BACKGROUND: Urinary retention is the most common complication after perianal surgery. The authors tried to evaluate the influence of the types and duration of the operation and the types of anesthesia on the incidence of urinary retention. METHODS: The medical and anesthetic records of 106 patients were reviewed retrospectively. They got perianal surgerys after recieving one of the regional blocks; 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine 5~8 mg intrathecally, or 2% lidocaine 300 mg with epinephrine 5 g/ml caudally. The incidences of urinary retention were compared with each other by Chi-square test and Student t-test, according to the above mentioned points. RESULTS: Fifty percent of these patients underwent urinary catheterization. The incidence of urinary retention after hemorrhoidectomy (56.6%) was higher than that of other anorectal procedures (p<0.05, Chi-square test). The longer operating time was associated with urinary retention (p<0.05, Student t-test). The influence of local anesthetics (bupivacaine, tetracaine, and lidocaine) was absent (p>0.05, Chi-square test), but the difference between spinal and caudal anesthesia was slightly significant (p<0.05, Chi-square test), i.e. the incidence of urinary retention after caudal anesthesia was low. CONCLUSIONS: Short duration of operation, less traumatized perianal surgery, and caudal anesthesia are thought to lead to the lower incidence of urinary retention.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, Caudal ; Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anesthetics, Local ; Bupivacaine ; Epinephrine ; Hemorrhoidectomy ; Humans ; Incidence ; Lidocaine ; Retrospective Studies ; Tetracaine ; Urinary Catheterization ; Urinary Catheters ; Urinary Retention*

No abstract available.
Lymphangioma, Cystic*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of common three photon energies (6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV) on intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) plans to treat prostate cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients with prostate cancer treated locally to 81.0 Gy were retrospectively studied. 6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV IMRT plans for each patient were generated using suitable planning objectives, dose constraints, and 8-field setting. The plans were analyzed in terms of dose-volume histogram for the target coverage, dose conformity, organs at risk (OAR) sparing, and normal tissue integral dose. RESULTS: Regardless of the energies chosen at the plans, the target coverage, conformity, and homogeneity of the plans were similar. However, there was a significant dose increase in rectal wall and femoral heads for 6-MV compared to those for 10-MV and 15-MV. The V20 Gy of rectal wall with 6-MV, 10-MV, and 15-MV were 95.6%, 88.4%, and 89.4% while the mean dose to femoral heads were 31.7, 25.9, and 26.3 Gy, respectively. Integral doses to the normal tissues in higher energy (10-MV and 15-MV) plans were reduced by about 7%. Overall, integral doses in mid and low dose regions in 6-MV plans were increased by up to 13%. CONCLUSION: In this study, 10-MV prostate IMRT plans showed better OAR sparing and less integral doses than the 6-MV. The biological and clinical significance of this finding remains to be determined afterward, considering neutron dose contribution.
Head ; Humans ; Neutrons ; Organs at Risk ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Estradiol* ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnancy, Ectopic* ; Progesterone*

We report two cases of multiple neurilemmomas occured in a 17-year-old female and in a 76-year-old male. Both cases were histopathologically confirmed as neurilemmoma and immunohistochemical study showed S-100 protein in the tumor cells of case 1.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma* ; S100 Proteins

We report two cases of multiple neurilemmomas occured in a 17-year-old female and in a 76-year-old male. Both cases were histopathologically confirmed as neurilemmoma and immunohistochemical study showed S-100 protein in the tumor cells of case 1.
Adolescent ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma* ; S100 Proteins

BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is serious acute metabolic complication and the most important cause of high morbidity and mortality of diabetes. The object of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with DKA who had a prior history of diabetes or not. METHOD: Authors reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 49 cases adimitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 1991 to June 1997 with a diagnosis of DKA and classified cases as type I, type II and newly diagnosed diabetics according to prior history of diabetes. RESULTS: 1. Of 49 cases of DKA, 24(49%) were classified as type I, 17(35%) as type II from data available in the medical records, and 8(16%) had DKA as the initial manifestation of the disease. 2. The male to female ratio was 0.5 : 1 in type I, 1.1 : 1 in type II and 1.7 : 1 in newly diagnosed diabetics, and the mean age was 24.4 in type I, 57.9 in type II and 23.9 years old in newly diagnosed diabetics. 3. The mean duration between initial diagnosis of diabetes and the occurrence of DKA was 2.6 in type I and 6.9 years in type II diabetes. The occurrence of DKA within 2 years of initial diagnosis of diabetes was 54% in type I and 18% in type II diabetes, but the occurrence of DKA after 5 years of initial diagnosis of diabetes was 17% in type I and 47% in type II diabetes. 4. The precipitating factors of DKA were identified in 88% in type I, 76% in type II and 38% in newly diagnosed diabetics, and the most common precipitating factor was omission of treatment in both type I and type II(type I: 56%, type II: 35%). 5. The altered mental status was correlated with increased osmolality (p<0.05), but not with other laboratory values such as pH, bicabonate, glucose, anion gap and dehydration status(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to conduct early aggressive evaluation for early diagnosis and proper treatment of DKA, because DKA occurs in patients with prior history of type II diabetes and without prior diabetic history as well as patients with prior history of type I diabetes.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Dehydration ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Glucose ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Osmolar Concentration ; Precipitating Factors ; Retrospective Studies

The funding acknowledgment in this article was omitted as published.

No abstract available.
Gastric Mucosa* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter*

A clinical and histologic survey was done on 71 cases of basal cel carcinoma(BCC) filed at Department of Clinical Fathology, Kang Nam, Han Kang, and Kang Dong Sacred Heart Hospital during past 13 year s from 1979 to 1991. The results were summerized as follows: 1. Of all malignant skin tumors BCC accounted for 31.6%. The frequency of BCC in the total number of outpatients visiting the Department of Dermatology was 0.06%. 2. The ratio of men to women with HCC was 1:1.03. 83.8% of the pat.ients with BCC were older than the age of l0 years with the mean age of 56.9 years. 3. 83.8% of the BCC appared in the face, especially on the nose(25.4%), eyelid(20.3%). 4. On the basis of classification of Lever et al, the solid type(66.7% ) was the most com mon histologic pattern, followed by the adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification of Farmer et al, the nodulocystic type(35.1% ) was the most common histologic pattern followed by infiltrative(31.6%), adenoid(8.8%), pigmented(8.8%), and etc. By the classification on Sexton et al, in the order of decreasing frequency, liistologic subtypes were the nodular(43.9%), mixed (22.8%), infiltrative(19.3%), supeficial(3.5%), morpheic(3.5%), and micronodular(3.5%).
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Classification ; Dermatology ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Skin