BACKGROUND: thermotherapy has been shown to be effective in the treatment of some fungal infections. Dermatophyte are well grown at 25degrees C rather than 37degrees C or high temperature. OBJECTIVE: An vitro test was done to assess the complemental effect and optimal conditions of local heating on the susceptability of t. rubrum to systemic antifungal agents. METHODS: Microdilution susceptability test to ketoconazole and itraconazole was done using 96 well microplate. Eight strains of T. rubrum were isolated from patients withtinea pedis and were cultured at 25degrees C, 37degrees C and 42degrees C for 1, 8 or 24 hours per day. MIC were checked at 4th, 7th, 9th day after inoculution. RESULTS: The growth without antifungal agents at 37degrees C and 42degrees C were decreased by 805 and 50% of the growth at 25degrees C respectively. Seven day after inoculation was the proper time to check the MIC. MIC50 of ketoconazole was the lowest at 42degrees C for 24hours per day in value of 0.006microgram/ml, and 0.09microgram/ml at 37degrees C for 24hours per day, 0.37microgram/mlat 42degrees C, for 8hours per day and 37degrees C for 8hours per day. MIC at 42degrees C for 1 hours er day, 37degrees C for 1 hyours and 25degrees C for 24hours per ady MIC were the same in value of 0.05microgram/ml. MIC50 of itraconazole was the lowest at 42degrees C for 24hours per day in value of 0.006microgram/ml, 0.01microgram/ml at 37degrees C for 24hours per day, 0.02microgram/ml at 37degrees C for 8hours per day. MIC at 42degrees C for 8hours per day, 42degrees C for 1hours per day, 37degrees C for 24hours per day MIC were the same in value of 0.05microgram/ml. CONCLUSION: Incubation at 37degrees C for 24 hours per day or 42degrees C for 24 hours per day increased the susceptability of T. rubrum to ketoconazole and itraconazole.
Antifungal Agents* ; Arthrodermataceae* ; Complement System Proteins ; Heating ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Itraconazole ; Ketoconazole

We report a case of type IV hyperlipoproteinemia associated with xanthoma tuberosum and diabets mellitus in a 48 year old female patient. She had several yellowish-brown papules on the knees and palms. The blood glucose level was elevated and serum lipid and lipoprotein analysis revealed patterns of type IV hyperlipoproteinemia. Histopathologic findings of yellowish-brown papules on the knee showed the aggregation of foam cells in the dermis. She has been treated with diet control and hypolipidemic drug(lovastatin and procetofen) and is under our continuing supervision.
Blood Glucose ; Dermis ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Diet ; Female ; Foam Cells ; Humans ; Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IV* ; Knee ; Lipoproteins ; Middle Aged ; Organization and Administration ; Xanthomatosis*

The incidence of the cutaneous tuberculosis has shown a steady decline over the past decades. This parallels the decreasing incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis. We experienced 5 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis from January 1990 to February 1991. We present herein 4 cases of cutaneous tuberculosis. They were 3 cases of vulgaris and 1 case of tuberculosis verrucosa cutis. Mantoux tests were done except one case and were reactive in all cases. Culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis were done but Mycobacterium tuberculosis were not cultivated in the all cases. Histopathological findings showed tuberculoid granulomas in the dermis except one case and no acid fast bacilli were demonstrated on AFB stains.
Coloring Agents ; Dermis ; Granuloma ; Incidence ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Cutaneous* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The pathogenesis of lupus er thematosus(LE) appears to be multifactorial, including genetic, hormonal and environmental influences. Genetic factors have long been suspected to an important role in its pathogenesis. This was been shown in family studies and twin studies. We report a family in which mother developed SLE and son developed DLE. The mother, 35 year old female, had hyperpigmcnted brownish macules and atrophic scars on the face and also complained of fever, chill and arthralgia for 2 years. The clinical, laboratory and histopathological findings showed characteristic features of systemic lupus erythematosus. she had been treated with systemic prednisolone, hydrcxychloroquin sulfate and topical corticosteroid ointment for about 4 years resulting favorable improvement skin lesions. Laboratory studies during her course had demonstrated persist leukopenia, peckled pattern ANA and VDRL positive. The son, 10-year-old, had peasized, multiple erythematous papules and plaques on the face and arms for 2 months. The lirical, laboratory and histopathological findings showed characteristic features of discoid lupus erythematosus. He was treated with systernic prednisolone for 2 years, hydroxychloroquin sulfate and topical corticosteroid ointment for abcut 4 years resulting nearly all clearing of skin lesions with slighthly hyperpigmentation. Laboratory studies during his course had demonstrated only weakly ANA positive.
Adult ; Arm ; Arthralgia ; Child ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Leukopenia ; Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; Mothers* ; Naphazoline ; Prednisolone ; Skin

The authors analysed 22 patients who were admitted to Gyeongsang National University Hospital because of ocular injuries induced by Power lawn mowers from March 1, 1991 to December 31, 1994. All of the patients were males. The average age of the patients was 43.3(range 15-69). Most injuries occured between June and September. Perforating injuries were developed in 8(36.4%) of 22 eyes and non-perforating injuries in 14(63.6%) eyes. The type of injuries were lens damage(10/22), vitreous hemorrhage(8/22), iridodialysis(4/22), intraocular foreign body(3/22), endophthalmitis(2/22), retinal detachment(1/22), and choroidal rupture(1/22). The prognosis was poor when the eyeball was perforated. Therefore safety goggles are absolutely needed for prevention of ocular injuries induced by Power lawn mowers.
Choroid ; Endophthalmitis ; Eye Protective Devices ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Retinaldehyde

PURPOSE: To assess union and complication rates associated with the use of 2 small diameter headless compression screws and volar wedge bone grafting for the treatment of scaphoid fracture waist nonunions with collapse. METHODS: A total of 12 patients (11 male and 1 female) at an average age of 32.5 years were treated with open reduction and internal fixation with 2 small diameter headless compression screws for scaphoid nonunions with a mean follow-up of 11 months. Tricortical wedge shaped autograft were harvested from the iliac crest and placed into the nonunion site to restore length and alignment in all patients. Union was determined by radiographs and computed tomography, and scapholunate and radiolunate angles, and height-to-length ratio were calculated on final radiographs and follow-up computed tomography. RESULTS: All 12 scaphoids united with a mean time for 2.8 months. The mean postoperative scapholunate angle was significantly reduced from 73° preoperatively to 56° postoperatively. The mean radiolunate angle was significantly improved from 21° from neutral preoperatively to 12° postoperatively. The height-to-length ratio was also demonstrated significant improvement from 0.73 preoperatively to 0.60 postoperatively. No hardware problems were identified and no revision procedures have been necessary. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that the use of 2 small diameter headless compression screws with volar structural bone graft stabilizes the fracture for predictable union, while reducing the deformity reliably from a collapsed scaphoid nonunion. The presented technique is safe and effective, and may provide superior biomechanical stability, especially against the torsional force.
Autografts ; Bone Transplantation ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Torsion, Mechanical ; Transplants

Rupture of the major airway by blunt chest trauma is uncommon. It can potentially cause serious complications, such as tension pneumothorax or cardiovascular injuries, with an overall mortality rate reaching up to 30%. The etiology of trauma includes fall-down, traffic accidents, cycling and child abuse. Dyspnea was the most common feature, followed by hemoptysis, air leak and chest pain. It is well known that dyspnea after chest trauma is due to accumulation of secretions in the airway, mucosal and cartilaginous injuries and associated parenchymal injuries. In cases of recurrent dyspnea in children irrespective of trauma, we should consider asthma, foreign body aspiration, tracheal stenosis, bronchial tumor, mediastinal tumor, gastroesophageal reflux disease and vascular ring. In this case, we found granulation tissue repeatedly causing obstruction of the airway at the site of rupture after traffic accident. Dyspnea resolved after surgical resection of the granulation tissue. We report a case of recurrent granulation tissue showing dyspnea after bronchial rupture.
Accidents, Traffic ; Asthma ; Chest Pain ; Child ; Child Abuse ; Dyspnea ; Foreign Bodies ; Gastroesophageal Reflux ; Granulation Tissue ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Pneumothorax ; Rupture ; Thorax ; Tracheal Stenosis

Familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP) is a rare hereditary disorder characterized by the development of hundreds to thounds polyps throughout the colon and rectum. Moreover, several extracolonic manifestations are seen. Recently, this disease is recognized as a adenomatous polyposis syndrome which can involve the entire astrointestinal tract. Several reports have demonstrated a high incidence of gastroduodenal polyps in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis. These colon polyps can be eventually developed as colon cancer, if not be treated. So early diagnosis is needed and prophylactic surgery should be erformed. We experienced a case of familial adenomatous polyposis with a large sentinel polyp on the sigmoid colon, presenting hematochezia and mucoid diarrhea. He was early treated before progression to carcinoma by total colectomy, rectal mucosectomy and J pouch ileoanal anastomosis.
Adenomatous Polyposis Coli* ; Colectomy ; Colon ; Colon, Sigmoid ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonic Pouches ; Diarrhea ; Early Diagnosis ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Polyps* ; Rectum

OBJECTIVE: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy(ARVC) is a progressive cardiac muscle disease characterized as progressive fibrofatty replacement of the right ventricle, severe ventricular arrhythmia, and sudden death. However, there is no report of ARVC as a cause of sudden death in Korea. METHODS and RESULTS: Postmortem studies were done to 115 cases of sudden unexplained death at department of legal medicine, school of medicine, Kyungpook national university in year 1999. We identified 7 cases(6%) of typical ARVC with no other identifiable cause of sudden death. The subjects included 5 males and 2 females, ranging in age from 19 to 41 years (mean 29.7 years). All were found dead at bed (5 cases) or workshop (2 cases). Five cases were fibrofatty types and two cases were fatty types. Right ventricular aneurysm, inflammatory infiltrates and left ventricular involvement were found in 4, 2 and 1 cases, repectively. Two cases had family history of sudden death before age 40. No one was suspected of having cardiovascular disease or ARVC before death. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that ARVC in Taegu-Kyungpook area may be more frequent than previously thought. ARVC may be a major cause of sudden unexplained death.
Aneurysm ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia* ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Death, Sudden ; Education ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Myocardium

Doxorubicin has characteristic chemomyectomy effect of the eyelid without disturbing other eyelid structures, but the major side effect of doxorubicin is the potential for eyelid skin injury as a result of the drug's toxicity in both animal and clinical studies. Verapamil may be used to reduce the dose of doxorubicin and the number of injections that would amplify the toxic effects of doxorubicin. This study was performed to determine whether there is an increase in the toxic effect of the doxorubicin as a result of verapamil pretreatment of the muscle. After 0.5mg, 1.0mg, and 2.0mg doxorubicin was injected in lower eyelids of each group, and equal dose of doxorubicin was injected fo11owing 1.0mg of verapamil injection in lower eyelid of each group, muscle cell loss were measured by light microscopy and side effect was observed. In verapamil and doxorubicin injection group, there was significant differences in the amount of preseptal muscle and even in the pretarsal muscle than the doxorubicin injection group in all doxorubicin doses. Verapamil, injected with a range of doses of doxorubicin, caused suhstantia11y increased muscle loss in the eyelid, compared with injection of doxorubicin alone. Skin ulceration, entropion or ectropion were not visible. Clinically, verapamil cotreatment might be useful to decrease the dose of doxorubicin injected and/or the total number of injections.
Animals ; Doxorubicin* ; Ectropion ; Entropion ; Eyelids ; Microscopy ; Muscle Cells ; Skin ; Skin Ulcer ; Verapamil*