Rhabdomyosarcoma are reportedly the most common soft tissue sarcoma occuring in childhood, but the biliary tree is a rare site of origin for this tumor. Recently we experienced a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the biliary tree in a 30-month-old child. UItrasonography showed hypoechoic mass filling the dilated left. intrahepatic & extrahepatic bile ducts, and CT showed hypodense mass with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast infusion. Intraoperative cholangiography showed filling defects within the dilated left. intrahepatic & extrahepatic bile ducts. Postoperative MRI showed residual mass within the left. intrahepatic duct which was hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Biliary Tract* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiography ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal* ; Sarcoma

Rhabdomyosarcoma are reportedly the most common soft tissue sarcoma occuring in childhood, but the biliary tree is a rare site of origin for this tumor. Recently we experienced a case of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the biliary tree in a 30-month-old child. UItrasonography showed hypoechoic mass filling the dilated left. intrahepatic & extrahepatic bile ducts, and CT showed hypodense mass with heterogeneous enhancement after contrast infusion. Intraoperative cholangiography showed filling defects within the dilated left. intrahepatic & extrahepatic bile ducts. Postoperative MRI showed residual mass within the left. intrahepatic duct which was hypointense on T1WI and hyperintense on T2WI.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Biliary Tract* ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cholangiography ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma, Embryonal* ; Sarcoma

The nevus of Ota is a benign dermal melanocytic lesion that most commonly occurs unilaterally in areas innervated by the first and second division of the trigeminal nerve. Acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules(ABNOM) are located bilaterally on the forehead, temples, eyelids, cheeks, and/or nose. They usually occur in the fourth or fifth decade of life in women(rarely in men). In contrast to the nevus of Ota, ABNOM have not been observed in the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, nose, or eyes. Traditional treatments were palliative, risky electrocautery, or cryotherapy. These methods resulted in permanent pigmentary changes and/or scarring. Recently utilizing the principle of selective photothermolysis, the Q-switched Alexandrite laser has been reported to be successful in treating benign pigmentary lesions and tattoos. Our study evaluated the treatment of 127 patients with nevus of Ota and ABNOM with the Q-switched Alexandrite laser(755 nm, 100 nsec). Nevi were treated up to 7 times with 7-8 J/cm2 at a minimum of 6 weeks interval. Good therapeutic effects were gained (up to 50% improvement was seen in 89% of patients.) and our patients were very satisfied. No patients had permanent textural change or scarring. Treatment with on Alexandrite laser for nevus of Ota & ABNOM is considered to be a safe and effective method.
Cheek ; Cicatrix ; Cryotherapy ; Electrocoagulation ; Eyelids ; Forehead ; Humans ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Mouth ; Mucous Membrane ; Nevus of Ota ; Nevus* ; Nose ; Trigeminal Nerve

No abstract available.
Fascia* ; Foot* ; Leg*

beta-amyloid[Abeta] peptide consisting of 40 of 42 amino acids peptide is the principal constituent of senile plaques in Alzheimer`s disease. Recently, it has been demonstrated that this peptide and its constituent fragments are toxic to neuron. Basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are preferentially damaged early in the course of Alzheimer`s disease, and the degree of cholinergic decrement correlates well with the severity of dementia. Taking into consideration of toxic properties of Abeta and the selective vulnerability of the cholinergic system, possible effects of beta-amyloid on the cultured basal forebrain cholinergic neurons were tested. Our result showed tha Abeta1-40 induced marked neurodegenerative changes including loss of cell body and dystrophic neurites in the basal forebrain neuronal cultures at 20micrometer. Immunocytochemical study showed that Abeta1-40 causes apparent loss of choline acetyltransferase[ChAT] immunoreactivity and acetycholine esterase[AchE] positive neuritic intergrity in large basal forebrain cholinegic neurons. However, the number of ChAT immunoreactive neurons was not significantly decreased as compared to other neurons in mixed culture system. These results suggest that the basal forebrain neurons are not particularly vulnearable to Abeta and that preferential injury to basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in Alzheimer`s disease may be caused by some other medchanism.
Amino Acids ; Choline ; Cholinergic Neurons* ; Dementia ; Neurites ; Neurons ; Plaque, Amyloid ; Prosencephalon*

In the present study, we have etamined the role of c-kit and KL ligand in the mouse brain after kainate-induced seizure. To investigate whether c-kit receptor and KL ligand might involved in kainate-induced apoptosis, the expression patterns of c-kit and KL mRNA and localization of immunoreactivity for c-Kit, SCF and Bcl-2 protein were examined by in situ hybridization technique and immunohistochemical method, respectively, in the mouse hippocampus after kainate treatment. This report is the first demonstration for the role of c-kit receptor and KL ligand in the kainate-induced apoptosis. Our conclusion is based on : 1] c-kit and KL mRNA expressions were increased in CA3 region of the hippocampus in 1h after kainate treatment, 2] immunoreactivities for c-Kit protein and SCF were detected higher level in the CA1 and CA3 sectors in 24h after kainate treatment, 3] expression level for Bcl-2 protein was increased in the CA3 region of the hippocampus 24h after kainate treatment. These results suggest that bcl-2 could promote cell survival of injured neurons in CA3 after kainate-induced seizure. And increased translations of c-kit receptor and KL ligand after kainate injection in this area susgest that c-kit receptor and KL ligand could have a role in the kainate-induced apoptosis.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brain ; Cell Survival ; Hippocampus* ; In Situ Hybridization ; Kainic Acid ; Mice* ; Neurons ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; RNA, Messenger ; Seizures* ; Translations

A various type of hairline and height of forehead is considered as a result of genetic effect. The conventional corrective surgical operation of low hairline in forehead has been too complicated and painful to apply, and also has many disadvantages such as scar, bleeding, risks of anesthesia. Recently four classes of devices are designed to remove hair with intense light beam : Nd-Yag lasers with carbon cream, the Ruby lasers, the Alexandrite lasers, and the polychromic broad band light source of flashlamp technology. The goal of these therapeutic modality is to destroy the melanin pigment selectively in hair follicle without injuring the skin for permanent epilation. We have been used long pulse infrared Alexandrite laser for treat low hair line in 27 patients from Dec. 1997 to Dec. 1998. We experienced 3 cases of temporary hyperpigmentation and 1 case of bulla, and the most of patients were satisfied in 89%. The average lengthening of forehead was 2.2cm (median line) and 2.3cm (paramedian line). We achieved successful result without permanent hyperpigmentation or scarring
Anesthesia ; Carbon ; Cicatrix ; Forehead ; Hair Follicle ; Hair Removal ; Hair* ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Lasers, Solid-State* ; Melanins ; Skin

OBJECTIVE: To report the pedigree of Kallmann syndrome inherited in autosomal dominant mode with variable expressivity. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Case report. RESULTS: The patient had amenorrhea and anosmia but did not have a sign of absolute hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Her father had an anosmia and her two elderly sisters also had an anosmia but delivered babies uneventfully. Her two male siblings did not show any signs of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. CONCLUSION: Kallmann syndrome has many different modes of inheritance such as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive, and X-linked form. So the careful investigation of family pedigree is required.
Aged ; Amenorrhea ; Fathers ; Female ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Kallmann Syndrome* ; Male ; Olfaction Disorders ; Pedigree ; Siblings ; Wills

In this study, We have tried to evaluate with a Pulse oximeter the changes of SaO2Pulse, and Temperature in the recovery period. We divided 75 patients into the following 5 groups according to operation sites and anesthetic methods. 1) Lower aMominal operation (Group 1) 2) Upper abdominal operation (Group 2) 3) Head and Neck operation (Group 3) 4) Extremity operation (Group 4) 5) Subarachnoid Block (Group 5) We measured the values preoperatively, on arrival at the recovery room, and at 5 minutes 10 minutes, 20 minutes, and 30 minutes later. The SaO2was decreased in all groups on arrival, significantly in group 2 and 4, but progressively increased toward normal range. The Temperature dropped significantly in groups 2, 4, and 5 on arrival, the pulse was significantly decreased only in group 5. As a result of this study, We recommend supplementel oxygen and thermoregulation for immediate postanesthetic patient care.
Body Temperature Regulation ; Extremities ; Head ; Humans ; Neck ; Oxygen* ; Patient Care ; Recovery Room ; Reference Values

Cellular schwannoma is a variant of schwannoma, and is diagnosed as malignant tumor in over one fourth of cases because of its cellularity, mitotic activity and the occasional presence of bone destruction. This tumor is a tumor with low malignant potential and usually occurs in peripheral nervous system, mainly in the posterior mediastinum and retroperitoneal space. But pelvic retroperitoneal cellular schwannoma is very rare. Recently, we experienced a case of pelvic retroperitoneal cellular schwannoma in a 42-year-old woman; in reporting the case a brief review of the literature is included.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Mediastinum ; Neurilemmoma* ; Peripheral Nervous System ; Retroperitoneal Space