The limb-body wall malformation complex is a sporadic congenital anomaly characterized by protean manifestations. The diagnosis is based upon the presence of at least two out of craniofacial anomaly, body wall defect, and limb abnormalities. We present a case of limb-body wall malformation complex. This case shows abdominal and pelvic wall defects with eventration of the viscera. It also shows an absence of right kidney, polycystic left kidney, absence of external genitalia and anus, and lower extremity abnormalities. The right lower extremity is absent and the deformed left leg shows malformed foot-like structure attached to the shin in addition to a normally positioned left foot. Our patient is the first case of complete absence of the external genitalia associated with limb-body wall malformation complex in Korean publications and the seventh in English publications.

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to find out whether there are relationships among anatomic characteristics of inferior oblique muscle insertion, corneal diameter, axial length and inferior oblique recession landmark. METHODS: Thirty-one Korean cadaver orbits were dissected to expose the full length of extraocular muscles and sclera, and then we measured the length from the recession landmark of inferior oblique to the lateral edge of insertion of inferior rectus and to the inferior edge of insertion of lateral rectus. RESULTS: The mean of angles between the inferior oblique muscle insertion and lateral rectus direction is 27.9+/-9.0degrees and the range is from 15 degrees to 50 degrees . There is a statistically significant correlation between cord length of 8 mm recession landmark of inferior oblique and angles of inferior oblique insertion with lateral rectus direction. We divided the shapes of inferior oblique insertion into straight and convexed curves. Twelve insertions are straight and thirteen insertions are curved. There is no statistically significant correlation between shape of inferior oblique insertion and cord length from recession landmark. In corneal diameter and axial length, we found correlations with cord length of 8 mm and 10 mm recession landmark of inferior oblique. CONCLUSIONS: We conclud that there are some correlations among anatomic characteristics, axial length and corneal diameter with recession landmark of inferior oblique.
Cadaver ; Muscles ; Orbit ; Sclera

BACKGROUND: Funnel chest is one of the most common anomaly of chest wall, which is manifested by depression of sternum and costal cartilage. Popular operative methods were Ravitch operation and Wada operation. MATERIAL AND METHOD: From 1983 to 1996, 21 cases of funnel chest were corrected surgically in the department of thoracic surgery, National Medical Center. Investigated age and sex distribution, combined anomaly,clinical symptom, degree of correction and complication, postoperative satisfaction. We used 2 different surgical methods, one was Wada & its variants(17 cases), the other was Ravitch and it variants(4 cases). Most of operative indications were cosmetic problems. RESULT: The pre-operative Welch index was 4.188, but this index decreased to 3.46 after the operations.(p=0.046) The degree of correction was higher in Wada & it variant operation than the modified Ravitch operation.(p=0.54) Their results were satisfactory in 20 patients, while unsatisfactory in 1 patient because of a k-wire fracture. There was no recurrence of chest wall depression or postoperative death during the OPD follow up period. CONCLUSION: We recommend Wada operation in symmetric and small degree of depressive chest wall deformity in preand post school age.
Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Funnel Chest* ; Humans ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Sex Distribution ; Sternum ; Thoracic Surgery ; Thoracic Wall

Erythema multiforme is an episodic, self-limited, mucocutaneous, inflammatory disorder and the disease manifests as severe form is called Stevens-Johnson syndrome. It is most commonly precipitated by herpes simplex infection or drugs and the pathogenesis of the mucocutaneous lesion is thought to be related to immune complexes, cell-mediated immunity, or both. We experienced a case of Stevens-Johnson syndrome in 23-year-old female who had systemic bullous kin lesion and diffue mucopurulent conjunctivitis after use of oral acetazolamide for control of steroid-induced increased intraocular pressure after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy, which has not been reported in Korea. So, we report this case with a review of the literature.
Acetazolamide* ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Conjunctivitis, Bacterial ; Erythema Multiforme ; Female ; Herpes Simplex ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Intraocular Pressure ; Korea ; Lasers, Excimer ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; Stevens-Johnson Syndrome* ; Young Adult

Angiomyolipoma is considered by many authors to be a hamartoma, occurring in a sporadic form or in association with tuberous sclerosis. This lesion consists of thick walled blood vessels, smooth muscle, and mature adipose tissue in varying amounts. We have experienced a case of the angiomyolipoma composed of monotypic epithelioid cells. The patient was a 69-year-old female. Clinically, there was no evidence of tuberous sclerosis. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of polygonal cells with abundant eosinophilic granular or clear cytoplasm, pleomorphic nuclei, prominent nucleoli, and multinucleated giant cells. The tumor cells showed positive reaction for HMB45, CD68, smooth muscle actin, and S-100, and negative reaction for epithelial membrane antigen, cytokeratin, vimentin, desmin, CD34, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor. Ultrastructual analysis showed the presence of glycogen, mitochondria, and other microorganelles in neoplastic cells. Melanosome or premelanosome was not identified.
Actins ; Adipose Tissue ; Aged ; Angiomyolipoma* ; Blood Vessels ; Cytoplasm ; Desmin ; Eosinophils ; Epithelioid Cells ; Estrogens ; Female ; Giant Cells ; Glycogen ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Keratins ; Kidney* ; Melanosomes ; Mitochondria ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Because Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most frequent etiological agent in sexually transmitted diseases, accurate diagnostic methods are essential. The enzyme-linked fluorescence assay and Papanicolaou smear were evaluated for detection of C. trachomatis in patients with vaginitis. METHODS: Endocervical swabs from 78 women with symptoms of vaginal discharge, itching or lower abdominal pain in the obstetrics/gynecology department of Gyeongsang National University Hospital were tested by Vidas Chlamydia assay. Slides were stained with Papanicolaou and Giemsa stain to demonstrate inclusion body. RESULTS: Five (6.4%) of 78 endocervical specimens were positive by Vidas Chlamydia assay. Only one case was positve for C. trachomatis with Papanicolaou stain. We could not detect any C. trachomatis by Giemsa stain. CONCLUSION: The Vidas Chlamydia test allows sensitive and high-volume testing for chlamydiae and could be useful for the diagnosis of infection with C. trachomatis in patients with vaginitis and pelvic inflammatory disease.
Abdominal Pain ; Azure Stains ; Chlamydia trachomatis* ; Chlamydia* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Papanicolaou Test ; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease ; Pruritus ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Vaginal Discharge ; Vaginitis

Increased splenic uptake of radiocolloid is a helpful sign in the scintigraphic diagnosis of diffuse hepatocellular diseases, but any attempt has been made to quantify this phsiologic phenomenon. The purpose of thestudy is to evaluate a simple computer quantitation of S/L ratio and to determine normal range and S/L ratios forvarious hepatic diseases. Authors analized S/L ratios of 194 cases of liver scintigraphy from July 1984 to May1985. The results are as follows; 1. The age distribution of normal and various heptic disases was most frequentin 30 to 40 decade. 2. The classification of studied groups were normal subjects (80 cases), hepatitis(30 cases),liver cirrhosis (59 cases), hepatoma(8 cases), metastasis(10 cases), and miscellaneous diseases(7 cases). 3. Thesimple computer quantitation method exhibits small interobserver variation.(r=0.92, p<0.001) 4. The mean S/L ratioin normal group was determined 0.34 (S.D=0.12) with a its range from 0.10 to 0.58 (0.34±2 S.D). The mean S/Lratios in various hepatic diseases were as follows; 0.52 (S.D=0.18) in hepatitis, 1.10 (S.D=0.43) in cirhhosis,0.77 (S.D=0.38) in hepatoma, 0.47 (S.D=0.21) in metastasis, and 0.43(S.D=0.17) in miscellaneous diseases. 5. Theelevated S/L ratios rather than normal values were found in hepatitis (30%), cirrhosis(51%), hepatoma(63%), and metastasis(20%). 6. The sensitivity of single scintigraphic diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was 63%, but thesensitivity was improved to 90% when combined with S/L ratio. 7. The simple computer quantitation of the S/L ratiois a valid and useful method in the interpreation of liver scintigraphy and also may increase the sensitivity inthe diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and hepatoma combined with cirrhosis.
Age Distribution ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Liver ; Methods ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: The chemoembolization with Lipiodol and doxorubicin hydrochloride is used in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. What condition is the ideal emulsion of Lipiodol and doxorubicin for excellent anticancer effect? METHOD AND MATERIALS: Microscopic evaluation was performed on the emulsions, which were varied with different specific gravities of doxorubicin solutions, degrees in mixing of the emulsion, and amount of Lipiodol. RESULT: 1. Maximal amount of doxorubicin solution was contained in Lipiodol droplets and the release of doxorubicin from the droplets were delayed, when specific gravity of doxorubicin was equal to that of Lipiodol (SG, 1.28). 2. The optimal therapertic ratio of Lipiodol and doxorubicin was 3:2 at least, as in the emulsion less than 3:2, unmixed free forms of doxorubicin solution were increased. 3. The emulsion mixed by pumping 50--100 times had smaller Lipiodol droplets and contained larger amount of doxorubicin solution in the droplets than by pumping 20 times. CONCLUSION: We recommend the emulsion with specific gravity of doxorubicin equal to Lipiodol (SG. 1.28), the ratio of Lipiodol and doxorubicin closo to 3:2, and the mixture prepased with puming 50--100 times.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Doxorubicin ; Emulsions ; Ethiodized Oil ; Humans ; Specific Gravity

PURPOSE: To compare preoperative and postoperative thickness and to investigate the difference in the thickness change of corneal epithelium and stroma after cataract surgery through scleral tunnel incision. METHODS: Forty eyes of forty patients who were 40 years old or older and underwent small-incision superior scleral tunnel cataract surgery with phacoemulsification were included. Using the RTVue instrument (Optovue Inc., Fremont, CA, USA), corneal epithelial (ET) and stromal thicknesses (ST) of all subjects were measured preoperatively and at 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively. Thicknesses were classified into 3 zones according to the distance from the vertex: central zone (within 2 mm), paracentral zone (2-5 mm diameter) and midperipheral zone (5-6 mm diameter). RESULTS: Mean central ST was 486.68 ± 25.15 µm, 535.16 ± 48.13 µm, 515.98 ± 44.07 µm, and 502.28 ± 34.87 µm preoperatively, and at 3 days, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively, respectively (p < 0.001 for all). ST showed significant thickening in all three zones from 3 days to 1 month postoperatively (p < 0.001 for all). Mean central, paracentral, and midperipheral ET was 52.13 ± 3.41 µm, 50.42 ± 2.97 µm, 49.12 ± 3.05 µm at preoperatively and 51.03 ± 3.63 µm, 48.96 ± 3.62 µm, 47.67 ± 3.81 µm at 1 month postoperatively, respectively (p = 0.061, 0.006, 0.001, respectively), while there were no signficant changes in all three zones at 3 and 7 days postoperatively. Changes in ET and ST were prominent at the superotemporal incision site. CONCLUSIONS: After scleral tunnel cataract surgery, corneal edema was observed in the stroma immediately after surgery. There was no significant change at early times after surgery in the epithelium, and there was a decrease in the peripheral cornea at 1 month postoperatively. The change in ET was considered a compensatory change due to stromal edema and appeared between 1 week to 1 month postoperatively.
Cataract* ; Cornea ; Corneal Edema ; Corneal Stroma ; Edema ; Epithelium ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Phacoemulsification