No abstract available.

Anaphylactic deaths are frequently observed at autopsies. Since death associated with medical practice has become social concern, the identification of anaphylactic shock is an important part of forensic medicine. However, autopsy findings of anaphylactic shock are usually non-specific; therefore, the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock must be inferred from collecting data on the past history of the deceased, circumstances of death, and negative autopsy findings. The analysis of serum mast cell tryptase level is a well-known, useful ancillary test for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock, but is not widely used in daily practice in Korea. We recently encountered 2 autopsy cases of anaphylactic shock and confirmed that analysis of serum mast cell tryptase level was useful for the diagnosis of anaphylactic shock. In this report, we present these 2 autopsy cases of anaphylactic shock, with literature review of the usefulness and limitations of serum mast cell tryptase analysis.
Anaphylaxis ; Autopsy ; Forensic Medicine ; Korea ; Mast Cells ; Tryptases

No abstract available.
Diagnosis*

Traditionally, radical hysterectomy is the main surgical method for the treatment of early cervical carcinoma and always results in the loss of fertility. But, large numbers of young women are recently being diagnosed with cervical carcinoma and fertility preservation has become a concern. So, there has been a move towards more conservative approaches for the treatment of cervical carcinoma in recent years. Radical trachelectomy, which allows preservation of uterus but removes the cervix, parametrium and upper one third of the vagina, is a conservative but locally radical procedure. We performed radical abdominal trachelectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy for two cases of invasive cervical carcinomas, which may be the first report in korea. One patient was 37 years old single women who had stage Ib cervical cancer and was disease free for 17 months after treatment. The other patient was 19 years old student who was also single and had stage IIa cervical cancer and was disease free for 14 months after treatment. We report the first two cases and review the literature on radical trachelectomy.
Adult ; Cervix Uteri ; Female ; Fertility ; Fertility Preservation ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Korea ; Lymph Node Excision* ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Uterus ; Vagina ; Young Adult

Fetal thymus may be the organ for NK cell maturation, but the in vivo evidences are few, Here, by analyzing NK cell receptor, we present that NK cells develop in fetal thymus and fetal liver and that NK cell receptor appears earlier than the expression CD16 or CD56. Moreover, the finding that the repertoire of NK cell receptor is different between fetal thymus and fetal liver lymphocytes suggests that the environmental factors may influence the NK cell receptor repertoire during NK cell maturation.
Killer Cells, Natural* ; Liver* ; Lymphocytes* ; Thymocytes* ; Thymus Gland

An infrequent complication, remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) may occur after supratentorial craniotomy at a reported incidence of 0.08-0.6%. Although RCH is mostly self limiting, early diagnosis and treatment are necessary as the condition may result in severe neurologic deficits or mortality. Because RCH is often asymptomatic, occurrence of it was occasionally recognized with brain computed tomography (CT) scans only. We experienced two contrasting cases of RCH in patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery. These cases indicate that it should be mandatory to perform a brain CT scans immediately after surgery and on appropriate time to detect RCH. Awareness of this complication and close monitoring are essential for avoiding fatal neurological deficits or mortality.

An infrequent complication, remote cerebellar hemorrhage (RCH) may occur after supratentorial craniotomy at a reported incidence of 0.08-0.6%. Although RCH is mostly self limiting, early diagnosis and treatment are necessary as the condition may result in severe neurologic deficits or mortality. Because RCH is often asymptomatic, occurrence of it was occasionally recognized with brain computed tomography (CT) scans only. We experienced two contrasting cases of RCH in patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms of the middle cerebral artery. These cases indicate that it should be mandatory to perform a brain CT scans immediately after surgery and on appropriate time to detect RCH. Awareness of this complication and close monitoring are essential for avoiding fatal neurological deficits or mortality.

Twenty-five patients with unstable fracture or fracture-dislocation of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spines were treated with Cotrel-Dubousset instrumentation. Internal fixation was done in two ways; long rodding in seventeen patients and short rodding in eight. Short segment posterolateral or posterior autogenous iliac bone graft was done in all cases. The amount of correction of the collapsed anterior vertebral body height and the local kyphotic angle at the immediate post-operation were similar between the two groups, but loss of correction at last follow-up was more severe in the short rodding group. Instrument failure was also more common in the short rodding group. In conclusion, it was found that short segment stabilization of spine fractures with Cotrel-Dubousset instrument can effectively reduce fracture but can not maintain reduction until fusion. Therefore, long rodding was reconfirmed to be the better method of stabilization of the thoracolumbar and lumbar spines fractures.
Body Height ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Spine ; Transplants

Purpose: Urinary stones cause lateral abdominal pain and are a prevalent condition among younger age groups. The diagnosis typically involves assessing symptoms, conducting physical examinations, performing urine tests, and utilizing radiological imaging. Artificial intelligence models have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in detecting stones. However, due to insufficient datasets, the performance of these models has not reached a level suitable for practical application. Consequently, this study introduces a vision transformer (ViT)-based pipeline for detecting urinary stones, using computed tomography images with augmentation. Methods: The super-resolution convolutional neural network (SRCNN) model was employed to enhance the resolution of a given dataset, followed by data augmentation using CycleGAN. Subsequently, the ViT model facilitated the detection and classification of urinary tract stones. The model’s performance was evaluated using accuracy, precision, and recall as metrics. Results: The deep learning model based on ViT showed superior performance compared to other existing models. Furthermore, the performance increased with the size of the backbone model. Conclusions The study proposes a way to utilize medical data to improve the diagnosis of urinary tract stones. SRCNN was used for data preprocessing to enhance resolution, while CycleGAN was utilized for data augmentation. The ViT model was utilized for stone detection, and its performance was validated through metrics such as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the F1 score. It is anticipated that this research will aid in the early diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract stones, thereby improving the efficiency of medical personnel.

Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate the experiences of post-traumatic growth among spouses of alcoholics. Methods: This study used narrative inquiry. The participants were three middle-aged women who had suffered domestic violence from their husbands, the latter of whom had been diagnosed with alcohol use disorders. In-depth interviews with each participant were conducted twice from June to July 2019. Results: The participants reappraised the intrusive symptoms and negative feelings caused by their husbands' drinking problems and domestic violence, and they deliberately repeated reflective pondering through cognitive and emotional flexibility. The perception of social support from actively explored support resources led them to choose a problem-focused coping strategy. Their views of themselves, interpersonal relationships, and philosophical views that had collapsed due to trauma were reconstructed, thus attaining self-transformation. Conclusion The subjective perception of social support among spouses of alcoholics was affected by the social and cultural contexts and the means of support. Using an emotional-focused coping strategy to accommodate negative emotional response from trauma as well as helping deal with the emotions themselves are important for driving growth motivation and post-traumatic growth. Post-traumatic growth is the process of reconstructing narratives and integrating them into life stories, thereby giving meaning to life.