A total of 56 subjects with multiple nematode infections with T. trichiura, Ascaris, hookworms and Enterobius were treated with oxantel and pyrantel pamoate mixture in a paratable suspension(50 mg of each per ml). A single dose of 10 mg per kg body weight in each cured 100 per cent of 54 subjects with Ascaris, 97.1 per cent of 35 subjects with hookworms, 77.8 per cent of 36 with Enterobius and 73.2 per cent of 56 subjects with T. trichiura infestation. The mean egg per gram stool reduction rate in T. trichiura infection was 91.9%. Of the 31 subjects infected with Ancylostoma doudenale 96.8% were cured with a single dose and 4 infected with Necator americanus showed a 100% cure rate with a similar daily dose on 3 consecutive days. Side effects were few and mild. There was no clinical or laboratory evidence of drug toxicity. These findings show a single dose of oxantel and pyrantel pamoate mixture to be a highly effective and acceptable treatment for multiple infections with these nematodes.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Trichuris trichiura ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; hookworm ; Enterobius vermicularis ; chemotherapy-oxantel pamoate-pyrantel pamoate

PURPOSE: Side firing laser prostatectomy(VLAP) is now considered as alternative promise of transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP). This study was designed to compare VLAP to conventional TURP in the efficacy and safety. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There was no significant differences in preoperative clinical characteristics between the TURP group and VLAP group. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of VLAP, we compared the results of transurethral resection of prostate(TURP, n=115) to laser prostatectomy(VLAP, n=45) in international prostate symptom score(IPSS), maximal flow rate(Qmax), post-voiding residual urine at preoperative, after 1 month, 6 months and 12 months postoperatively. For the VLAP procedure, Nd: YAG was used. Patient was treated with 600micrometer internal reflector fiber covered by crystal glass cadding(SideTrackTM). RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference in the results between TURP group and VLAP group. TURP group; IPSS of preoperative, after 1 month, 6 months, 12 months was 23.8, 9.0, 9.1, 9.0 and Qmax was 7.8ml/s, 17.0ml/s, 17.1ml/s, 17.6ml/s and residual urine was 159.3ml, 52.7ml, 40.0ml, 34.6ml. VLAP group; IPSS of preoperative, after 1 month, 6 months, 12 months was 22.8, 9.7, 9.8, 9.3 and Qmax was 8.1ml/s, 16.0ml/s, 16.7ml/s, 17.1ml/s and residual urine was 135.7ml, 46.8ml, 34.5ml, 28.1ml. Postoperative period of catheter indwelling and hospitalization was shorter in VLAP group than TURP group(3.7+/-2.0 days vs 5.3+/-1.9 days, 4.5+/-1.6 days vs 6.8+/-3.5 days). CONCLUSIONS: VLAP has no siginificant complications such as postoperative bleeding, TURP syndrome. VLAP would be recommended as following: 1) prostate weight is smaller, 2) physical status is poor, 3) anticoagulant treatment, 4) when patient wants more safe treatment. We had a good results by means of VLAP. The good results come from the use of internal reflecting type laser fiber. These results suggest that VLAP is considered the most promising alternative to TURP.
Catheters ; Fires* ; Glass ; Hemorrhage ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Postoperative Period ; Prostate* ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate

PURPOSE: This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the value of adminstration of IV gadopentetate dimeglumine for MR imaging of tuberculous spondylitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors reviewed MR images both with and without contrast enhancement of 22 patients with tuberculous spondylitis. Evaluation of signal characteristics, enhancement patterns, and difference of delineation between pre- and postcontrast enhancement was made on 4 compartments the vertebral body, intervertebral disc, paravertebral space, and extradural space. RESULTS: The spinal tuberculous lesions revealed relatively low or isosignal intensity on T1-weighted image and high signal intensity on T2-weighted image. The tuberculous lesions of vertebral body showed enhancement of mixed pattern, and rim enhancement pattern was predominant in the other 3 compartment, suggesting abscess. The contrast enhanced MR image showed better demarcation of the extents of tuberculous lesions comparing with noncontrast image, especially at the vertebral body and intervertebral disc. The nature of tuberculous involvement was better visualized at the extradural space and paravertebral space on postcontrast image. CONCLUSION: We conclude Gd-DTPA enhanced MR image can give informations for more detailed delineation, extents, and nature of involvement in the tuberculous spondylitis.
Abscess ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylitis*

PURPOSE: We evaluated the long-term outcome of the Gittes procedure for treatment of stress urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 women had Gittes bladder neck suspension carried out for the treatment of anatomic stress urinary incontinence. Long term (mean 51.4 months) results were evaluated using a questionnaire. RESULTS: Of the 58 patients assessed, 25 (43.1%) reported cure of stress urinary incontinence, 19 (32.8%) reported improvement, 12 (20.7%) were the same and 2 (3.4%) were worse after Gittes bladder neck suspension. Thirty-seven (63.8%) replied 'satisfactory' for the Gittes bladder neck suspension. Overall success rate was estimated as 62.1%. Depending on follow-up periods success rate was declined with time and by 5 years the success rate was 67.2%. CONCLUSIONS: Although the Gittes procedure was quick and easy to perform and was well tolerated with minimal complications, long term follow-up study of Gittes bladder neck suspension showed a declining success rate with time. Therefore it may not be a satisfactory procedure for the management of anatomic stress urinary incontinece in women.
Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neck ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence*

In recent years, early intervention is the paradigm in psychosis treatment. The logic of early intervention paradigm is based on the view that the earliest possible detection and intervention for psychosis will deliver the best outcome for patients. Therefore, in recent decades, most of studies focused on indentifying people with psychosis as early as possible, reducing the duration of untreated psychosis. However, while there are well documented and sometimes serious side effects associated with antipsychotic medication in the short-term, the iatrogenic risks of atypical antipsychotic medication are underscored. Furthermore, against this paradigm, the recent of longitudinal studies of schizophrenia suggest a new paradigm shift in treatment timing of psychosis. In this respect, this case which showed symptom remission after conversion into schizophrenia in early psychosis suggests wondering about the time of treatment. Similar cases have not been reported. And review of the effects of timing, in fact, has yet to be done. If similar cases would be reported in the future more, treatment timing may be the next paradigm shift in the therapeutics of early psychosis.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Humans ; Logic ; Longitudinal Studies ; Psychotic Disorders* ; Schizophrenia*

Fetal bilateral renal agenesis is a lethal congenital anomaly. An early and reliable prenatal diagnosis is extremely important as it may offer options for pregnancy termination as early as possible. The criteria for the ultrasonographic diagnosis of bilateral renal agenesis are severe oligohydramnios, nonvisualization of the bladder, and the empty renal fossa. However, severe oligohydramnios makes it difficult to diagnose the disease because of poor sonographic resolution. We present two cases of bilateral renal agenesis, one is diagnosed by ultrasonography after amnioinfusion at 24 weeks gestation, the other is diagnosed postnatally after term delivery.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Oligohydramnios ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder

A total of 48 subjects harbouring Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and/or Enterobius vermicularis were treated with oxantel/pyrantel pamoate tablets (100 mg of each) in a single dose of 20 mg base per kg of body weight. In all 37 cases of A. lumbricoides and 8 cases of A. duodenale infections cured completely, and the mean recovered worm-load was 3.8 with a range of 1-21 and 5.8 with a range of 3-9 respectively. In T. trichiura infection, 32(71.1%) of 45 cases cured completely and the average egg reduction rate was 90.8 per cent. The mean recovered worm-load was 14.6 with a rnage of 1-77 worms. On the other hand, in E. vermicularis infection, 37 (84.1 %) of 44 patients were negative eggs by anal swab tests on the 10 to 11th days and 27 (61.4%) on the 20 to 21st days after treatment. The mean recovered worm-load was 17.7 with a range of 1-62. Only one patient with Trichostrongylus orientalis treated with this drug showed no eggs in his stools throughout the post-treatment examinations. Side effects were not noted in all treated cases. These findings demonstrate that a single dose of oxantel/pyrantel pamoate tablets can be considered a drug of choice for multiple infections with these nematodes.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Trichuris trichiura ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; hookworm ; Enterobius vermicularis ; chemotherapy ; oxantel/pyrantel pamoate

This paper reports a patient with Moyamoya disease who developed a psychotic disorder following a stroke. A 47-year-old female with Moyamoya disease without a psychiatric history experienced persecutory delusion and auditory hallucinations after eight months of intracranial hemorrhage in the right temporal lobe. The adult was managed with low-dose antipsychotics, risperidone. A brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was performed weekly after hospitalization, and psychotic symptoms eventually were under control after three weeks following the initiation of psychotropic medication. This case suggests that low-dose antipsychotics would be effective in patients with psychosis newly developed from a stroke secondary to Moyamoya disease.

Prospective study of gallbladder wall thickness by utrasonography was performed in 38 patients of acute viral hepatitis and 50 normal subjects as a control group from June 1983 to April 1984. The results were as follows; 1.In normal population, the range of gallbladder wall thickness is from 1mm to 3mm with peak incidence in 2mm(66%,33 case). Mean thickness of gallbladder wall is about 1.9±0.6mm. 2. In acute viral hepatitis, the range of gallbladder wall thickness is from 2mm to 8mm with peak incidence in 3mm(34%, 13 case), second peak in 4mm (29%,11 case). Mean thickness of gallbladder wall is about 3.6±1.6mm, which is thicker than normal with statistical signifiance. (p<0.005) 3, In acute viral hepatitis , the mean thickness of glabladder wall is about 4.4±1.8mm in the group of SGOT/ SGPT level above 400 IU, and 2.8±0.8mm in the group of SGOT/SGPT level below 400 IU. This difference is significant statistically. (p<0.05).
Alanine Transaminase ; Gallbladder ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Prospective Studies

Invasive aspergilosis or mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses involving the cranial cavity is termed'rhinocerebral' mycosis, which is often difficult to differentiate from malignancy. Prognosis of rhinocerabralmycosis: is diastrous and usually fatal. The authors herein report 6 cases of rhinocerebral mycosis: two of themwe mucormycosis and four were aspiergillosis histopathologically. Main CT featurs are nodular mucosal thickeningin the multiple sits of the paranasal sinuses that extend to orbital apex or cavernosu sinus through focaldestruction of bony wall. In spite of their invasiveness beyond bony boundary, destruction is not so remarkableand it is always accompained by bony sclerosis. Awareness of these diseases and CT patterns discussed in thisreport should be helpful in leading to early biopsy and treamtent.
4-Acetamido-4'-isothiocyanatostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic Acid ; Aspergillosis ; Biopsy ; Mucormycosis ; Orbit ; Paranasal Sinuses ; Prognosis ; Sclerosis