Rheumatoid arthritis is considered to be a collagen disease which mainly involves articular structures, sometimes has extraarticular manifestations. It is generally accepted now that periarticular osteoporosis develops in early phase of rheumatoid arthritis and generalized osteoporosis in late period. Of several methods of non-invasive measurement of bone mass, single photon absorptiometry was introduced by Cameron and Sorenson(1963) and it has been used for measuring bone mass by many authors with its precision, reproducibility and objective quantification. We tried to observe the quantitative changes of bone mass in rheumatoid arthritis patients with single photon absorptiometry technique. Through the study of bone densitometry in 30 rheumatoid arthritic women compared with age-matched 60 healthy controls, we obtained follow results. 1. Bone mineral density of the rheumatoid arthritis group was lower than that of the control group, but had no significant statistical difference. 2. Bone mineral density of the 40–49-year-old group and 50–59-year-old group was considerablely different in the rheumatoid arthritis group and control group. 3. Bone mineral density of the group whose rheumatoid arthritis history was over 2 year was lower than that of the group below 2 year.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Bone Density ; Collagen Diseases ; Densitometry ; Female ; Humans ; Osteoporosis

No abstract available.
Arthroplasty* ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip* ; Head* ; Hemiarthroplasty* ; Necrosis*

We reviewed 40 cases of femoral shaft fractures in children treated with split Russel traction and initial fracture angulation above 10 degree. The treatment of femoral shaft fractures in children is various according to age. Satisfactory results have been reported with split-Russel traction. At an average follow-up of 33 months, we obtained following results about remodelling of fracture site & physeal site, possible acceptable angulation of fracture. 1. The average time of traction was 18 days, and hip spica cast was applied for 28 days. 2. Malunion within 25degrees in flexion & 23degrees in valgus & 24degrees in varus was well corrected spontaneously. 3. Average correction of initial angular deformity was 86% at last follow up. 4. Anterior angulation was corrected at 83%, varus 87%, valgus 88%. 5. Remodelling according to direction of deformity was no statistical correlation (P>0.05), and then spontaneous correction of angular deformity was same without relation to direction of deformity. 6. Remodelling according to site was statistical correlation (P<0.05), fracture site 26%, physes 74%. And proximal physes 36%, distal physes 38%.
Child* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Traction*

Attention is a phenomenon hard to define, but can be conceptualized as a mental function ranging from sustaining readiness to perceive stimuli to understanding the nature and value and selecting stimuli that are most relevant to the given situation. Manifestations of attention include vigilance, and focused, directed, selective, divided, and sustained attentions. While basic attentional tone is controlled by the interaction among reticular activating system, thalamus, and prefrontal cortex, direction and selection of attention is controlled by neural circuits of prefrontal, posterior parietal, and limbic cortex. It is expected that understanding of attention and its neural could provide answers to the relationship between pathophysiology and clinical symptoms of some major psychiatric disorders. More effort are required to develop tools to assess more detailed and various aspects of attention in Korea.
Attention ; Korea ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Rabeprazole ; Thalamus

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10* ; Molecular Biology*

We investigated the occurrence of color vision loss in 70 organic solvent mixtures exposed workers and in 47 controls. Color Vision was assessed with a color arrangement test designed to identify the defective color sense, the Han Double 15-Hue Test. The results of the test were no significant difference between exposed workers and controls in the proportion of subjects who committed one or two errors. Quantitative analysis, using color confusion index(CCI), showed no signifiant difference between exposed workers and controls. A significant linear correlation was present between age and CCI in both exposed workers(CCi=0.0056age + 0.94; r=0.23; p<0.05) and controls(CCI=0.0066age + 0.86; r=0.33; p<0.05). Qualitative analysis of the patterns on the hue circle showed that the prevalence of acquired dyschromatopsia was 21% in both and no significant difference. Multiple regression analyses showed that age was significantly related to color vision loss. These results did not provide evidence of a relationship between organic solvents exposure and incidence of color vision loss. In field studies for monitor the people at risk of the acquired color vision loss involving low-dose organic solvents exposed workers, both quantitative and qualitative information should be considered.
Color Vision ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Solvents

The authors analized the 98 cases of cervical spine injuries without fracture or dislocation by hyperflexion/hyperextension of the neck. The peak incidence of the age was in the second to fourth decades(69.4%). There was a male preponderance with a sex ratio of. 1.8 : 1. Sources of trauma were motor vehicle accident, object falling on and motorcycle accident in the order of frequency. The common mechanisms of injury were flexion-extension, extension and flexion injury in the order of frequency. There were 10 cases of cervical cord injury without fracture or dislocation and operative management was given in 6 cases of them. The most common preexisting disease was congenital cervical stenosis. Surgical modality such as laminectomy, laminoplasty and anterior decompressive procedure made them improved. The authors discuss the mechanism of injury and surgical management of the patients with cervical cord injury in the absence of concomittent fracture or dislocation.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Dislocations* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Laminectomy ; Male ; Motor Vehicles ; Motorcycles ; Neck ; Preexisting Condition Coverage ; Sex Ratio ; Spine*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

BACKGROUND: Our study aimed to make a comparative analysis of clinical outcomes of arthroscopic decompression for rotator cuff calcific tendinitis by location of calcific deposits and by its size. METHODS: We enrolled a total of 38 patients, comprising 39 affected shoulders, who underwent arthroscopic decompression for calcific tendinitis. As our clinical scores, we evaluated the UCLA, the ASES, and the VAS scores and analyzed them by calcific location, by calcific deposit size, by the presence or absence of calcific remnants, and by whether concomitant cuff repair was performed. RESULTS: The clinical scores of those whose calcific deposit had an area greater than 77.0 mm2 and of those whose calcific deposit had an area smaller than 77.0 mm2 did not significantly differ (p=0.21 in ASES; p=0.19 in UCLA; p=0.17 in VAS). Nor did the clinical scores significantly differ with respect to the location of calcification (p=0.23). Further, the clinical scores did not significantly differ between those who had calcific remnants and those who did not and between those who received additional cuff repair and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: We found that the clinical outcomes after arthroscopic decompression of calcific tendinitis were not significantly associated with the cuff tendon in which the calcium deposits are found; the location of the calcium deposits in the supraspinatus tendon (if found in this tendon); the size of calcific deposits; the presence of calcific remnants; and concomitant cuff repairs.
Calcium ; Decompression ; Humans ; Rotator Cuff ; Shoulder* ; Tendinopathy* ; Tendons

The authors studied on anxiety, using Zung's self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), on the subjects of 329 men and 522 women of 60 years old and older. This study was carried out for 8 months from November 1983 to June 1984 in the area of Seoul, Taegu and Kyungsan Gun, Kungpook province. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the means of total anxiety scores between the two groups of men and women. The anxiety scores in items of sweating, apprehension, dyspnea, restlessness and insomnia were relatively high in both groups. The scores of faintness, panic, fear, tremor and facial flushing were low in both groups. Among 329 men, 48 (14.6%) showed rather serious anxiety level of score 50 or higher, while 153 of 522 women (29.4%) showed the same score. Among these psychosocial factors, supporter, living, place, religion and security system are significantly related with anxiety scores in both groups (p<0.01).
Anxiety* ; Daegu ; Dyspnea ; Female ; Flushing ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health* ; Panic ; Psychology ; Psychomotor Agitation ; Seoul ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Tremor