes, the importance of early reduction, and the result of surgical treatment in late instability cases and obtained the following results. 1. Flexion-rotation injury, in twenty three patients(56.0%), was the most frequent mechanism of injury. 2. Anterior decompression and fusion was performed in 8 patients(19.5%) when there were neural compression by fractured bone fragment or ruptured intervertebral disc material and rupture of anterior longitudinal ligament with hyperextension injury, without poterior ligament complex injury, and posterior fusion and wiring in 33 patients(80.5%) when there were upper cervical spine(C1, C2) injuries and posterior ligament complex injury. 3. Neurological involvements were observed in 35 patients(85.4%) on arrival, and partial and complete neurological recoveries were obtained in 20 patients(57.1%) out of 35 patients postoperatively. 4. Neurological recovery was obtained in 80% when the closed reduction was performed within 12 hours after the injury and only 40% after 12 hours. 5. Neck pain and/or neurology was improved in all 9 patients with late instability postoperatively. 6. Postoperative complication rate was totally 43.9%, but direct surgical complications were 2 cases(4.9%) out of 18 cases.
Decompression ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Ligaments ; Longitudinal Ligaments ; Neck Pain ; Neurology ; Orthopedics ; Postoperative Complications ; Rupture ; Seoul ; Spine ; Surgeons