No abstract available.
Frontal Sinus*

Real-time ultrasongraphy is a simple, accurate, noninvasive and potentially valuable means of studying gallbladder size and emptying. The authors calculated ultrasonographically the ejection fraction of 80 cases of normally functioning gallbladder on oral cholecystography, from June 1983 to April 1984, at the department of radiology, Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital. The results were obtained as follows; 1. Ultrasongraphic Ejection Fraction at 30 minutes after the fatty meal was 73.1+-16.85. 2. There was no significant difference in age and sex, statistically.
Cholecystography ; Gallbladder ; Heart ; Meals

Although the peritoneum is rare site for a primary neoplasm, certain malignant neoplasms may arise from it. A case of 63-year-old woman who had a serous papillary carcinoma of peritoneal origin is reported. Extraovarian peritoneal serous papillary carcinoma was characterized by ascites, malignant washings, and omental involvement with bulky infiltration and/or multiple tumor nodules. The symptoms caused by diffuse spreading of the neoplasm over the peritoneum are the most important manifestation for clinical diagnosis of malignant primary neoplasm of peritoneum, especially serous papillary carcinoma. This behaving tumor was at least partially responded to therapy. In this report, we describe a case of serous papillary carcinoma of peritoneum carring on proper management with brief review.
Ascites ; Carcinoma, Papillary* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Peritoneum*

OBJECTIVES: The Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) is one of the most widely used self-report instruments for the assessment of childhood depression, and it has been especially valid for epidemiological purposes. The aim of this study is to assess self-reported depressive symptoms in 5th grade students in a small city by gender, using the Korean version of the CDI. In addition, factorial analysis was performed on the 27 items of the CDI in the subjects in order to identify potential composite dimensions. METHODS: The participants were 2,293 5th grade students from elementary schools (1,148 males and 1,145 females). The initial factors were extracted by maximum likelihood factor analysis and then rotated according to promax criteria in order to achieve a simple structure. Only those items with a loading of .30 or greater were included in the identified factors. RESULTS: The mean CDI score was 13.95+/-7.11. A total of 557 (24.3%) children showed clinically significant scores of more than 19 points. There was no significant difference in mean score between the boys and girls. Factorial analysis yielded four factors: dysphoria/biological dysregulation, externalizing/self-deprecation, social problems and school problems. The factor that accounted for the highest variability was externalizing/self-depreciation in boys and dysphoria/biological dysregulation in girls. CONCLUSION: The cut-off score on the CDI in children should be considered to be higher than that in previous studies. The factorial structure for 11-year-old children in Korea seems to be similar to that of adolescents in Western countries.
Adolescent ; Child ; Depression ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Social Problems

The authors have experienced a case of double elevation paralysis with mild degree of hypophoria and exophoria in 10 year-old primary school girl. This case is congenital in origin. Transposition of the insertion of medial and lateral rectus muscle placing the new inserti ons immediately adjacent to the insertion of the superior rectus muscle was performed. After the operation, the subjective symptoms such as diplopia, dizziness, headache were improved even though this does not produce normal elevation beyond the midline level. Double elevation paralysis is caused often by unilateral supranuclear lesion than peripheral congenital lesion.
Child ; Diplopia ; Dizziness ; Exotropia ; Female ; Headache ; Humans ; Paralysis*

A clinical analysis was done for 51 eyes of 50 retinal detachment patients, who operated in the Depart of Ophthalmology, Chungnam National University Hospital during last 3 years. The results were as follows: 1) The maximum incidence of detachment in this study occurred between the ages of 51 and 60 years (30 %), and the next over the age of 61 years (22 %), that was somewhat different comparing with other reports in Korea. Men were more common than women. 2) Of all retinal breaks, the round holes were most common (47.1 %), followed by dialyses (27.5 %) and horse-shoe tears(19.6 %) before the ages of 30 years, cases with disinsertions were frequently observed with trauma 3) The over aU success rate of retinal detachment surgery was 74.5 %. There was no effect on the success rate by the shapes and numbers of the retinal breaks. The shorter the duration. the better the preoperative vision, and the samller the extents of detached area showed the better success rate. 4) The most frequent and main causes of failure were massive vitreous retraction and giant tears. 5) No complications of silicon rubber was observed in the operated eyes, such as foreign body reaction or invasion into the globe after surgery.
Chungcheongnam-do ; Dialysis ; Female ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Ophthalmology ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rubber ; Silicone Elastomers*

OBJECTIVES : Though both International Classfication of Disease (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) are currently in use for psychiatric diagnosis in practice, education, research and reimbursement of medical fees in Asian countries, there seem to be few studies about similarities and differences among them in terms of viewpoints on psychiatric classification. METHODS : A questionnaire which has been developed to investigate the views of psychiatrists on their requirements of a classification system, and their opinions on those currently in use was translated into each language and adopted as survey tool in four East Asian countries. The total number of responses obtained was 703 (Korea, n=154;Japan, n=124;China, n=192, and Taiwan, n=233) although the method of data collection varied across all 4 countries. Since the response rate varied in these countries depending upon the convenience of sampling procedures, we compared percentages of responses to each of the questions instead of conducting a statistical analysis across them. RESULTS : The comparison of surveyed data revealed diversity in the utilization, preferences and opinions for further revision of the DSM and the ICD classification systems in East Asia. Psychiatrists in China and Japan routinely used the ICD, while those in Korea and Taiwan favored the DSM. The majority of Asian psychiatrists expressed the view that reliable inter-clinician communication is considered the main purpose of a classification system. Psychiatrists seemed to prefer classifications with 30-100 diagnostic options. CONCLUSION : Though there was limitation in terms of representation due to sampling methods, East Asian psychiatrists showed different pattern on the use of DSM and ICD across countries and had negative viewpoints on current diagnostic classification systems in terms of transcultural use.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Data Collection ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Far East ; Fees, Medical ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Japan ; Korea ; Mental Disorders ; Psychiatry ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Taiwan

OBJECTIVES : Though both International Classfication of Disease (ICD) and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) are currently in use for psychiatric diagnosis in practice, education, research and reimbursement of medical fees in Asian countries, there seem to be few studies about similarities and differences among them in terms of viewpoints on psychiatric classification. METHODS : A questionnaire which has been developed to investigate the views of psychiatrists on their requirements of a classification system, and their opinions on those currently in use was translated into each language and adopted as survey tool in four East Asian countries. The total number of responses obtained was 703 (Korea, n=154;Japan, n=124;China, n=192, and Taiwan, n=233) although the method of data collection varied across all 4 countries. Since the response rate varied in these countries depending upon the convenience of sampling procedures, we compared percentages of responses to each of the questions instead of conducting a statistical analysis across them. RESULTS : The comparison of surveyed data revealed diversity in the utilization, preferences and opinions for further revision of the DSM and the ICD classification systems in East Asia. Psychiatrists in China and Japan routinely used the ICD, while those in Korea and Taiwan favored the DSM. The majority of Asian psychiatrists expressed the view that reliable inter-clinician communication is considered the main purpose of a classification system. Psychiatrists seemed to prefer classifications with 30-100 diagnostic options. CONCLUSION : Though there was limitation in terms of representation due to sampling methods, East Asian psychiatrists showed different pattern on the use of DSM and ICD across countries and had negative viewpoints on current diagnostic classification systems in terms of transcultural use.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Data Collection ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Far East ; Fees, Medical ; Humans ; International Classification of Diseases ; Japan ; Korea ; Mental Disorders ; Psychiatry ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Taiwan

OBJECTIVE: A considerable proportion of suicide attempts are the result of sudden desires. Understanding such impulsive suicide attempts is necessary for effective interventions. We evaluated the impulsivity of suicide attempters treated in emergency rooms. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of impulsive suicide attempts by comparing these individuals to those who attempted to commit suicide in a non-impulsive manner. METHODS: This study analyzed suicide attempters who visited the emergency departments of seven selected university hospitals. A total of 269 medical records in which impulsivity of suicide attempt were confirmed were subject to be analyzed. The impulsivity of the suicide attempt was examined using a summative score of items 6 and 15 on the Suicide Intent Scale. RESULTS: A total of 48.0% of the participants were impelled by sudden inclinations to attempt suicide. Impulsive attempters were younger, unmarried and less physical illness than non-impulsive attempters, whereas no significant differences were found on psychiatric history and previous suicide history. Impulsive suicide attempters had suicide ideations that were not as severe (χ2=55.33, p<0.001) or intense (t=-8.38, p<0.001) as their counterparts'. Furthermore, medical results of impulsive suicide attempts were better than non-impulsive suicide attempts (t=-3.77, p<0.001). CONCLUSION: The results suggested that a considerable proportion of suicide attempts were the result of sudden inclinations. Impulsive attempts were made in relatively earlier stages of suicide ideation; consequently, they have less intent than non-impulsive attempts.
Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior ; Korea* ; Medical Records ; Single Person ; Suicide*

In recent years, early intervention is the paradigm in psychosis treatment. The logic of early intervention paradigm is based on the view that the earliest possible detection and intervention for psychosis will deliver the best outcome for patients. Therefore, in recent decades, most of studies focused on indentifying people with psychosis as early as possible, reducing the duration of untreated psychosis. However, while there are well documented and sometimes serious side effects associated with antipsychotic medication in the short-term, the iatrogenic risks of atypical antipsychotic medication are underscored. Furthermore, against this paradigm, the recent of longitudinal studies of schizophrenia suggest a new paradigm shift in treatment timing of psychosis. In this respect, this case which showed symptom remission after conversion into schizophrenia in early psychosis suggests wondering about the time of treatment. Similar cases have not been reported. And review of the effects of timing, in fact, has yet to be done. If similar cases would be reported in the future more, treatment timing may be the next paradigm shift in the therapeutics of early psychosis.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Humans ; Logic ; Longitudinal Studies ; Psychotic Disorders* ; Schizophrenia*