No abstract available.
Antioxidants* ; Glutathione* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Drug Therapy*

We analyzed ERCP findings of 15 patients with clonorchiasis, that were confirmed by stool examination and operation from May, 1976 to September, 1980. The results were as follows. 1) Filling defects due to adult worm of clonorchis sinensis were significant direct findings of clonorchiasis. 2) Irregular stenosis, fuzziness, raggedness, peripheral dilation and disturbance of peripheral filling of intrahepatic bile ducts were significant indirect findings of clonorchiasis. 3) ERCP was excellent method to evaluate biliary tree in patients with clonorchiasis, who showed obstructive jaundice.
Adult ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Tract ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde* ; Clonorchiasis* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive

No abstract available.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

PURPOSE: Measurement of body fat in obese children is useful not only in evaluating health hazard but also in establishing standards of treatment and evaluating the effectiveness of treatment. In the field of clinical and laboratory study, there are various methods with different reliability, propriety, convenience, and expenses. However, the practical value of these studies is limited in Korea, especially in the field of pediatrics, therefore we investigated the correlation of body fat measurement methods to establish the basis for the practical use in children. METHODS: The study is based on the records of a total of 32 cases who visited the pediatric obesity clinics at Chung-Ang University Yong San Hospital from April 2003 to September 2003. We measured the height, weight, waist-hip ratio obesity degree and body mass index. Then we analyzed the correlation of these manual measurement data with the results of bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA), Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA). RESULTS: The body mass index was correlated with the quantity of body fat(r=0.805, P=0.000), the ratio of body fat(r=0.437, P=0.012), and the ratio of abdominal fat(r=0.458, P=0.008) in DEXA. The obesity degree was correlated only with the ratio of body fat(r=0.358, P=0.044) in DEXA. The body composition measured by BIA and DEXA showed significant correlation with the quantity of body fat(r=0.953, P=0.000) and the ratio of body fat(r=0.578, P=0.001), but the ratios of abdominal fat were not correlated with each other. CONCLUSION: Body mass index is more accurate compared with obesity degree. In addition, BIA can be utilized competitively in screening of body fat, although it is limited in measuring localized fat distribution when compared with DEXA.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue* ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Child* ; Electric Impedance ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Obesity ; Pediatric Obesity ; Pediatrics ; Waist-Hip Ratio

BACKGROUND: In patients with mitral stenosis, the degree of pulmonary hypertension is expected to be related to the severity of mitral valve obstruction. However, some patients with severe mitral stenosis do not develop reactive pulmonary hypertension. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 34 patients with symptomatic mitral stenosis undergoing percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty by clinical, echocardiographic, and invasive hemodynamic(cardiac cathrterization) data. Prevalvuloplasty data were available in 34 subjects[mean age 38+/-9 year ; women 74% ; NYHA class 1 (6 patients), class 2 (17 patients), class 3 (7 patients), class 4 (4 patients) ; in electrocardiography, NSR(23 patients), Atrial fibrillation(11 patients)]. RESULTS: 1) The pulmonary vascular bed gradient was significantly correlated with pulmonary vascular resistance(r=0.91), mean pulmonary artery pressure(r=0.82), transmitral mean pressure gradient(r=0.64) and mitral valve area(r=-0.48). The pulmonary vascular resistance was significantly correlated with mena pulmonary artery pressure(r=0.77), transmiral mean pressure gradient(r=0.61) and mitral valve area(r=-0.54), NYHA functional classification(r=0.36). However, the pulmonary vascular bed gradient and pulmonary vascular resistance was not significantly correlated with age, sex, cardiac output, the severity of mitral regurgitation and mean left atrial pressure. 2) The mean pulmonary artery pressure was significantly correlated with mean left atrial pressure(r=0.80), transmitral mean pressure gradient(r=0.72) and mitral valve area(r=-0.47). 3) When patients were divided into those with a pulmonary vascular bed gradient > 12mmHg and Atrial Pressure ; Cardiac Output ; Echocardiography ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Heart Diseases ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Mitral Valve ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis* ; Pulmonary Artery ; Vascular Resistance

Brain SPECT with Tc-99m-Glucoheptonate(GH) and Tc-99m-HMPAO were performed in 41 patients with brain tumors to determine the difference of uptake ratio in various histological type of tumors. SPECT studies were carried out with a rotating gamma camera in 60 minutes after intravenous injection of 15mCi of Tc-99m-GH and Tc-99m-HMPAO respectively. We counted tumor/skull(T/S) ratio on Tc-99m-GH SPECT(30 cases) and tumor/normal(T/N) ratio on Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT(33 cases) by the use of ROI(Region of Interest) analysis. In our present study, we obtained positive uptake scans in all cases of brain tumors performed Tc-99m-GH SPECT and there was statistically significant correlation among certain type of tumor and uptake ratio. On Tc-99m-HMPAO SPECT, most of brain tumors showed decreased uptake, even in the tumors showing increased vascularity on angiographys and no definite correlation was found between tumor type and uptake ratio. Conclusively, brain SPECT with Tc-99m-GH is considered to be simple but very sensitive method in detecting brain tumors and has some value in preoperative differentiation of tumor types. Tc99m-HMPAO SPECT could be used as a tool of predicting the response to chemotherapy or radiation therapy if it was performed preoperatively and during the postoperative course.
Brain Neoplasms* ; Brain* ; Drug Therapy ; Gamma Cameras ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Major surgeries such as total hip arthroplasty are likely to be associated with high incidences of perioperative morbidity and mortality, which may be compounded by the increased risk of heavy bleeding. It has been reported that these complications may occur more commonly when general, rather than spinal anesthesia is used. This study was undertaken to investigate whether spinal anesthesia is clinically safer than general anesthesia undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Forty-one patients were classified randomly into 2 groups to compare the effects of spinal versus general anesthesia on blood pressure, pulse rate, amounts of blood loss and transfusion, and complications in total hip arthroplasty. In general anesthesia groups, systolic blood pressure significantly increased from the baseline of 125.6+/-14.4 mmHg to 137.2+/-12.7 mmHg at 10 minutes post-induction (p<0.05). Pulse rate also increased from the baseline of 75.2+/-1.6 beats/min to 90.3+/-8.0 beats/min at 10 minutes post- induction. In spinal anesthesia group, systolic blood pressure significantly decreased from the baseline of 121.5+/-11.5 mmHg to 113.4+/-15.8 mmHg at 10 minutes post-induction (p<0.05). Pulse rate also decreased from the baseline 78.6+/-11.9 beats/min to 74.2+/-5.2 beats/min at 10 minutes post-induction. After 10 minutes post-induction, systolic blood pressure and pulse rate became stable in both groups. The amount of intraoperative blood loss was less in spinal anesthesia group (510+/-140 ml) than in the g anesthesia group (720+/-150 ml). However, difference in the amount of blood transfused was not significant in the two groups. Postoperative hemoglobin values showed a marked decreases in both group. The complication rates were similar in both groups. It appears that blood loss during total bip arthroplasty is less in the spinal than general anesthesia group. However, other clinical variables investigated are not significantly different in the two groups.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthesia, Spinal* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Blood Pressure ; Heart Rate ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Incidence ; Mortality

Scrotal swelling may be acute or chronic, painful or painless. Common causes of scrotal swelling in newborns are hydrocele, inguinal hernia, testicular torsion, testicular tumor, scrotal hematoma, meconium peritonitis and epididymitis. Abrupt onset of a painful scrotal swelling necessitates prompt evaluation. Testicular torsion and incarcerated inguinal hernia require urgent surgical management. We report a case of scrotal swelling caused by a tunica vaginalis abscess in a 20-days-old boy. He was admitted to the hospital due to fever, irritability and left scrotal swelling with local heat, tenderness and redness. Exploratory laparotomy was performed to rule out testicular torsion. On the operative field, congestive erythematous inflammation on the left tunica vaginalis was noted and it was filled with a pus like discharge. The cultured organism was Streptococcus agalactiae(group B). He recovered quickly after debridement and administration of empirical antibiotics.
Abscess* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Debridement ; Epididymitis ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Fever ; Hematoma ; Hernia, Inguinal ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflammation ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Meconium ; Peritonitis ; Spermatic Cord Torsion ; Streptococcus ; Suppuration

To elucidate iron utilization patterns of Staphylococcus aureus according to the growth, we checked the residual iron concentration and the production of siderophores at the indicated times while culturing S. aureus ATCC 6538 and 25923 strains in brain heart infusion broth. By using streptonigrin susceptibility test and investigating growth curves in three culture media of which iron concentration is 0.2, 20, 45 uM, respectively, we found out that iron metabolism of 6538 strain was more active than that of 25923 strain. In point of tendency of iron consumption, 6538 strain steeply consumed iron just before the onset of stationary phase, but 25923 strain did gradually iron throughout the growth phase. Nevertheless, total amount of iron consumed by each strain during the growth was almost no difference between the strains. CAS diffusion assay in detecting siderophores showed that siderophore production followed iron consumption. These results suggest that the siderophores play significant role in iron utilization in vitro.
Brain ; Culture Media ; Diffusion ; Heart ; Iron* ; Metabolism ; Siderophores ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Streptonigrin