A study was made of the respiratory effects of acute carbon monoxide poisoning in mongrel dogs. In this study the dogs were divided into two groups, namely the control and the experimental. In the experimental group, carbon monoxide poisoning was induced by the rebreathing of about 2% carbon monoxide gas mixture for 15 minutes, and the respiratory functions in this group were compared to those in the control group. A significant increase in the minute ventilation was noted in both the control and the experimental groups, and in the latter there was an increase in the respiratory rate and a decrease in the tidal volume compared to those in the control group. In both groups, oxygen consumption showed no significant change and there was a fall in the arterial carbon dioxide tension, but the carbon dioxide elimination was slightly lower in the experimental group.
Animals ; Carbon Dioxide ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Dogs ; Oxygen Consumption ; Respiratory Rate ; Tidal Volume ; Ventilation

No abstract available.
Child, Preschool* ; Hodgkin Disease* ; Humans ; Male*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE:To describe the features of displaced bucket-handle tears of the menisci on magnetic resonance (MR) images and to assess associated knee injuries. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed coronal and sagittal MR images in 21 bucket-handle tears. The subjects were patients who had underwent preoperative MR evaluations of the knee and were identified from the arthroscopic surgical records as bucket-handle tear. We also described patterns of associated injuries. RESULTS:On coronal MR images, (a) in all cases, peripheral portion of the meniscus(bucket) had the appearance of a truncated or altered wedge;(b) central fragments(handle) were observed to be sitting in the intercondylar notch(16 cases) or located between the fernoral condyle and tibial plateau (5 cases). On sequential sagittal MR images, (c) the bow-tie appearance of the body of the meniscus was not seen (13 cases);(d) the bow-tie appearance of the displaced inner fragment was seen at the intercondylar notch level (9 cases);(e) "double posterior cruciate ligament" sign was presented (7 cases). Associated joint abnormalities included anterior cruciate ligament tears(l 1), contralateral meniscal tears(l 1), posterior cruciate ligament tears(3), medial collateral ligament tears(3), osteoarthritis(1), and Baker's cyst(l). CONCLUSION:Awareness of these characteristic MR findings(a-e) may increase the sensitivity of MR imaging in the diagnosis of displaced bucket-handle tears, and the MRI may be helpful to correctly characterize the displaced fragment and patterns of associated injury, providing arthroscopists a guide to appropriate surgical plans.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ; Collateral Ligaments ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee ; Knee Injuries ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Posterior Cruciate Ligament ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Hepatolenticular Degeneration*

PURPOSE: Intracavernous injection of prostaglandin (PG) E1 or papaverine (PA) is widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction. Because these drugs are sometimes associated with insufficient erection in and side effects such as priapism, corporal fibrosis, and pain, there has been increasing interest in finding effective and safe alternatives. Recent studies demonstrated that pinacidil (PI) relaxes the smooth muscle. This study was performed to examine the efficacy of PI as an alternative or supplement to drugs such as PG, PA, or phentolamine (PT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 28 adult male cats, the maximal intracavernous pressure (ICPmax), time to ICPmax (T1/2) and duration of increased ICP (time) in response to intracavernous injection of PG, PA, or mixture of vasoactive drugs (PA + PT, PA + PG + PT) were compared with the responses to mixtures containing PI (PI + PA, PI + PA + PT,
Adult ; Animals ; Cats ; Diagnosis ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Papaverine ; Penile Erection ; Penis ; Phentolamine ; Pinacidil* ; Potassium Channels ; Priapism

No abstract available.

Bodycomposition measurement is useful in the diagnosis of pathology, assessment of disease process and response to treatement in many endoclonologic and metabolic diseases. The Techniques used currently are mostly indirect, often expensive, difficult and time-consuming. A new method for estimation of body composition, infrared interactance, is rapid, safe, noninvasive, and may be useful in research and clinical studies. Body composition was assessed in 51 children and adolescants with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus by infrared interactance method using a Futrex 5000A body fat content analyzer. Percentage body fat of pubertal girls was 26.1+/-7.6%, significantly greater than prepubertal girls (17.9%, 0<0.01) and pubertal boys (19.9%, p<0.05). Body fat content was increased through puberty in girls. but not increased in boys. Our data do not explain why body fat of pubertal boys was not increased. There was no significant association of insulin dose and HbA1C level with percentage body fat. Thus, we had to attempt measure calorie intake, activity level and diet composition. Our data revealed that dietary carbohydrates may prompt fat deposition, but energy balance does not explain the differences between pubertal girls and boys. In conclusion, Body fat increased through puberty in girls, but the etiology of differences in pubertal girls and boys is not clear, and in view of potential adverse effect of fat depostion of long-term health, further larger case-contolled study will be necessary.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent* ; Body Composition* ; Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1* ; Diagnosis ; Diet ; Dietary Carbohydrates ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin ; Metabolic Diseases ; Pathology ; Puberty

Urethroplasty for posterior urethral stricture has almost always been technically difficult mainly due to the limited exposure of the operative field which is positioned above the urogenital diaphragm and behind the pubis. Transpubic approach for the urethroplasty allows excellent exposure upon the stricture without violating the sphincter nor causing any orthopedic by an omental pedicle graft. But in case or previous abdominal surgery or peritonitis, omentum can not be utilized for the flap due to adhesion. We have experienced a case of posterior urethral stricture who underwent transpubic urethroplasty with rectus muscle flap for replacement of the dead space due to previous abdominal surgery. The result of the operation was satisfactory without any complications such as incontinence or stricture. We believe that replacement of dead space with rectus muscle flap should be given a consideration as an alternative method to omental pedicle graft during transpubic urethroplasty.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Diaphragm ; Omentum ; Orthopedics ; Peritonitis ; Transplants ; Urethral Stricture

The authors retrospectively reviewed the efficacy of percutaneous catheter drainage in treatment of abdominal abscess associated with fistulas. One hundred sixty four consecutive patients with abdominal abscesses drained percutaneously since 1985 at department of Radiology, Wonkwang University Hospital were studied. Among these, 13 patients were found to have fistulous communications to the biliary duct, the intestinal tract, or the renal calyx. Eleven patients (85%) were successfully treated without surgical intervention while two patients (15%) needed surgical drainage and fistulectomy. The duration of drainage ranged from 7 days to 9 months. Initial drainage of abdominal abscess was performed in the hospital, but 5 of 13 patients were discharged with a tube in place and were followed up as outpatients. In conclusion, percutaneous catheter drainage is an effective and safe means of treating abdominal abscesses with fistulas.
Abdominal Abscess* ; Catheters* ; Drainage* ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Outpatients ; Retrospective Studies