This study was designed to evaluate the biological behavior of the dysplastic lesion of the stomach by applying immunohistochemical method for bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd). The results obtained were as follows. 1) In most hyperplastic and dysplastic lesions, the proliferative cell zones, loci of BrdUrd-labelled cells, were found in the upper later of the mucosa, whereas they were confined to the neck zone in the normal gastric mucosa. 2) The labelling indices (LIs), percentages of BrdUrd-labelled cells, were 11.0% to 13.6% in the normal gastric mucosa, and were 14.3% to 17.9%, 16.4% to 19.2% and 17.4% to 20.7% in the simple hyperplasia, in the atypical hyperplasia and in the dysplasia, respectively. These findings suggested that proliferative potential in hyperplasia and dysplasia were greater than that in normal gastric mucosa, the higher the grade of dysplasia being, the greater the proliferative potentials.

p53 gene mutation is commonly accepted to be associated with loss of negative cell cycle control and progression of tumors. The proliferative activity of tumor cells is considered to be a valuable indicator of tumor aggressiveness. This study is intended to compare p53 protein expression with cell proliferation rates in the ovarian epithelial tumors according to the various clinicopathological parameters. Immunohistochemistry using monoclonal p53 antibody (DO-1) and PCNA antibody (PC10) was applied to 56 cases of ovarian epithelial tumors including 17 cases of borderline tumor. The results were as follows. Both immunohistochemical staining of PCNA and p53 protein showed positive reactions confined to the nuclei of tumor cells. There were significant differences of p53 protein expression rates between borderline malignancies (11.8%) and cystadenocarcinomas (56.4%) of ovary. The expression rate of p53 protein was not significantly different according to the differentiation and the stage, but the cases of strong positive reaction to p53 protein were more frequently noted in the poorly differentiated and advanced staged tumors. The PCNA indices of p53 strong positive cases were higher than those of p53 weak positive cases. In summary, p53 protein and PCNA expression may be used as an adjuvant in differentiating borderline lesions from carcinomas of ovary and predicting their biological behaviors.
Cell Cycle Checkpoints ; Cell Proliferation ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Female ; Genes, p53 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ovary ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen*

To evaluate correlation between the amount of oncogene products in tumor cell extracts and malignant potentiality in breast tumor, immunohistochemical staining for the ras Oncogene products was performed in the sections of benign and malignant lesions of the breast. The results obtained were as follows: 1) The positive reaction to ras Oncogene products was usually observed in the cytoplasm and cell membrane. 2) The ratio of positive reaction was 30.4% in epithelial hyperplasia of fibrocystic disease, 26.5% in fibroadenoma. 49.5% in intraductal carcinoma 71.6% in infiltrating ductal carcinoma, 85.2% in metastatic infiltrating ductal carcinoma, and 89.7% in relatively preserved neighboring lobules of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In conclusion, the ras oncogene products are found by a significantly higher ratio in the more aggressive lesions, and the infiltrating ductal carcinoma might represent its potential of malignant transformation. 3) The expression of ras oncogene was heterogeneous in primary as well as metastatic mammary carcinomas.
Neoplasm Metastasis

The Di(a+b-) phenotype is extremely rare among Caucaclans and mostly confined to mongoloids. The incidences of Di antigen among Koreans were reported to be 6.1 to 14.5%, with an average of 9.6%; it can be calculated that the frequency of Di(a+b-) is 0.25% on the average. Authors report the first case of hemolytic disease of the newborn due to anti-Dib in Korea. The Diego phenotypes of the mother, baby and father were Di(a+b-), Di(a+b+) and Di (a-b+), respectively. The mother's serum and eluate from infant's erythrocytes contained anti-DP antibody active in the antiglobulin phase. After transfusions of Di-negative red cells from the mother and mother's relative, the patient was recovered from anemia and jaundice.
Anemia ; Erythrocytes ; Fathers ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Mothers ; Phenotype

Angioedema is a well-demarcated localized edema involving the deeper layers of the skin, including the subcutaneous tissue. Angioedema occurs with Cl esterase inhibitor (Cl INH) deficiency that may be inborn as an autosomal dominant characteristic or may be acquired. Acquired angioedema (AAE) is a rare disorder characterized by adult onset and lack of evidence of inheritance of the disease. Two types of AAE are known today: type I in which there are lowering of functional Cl INH, an underlying disease such as a B-cell disease, and no detectable autoantibodies to Cl INH, type II with anti Cl INH autoantibodies in the circulation without detectable underlying disease and with depressed functional Cl INH levels. We experienced a case of angioedema in a 29-year old man. He had no family history of angioedema and laboratory data showed depressed Cl-INH levels. We diagnosed the case as acquired type of angioedema. Even though we could not measure anti-Cl INH auto-antibodies, we identified the case as type II because there was no evidence of underlying disease.
Adult ; Angioedema* ; Angioedemas, Hereditary* ; Autoantibodies ; B-Lymphocytes ; Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein* ; Complement C1s* ; Edema ; Humans ; Skin ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; Wills

Cold agglutinins are serum autoantibodies activated at reduced body temperatures to produce red blood cell agglutination and hemolysis. They are commonly found in the sera of healthy people but rarely become clinically important, because most of them exist at very low titers, and exert their greatest effect at low temperatures. By contrast, during open heart surgery, systemic hypothermia and cold cardioplegia are commonly used, and cold agglutinins can be a appreciable threat. This report describes a patient with documented cold agglutinins who successfully underwent atrial septal defect closure and patent ductus arteriosus ligation by normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass in an effort to avoid the adverse effects of hypothermia.
Agglutination ; Agglutinins ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune* ; Autoantibodies ; Body Temperature ; Cardiopulmonary Bypass ; Ductus Arteriosus, Patent ; Erythrocytes ; Heart Arrest, Induced ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart* ; Hemolysis ; Humans ; Hypothermia ; Ligation ; Thoracic Surgery*

Angioedema is a non-pitting edema that occurs in the skin and mucus membranes. It is known that major etiologies include hereditary deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor, temperature extreme, trauma, food sensitivity, and medications such as penicillin, aspirin, NSAIDS and ACE inhibitors. ACE inhibitors are blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and increasing local levels of bradykinin, a potent vasodilator. This increased bradykinin has been theorized to cause angioedema and cough in patients on ACE inhibitors. However, there has been very few causes of angioedema induced by angiotensin II receptor blocker. This is the first report of a patient presenting angioedema induced by losartan -angiotensin II receptor blocker- in this century.
Angioedema* ; Angiotensin I ; Angiotensin II ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; Aspirin ; Bradykinin ; Cough ; Edema ; Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II ; Humans ; Losartan* ; Membranes ; Mucus ; Penicillins ; Receptors, Angiotensin ; Skin

Neurofascin, one of the members of L1CAM, has been known to have some important roles during the development of nerve fibers. In order to investigate the role of neurofascin associated with the development of nerve fibers in the rat sciatic nerve, the initial development of NF155 in the paranode was studied with immuno-fluorescence and immuno-electron microscopy. The result of the present study showed NF155 was not detected in the fetal sciatic nerve and began to reveal at the postnatal day 0 (P0) and dramatically increased by time lapse until postnatal day 7 (P7). NF155 was prominently localized in the axolemma of paranode and not detected in the central region of node of Ranvier. According to the present study, NF155 is likely to have some relationships with the formation of paranode and myelin sheath.
Animals ; Immunohistochemistry ; Microscopy, Immunoelectron ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Fibers ; Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 ; Rats ; Sciatic Nerve

We report a case of a female karyotype that was normal except for double minutes (dmin) in acute myeloid leukemia. Using fluorescence in situ hybridization, the amplification of C-MYC was detected in both interphase and metaphase cells. The patient of the present case had received only limited therapy with cytosine arabinoside, but lived for more than one year. It supports the recent notion that dmin may not necessarily be associated with a poor outcome.
Cytarabine ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Interphase ; Karyotype* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* ; Metaphase ; Oncogenes*

We report a case of chronic myelogenous leukemia displaying a variant Philadelphia translocation t(11;22)(q25;q11.2). Breakpoint 11q25 has not previously been reported. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and fluorescence in-situ hybridization demonstrated the BCR/ABL rearrangement.
Fluorescence ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive* ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction