No Abstract Available.

We reviewed 40 cases of femoral shaft fractures in children treated with split Russel traction and initial fracture angulation above 10 degree. The treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children is various according to age. Satisfactory results have been reported with split-Russel traction. At an average follow-up of 33 months, we obtained following results about remodelling of fracture site & physeal site, possible acceptable angulation of fracture. 1. The average time of traction was 18 days, and hip spica cast was applied for 28 days. 2. Malunion within 25degrees in flexion & 23degrees in valgus & 24degrees in varus was well corrected spontaneously. 3. Average correction of initial angular deformity was 86% at last follow up. 4. Anterior angulation was corrected at 83%, varus 87%, valgus 88%. 5. Remodelling according to direction of deformity was no statistical correlation (P>0.05), and then spontaneous correction of angular deformity was same without relation to direction of deformity. 6. Remodelling according to site was statistical correlation (P<0.05), fracture site 26%, physes 74%. And proximal physes 36%, distal physes 38%.
Child* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Traction*

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome ; Family Characteristics ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genetic Counseling ; Humans ; Mandible ; Mass Screening ; Mothers ; Odontogenic Cysts ; Recurrence ; Siblings ; Skin ; Young Adult

No abstract available.

Use of the Hamburger-Salmon soft agar assay method for in vitro chemotherapy sensitivity testing was tried. In this assay, double soft agar was used to culture 9 human urologic tumors, including 2 renal adenocarcinomas, one Wilms' tumor, 4 bladder transitional cell carcinomas, one paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma and one penile squamous cell carcinoma. Among these cancers, Wilms' tumor and penile carcinoma grew to the extent that they could be used in chemosensitivity testing in soft agar (> or =30 colonies per control plate). It is concluded from this study that in vitro chemosensitivity testing by colony formation assay may be a useful tool in the treatment of urologic cancers, but more experiences should be gathered.
Adenocarcinoma ; Agar ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Urinary Bladder ; Urologic Neoplasms ; Wilms Tumor

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference between two nailing approaches of intramedullary screw fixation, the retrograde nailing versus the anterograde nailing, on the radiological and clinical outcomes in patients with clavicle shaft fractures. METHODS: From April 2002 to August 2014, we enrolled a total of 22 patients with clavicle shaft fractures to participate in this study. Twelve patients received retrograde intramedullary nailing and 10 received anterograde nailing. The average duration of follow-up was 12 months. In all the patients, we took follow-up radiographs of the anteroposterior and the axial views to assess the postoperative radiological outcomes. We measured the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and the range of motion (ROM). RESULTS: Clinically, we did not find a statistically significant difference in the retrograde group and the anterograde group in terms of the duration to bone union, the VAS score the ASES score and the ROMs. Radiologically, we found that the difference in the clavicle shortening of the affected arm and the unaffected arm did not show a statistically significant difference at the immediate postoperative assessment. we found that the difference in the clavicle shortening of the affected arm between the immediate postoperative and the final follow-up value did not show a statistically significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: We found that both the retrograde nailing and the anterograde nailing gave a favorable outcome for clavicle shaft fractures. Although we saw evidence of clavicle shortening after intramedullary screw fixation, this was not a factor that influenced clinical outcome.
Arm ; Clavicle* ; Elbow ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Shoulder

Paget's disease is classified, according to location, as mammary or extramammary disease. Extramammary Paget's disease especially in the vulva is extremely rare. Several hundred cases have been described worldwide. Patients with Paget's disease of the vulva are usually white and postmenopausal. The cause of which remains elusive. A case of vulva Paget's disease is presented with brief review of literature.
Humans ; Paget Disease, Extramammary ; Vulva

After the introduction of the central parenchymal pedicle by Hester(1985) and the round-block technique by Benelli (1988), several variations of periareolar reduction mammoplasty have been used by many authors. Periareolar reduction mammoplasty is a less aggressive procedure than traditional techniques and it produces less conspicuous periareolar scars while maintaining an acceptable overall result. We experienced 120 cases (60 patients) of periareolar reduction mammoplasty during the period from May 1994 to February 1998. We present the analysis of 60 cases of periareolar reduction mammoplasty. Periareolar reduction mammoplasty utilizing central parenchymal pedicle was performed in the first 40 patients, while a procedure utilizing the inferior dermal pedicle was done in the next 20 cases consecutively. The range of follow-up was from 1 to 5 years. Complications such as nipple areolar complex necrosis and sensory changes were reduced when the inferior dermal pedicle used. There were 5 cases of nipple areolar complex necrosis and sensory changes were reduced when the inferior dermal pedicle used. There were 5 cases of nipple areolar complex necrosis (6.2%), including 1 case of near total necrosis in cases utilizing the central parenchymal pedicle. But in the technique using inferior dermal pedicle, there was no skin flap necrosis. The central parenchymal pedicle technique has several advantages such as a wide operation field permitting complete breast contouring and better mobility of the remaining breast tissue. However, inferior dermal pedicle technique has relative superiority over central parenchymal pedicle technique in terms of anatomical rationale, as well as in the rate of complications without causing limitations in breast mobility for contouring. Such complications as nipple areolar complex necrosis, skin flap necrosis and sensory change of nipple were reduced when the inferior dermal pedicle technique was used. It is much easier to preserve the 4th intercostal nerve to the nipple anatomically. Periareolar reduction mammoplasty utilizing the inferior dermal pedicle is thought to be a reliable, reproducible method.
Breast ; Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intercostal Nerves ; Mammaplasty* ; Necrosis ; Nipples ; Skin

Cartilage is one of the most commonly manipulated tissue in esthetic and reconstructive surgery. Cartilage has an important role in longitudinal bone growth. Anabolic hormones and locally produced peptide growth factors are known to influence this process Matrix composition changes through proliferation, maturation, and differentiation of chondrocytes, and endochondral ossification thereafter. Defined cartilage matrix is synthesized during the maturation of chondrocytes where the major change is the increment of type II collagen. Variable sulfated mucololysaccharides and hyaluronic acid are also synthesized during this maturation. IGF-I(insulin like growth factor-I), so called somatomedin C, is a prominent growth factor in serum. IGF-I is known to be involved in long growth. IGF-I is affected by pituitary growth hormone. There are few studies done on IGF-I effect in cartilage matrix formation and possible changes of collagen subtypes. This experiment was designed to see the IGF-I effect on the colagen synthesis of cultured chondrocytes. Optimal concentration of IGF-I for the experiment was determined using H3-thymidine incorporation into DNA. The IGF-I effect on collagen synthesis was studied using H3-proline. The IGF-I effect on the synthesis of subtypes of collagen was studied using SDS-PAGE and immunocytochemical staining. Chondrocytes were isolated from the ears of New Zealand white rabbit and cultured in 2 X 10(5) cells/300 microgram density. IGF-I increased DNA synthesis, and optimal concentration of IGF-I was determined by dose-relationship curve as 10ng/ml. Collagen synthesis was increased by IGF-I. Type II collagen was increased on SDS-PAGE with IGF-I and this gel electrophoresis showed type X collagen, also. The increase in type II collagen was confirmed with immunocytochemical staining, the reaction becoming stronger with the addition of IGF-I. Type I collagen was not changed with IGF-I on immunocytochemistry. We conclude that IGE-I is an important modulator influencing not only proliferation and maturation but also terminal different-iation of chondrocytes.
Bone Development ; Cartilage ; Chondrocytes* ; Collagen Type I ; Collagen Type II ; Collagen Type X ; Collagen* ; DNA ; Ear ; Electrophoresis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Growth Hormone ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Immunohistochemistry ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; New Zealand

To elucidate iron utilization patterns of Staphylococcus aureus according to the growth, we checked the residual iron concentration and the production of siderophores at the indicated times while culturing S. aureus ATCC 6538 and 25923 strains in brain heart infusion broth. By using streptonigrin susceptibility test and investigating growth curves in three culture media of which iron concentration is 0.2, 20, 45 uM, respectively, we found out that iron metabolism of 6538 strain was more active than that of 25923 strain. In point of tendency of iron consumption, 6538 strain steeply consumed iron just before the onset of stationary phase, but 25923 strain did gradually iron throughout the growth phase. Nevertheless, total amount of iron consumed by each strain during the growth was almost no difference between the strains. CAS diffusion assay in detecting siderophores showed that siderophore production followed iron consumption. These results suggest that the siderophores play significant role in iron utilization in vitro.
Brain ; Culture Media ; Diffusion ; Heart ; Iron* ; Metabolism ; Siderophores ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Streptonigrin