The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing perceived oral health in elderly individuals residing in the community.

In unanesthetized rabbits, alcohol, glyserin, or heavy water was injected intravenously and nystagmic reaction elicited by passive alteration of body position was recorded by means of nystagmography, and the specific direction of the nystagmus was also observed. The following results were obtained 1. After Injection of alcohol (2.5~3.5ml/kg), right sloe down or lelf side down position elicited nystagmus in both eyes (FAN I) Right sloe down position elicited supero-dorsal nystagmus in the ipsilateral eye anti Infero-central nystagmus In the contralateral eye Left side down position produced nystagmus towards reversed directions 2. Returning to neutral position from one sloe down also elicited nystagmus towards the same direction. 3 From 5~6 hours after Injection of alcohol, the direction of the positional nystagmus was reversed, manifesting phase II of the PAN (PANII) 4. Injection of glycerin (2.0~3.0ml/kg) or heavy water (2.0~25ml/kg) also elicited positional nystagmus. The direction of the nystagmus was the same as and opposite to that Induced by alcohol Injection
Deuterium Oxide* ; Glycerol* ; Nystagmus, Physiologic* ; Rabbits

PURPOSE: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and is frequently associated with coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Conventional Doppler technique is limited by the absence of an adequate apical window to assess the transmitral flow in obese patients. Tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) and strain rate imaging(SRI) were performed to assess the influence of obesity on left ventricular systolic function. METHODS: In 13 obese and 15 normal adolescents aged 16 to 17 years, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), and obesity index(OI) were measured. Fat mass, body fat percent, and abdominal fat percent were estimated by bioelectrical impedance. Ejection fraction(EF) and myocardial performance index(MPI) were estimated by conventional echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular systolic function. Systolic myocardial velocity and strain rate were estimated by TDI and SRI. RESULTS: EF(63.8+/-6.4% vs 55.7+/-3.4%) was significantly lower in obese adolescents than normal controls. MPI(0.34+/-0.03 vs 0.48+/-0.06) was significantly higher in obese adolescents than normal controls. Systolic myocardial velocity and strain rate were significantly lower in obese adolescents than normal controls. Strain rate showed a negative correlation with arm circumference(r=-0.558, P<0.05) and BMI(r=-0.332, P<0.05). Strain rate was positively correlated with EF(r=0.557, P<0.05) at the base of left ventricle by SRI CONCLUSION: Significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function was noted in the moderate degree of obesity. SRI may be a more useful diagnostic tool in evaluating systolic dysfunction in patients with moderate degree of obesity.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent* ; Arm ; Body Weight ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Echocardiography ; Electric Impedance ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Obesity ; Risk Factors

To analyze the effects of the characteristics of the systolic anterior motion(SAM) of the mitral valve on the left ventricular outflow pressure gradient and to determine the relation between the anatomical characteristics of the left ventricle and the left ventricular outflow pressure gradient, mitral valve and left ventricular M mode echocardiogram and continuous wave Doppler echocardiogram of the left ventricular outflow tract were recorded in 7 patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM), aged 19 to 66 years(mean 37 years). Mitral-septal distance at the closest apposition(S-SAM;1.1+/-2mm), duration of mitral-septal apposition(89+/-20 msec), time interval from the peak of the R-wave to initial apposition of the mitral valve against the interventricular septum(R-SAM interval ; 222+/-32 msec) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT; 1.1+/-0.5mm) were observed on mitral valve and left ventricular M-mode echocardiograms and peak flow velocity in the left ventricular outflow(V-LVOT; 3.5+/-1.5 m/sec) was measured from the Doppler echocardiograms of the left ventricular outflow tract. V-LVOT was correlated significantly with degree of mitral-septal apposition(r=-0.70, p<0.05), duration of mitral-septal apposition(r=0.74, P<0.05), R-SAM interval(r=-0.80, p<0.05) and LVPWT(r=0.78, p<0.05). These results suggest that the closer apposition of mitral valve against interventricular septum, the more prolonged mitral-septal apposition, the earlier onset of SAM of the mitral valve and the thicker the left ventricular posterior wall, the more increase the LV outflow pressure gradient in HOCM.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mitral Valve*

PURPOSE: We studied penile size of children who underwent hypospadias repair. Also we surveyed the degree of satisfaction with, as judged by patient's parents and urologist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured the relaxed and erected penile size of children who underwent hypospadias repair and followed more than one year (28 cases of one stage repair and 20 cases of two stage repair). All of them had no complication. We used age adjusted ANOVA test for penile size, and Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test for comparison of satisfaction with penile appearance between one stage group and two stage group. RESULTS: Significant difference was noted between one stage group and two stage group for relaxed and erected penile length (p<0.05), but penile circumference was not (p>0.05). Two stage group showed statistically significant larger value than one stage group for glandular size, glandular shape, position of meatus, general appearance, and genital perception score as judged by patient's parents (p<0.05). And two stage group showed statistically larger value than one stage group for genital perception score judged by urologist (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that two stage operation met with better penile size and satisfaction judged by patient's parents and urologist than one stage operation for middle and posterior penile hypospadias.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypospadias* ; Male ; Parents

The congenital patent urachus is the failure of complete urachal lumen closure and results in a free communication between the bladder and the umbilicus. Embriologically the urachus represents the vestigial remnant of the allantois which, in the fetus, communicates with the cloaca. The first patient is a 6-day-old female infant, and she was transferred due to urine leakage from the reddish hen egg sized protruding mass on the umbilicus. The fistulogram showed a long fistulous tract which communicates with bladder and umbilicus. A complete resection of the patent urachus was done. The second patient is a 1-day-old male infant, and he was transferred for operation of omphalocele from local clinic. Urine leakage was detected from the urachus at operative field, and so complete resection of the urachus was performed, and the one stage repair was performed for treatment of mild intestinal herniation. Postoperative courses of the two cases were uneventful.
Allantois ; Cloaca ; Female ; Fetus ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Ovum ; Umbilicus ; Urachus* ; Urinary Bladder

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare diasease characterized by chronic infiltration of the lung with ~eosinophils, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. In 65% of cases, the chest rad Ogroaph shows typiical nonsegmental air-space consolidation confined to the outer third of the lung and in 25)/0 of case "photographic negative of pulmonary edema". Typical lung manifestations with 'peripheral eosinophiliSa' tahrcharacteristic of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. In the remaining cases, radiographic findings are nonspecific and require lung biopsy for confirmation. We repot a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia in which chest radiograph and CT scans revealed bilateral patchy or diffuse opacity with nodules scattered throughout the lungs.
Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Lung ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Inflammatory pseudotumor of urinary bladder is a rare benign entity that clinically and radiologically simulates a malignant tumor. This benign lesion can easily be mistaken for sarcoma, and only careful pathologic examination can provide a definite diagnosis. It is important to recognize this lesion as benign to avoid the potentially serious consequences of misdiagnosis. A 53-year-old man presented with a history of micturition pain and urinary frequency despite of symptomatic treatment with antibiotics for 2 weeks. Cystoscopic examination, ultrasonography and of revealed a well defined mass with central necrosis. The mass was located at the left lateral wall of the bladder, and it was 3x3 cm sized round shape. We suspected benign tumor by above diagnostic modalities and we confirmed inflammatory pseudotumor by frozen section of mass, followed by partial cystectomy was performed. Awareness of this unusual lesion is important to prevent unnecessary surgical procedure. We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder and reviewed 21 cases of this disease including our case.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cystectomy ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Frozen Sections ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Sarcoma ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urination

OBJECTIVE: To test if the intake of H2 receptor antagonists (H2-RAs) increases the risk of gastric cancer in the elderly. METHODS: The source population for this study was drawn from the responders to a questionnaire survey administered to the Korea Elderly Pharmacoepidemiological Cohort (KEPEC), who were beneficiaries of the Korean Medical Insurance Corporation, were at least 65 years old, and residing in Busan in 1993. The information on H2-RAs exposure was obtained from a drug prescription database compiled between Jan. 1993 and Dec. 1994. The cases consisted of 76 gastric cancer patients, as confirmed from the KMIC claims data, the National Cancer Registry and the Busan Cancer Registry. The follow-up period was from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1998. Cancer free controls were randomly selected by 1:4 individual matching, which took in to consideration the year of birth and gender. Information on confounders was collected by a mail questionnaire survey. The odds ratios, and their 95% confidence intervals, were calculated using a conditional logistic regression model. RESULTS: After adjusting for a history of gastric ulcer symptoms, medication history, and body mass index, the adjusted OR (aOR) was 4.6 (95% CI=1.72-12.49). The odds ratio of long term use (more than 7 days) was 2.3 (95% CI=1.07-4.82). The odds ratio of short term use was 4.6 (95% CI=1.26-16.50). The odds ratio of parenteral use was 4.4 (95% CI=1.16-17.05) and combination use between the oral and parenteral routes (aOR, 16.8; 95% CI=1.21-233.24) had the high risk of gastric cancer. The aOR of cimetidine was 1.7 (95% CI=1.04-2.95). The aOR of ranitidine was 2.0 (95% CI=1.21-3.40). The aOR of famotidine was 1.7 (95% CI=0.98-2.80). CONCLUSION: The intake of H2-RAs might increase the risk of gastric cancer through achlorhydria in the elderly.
Achlorhydria ; Aged* ; Body Mass Index ; Busan ; Case-Control Studies* ; Cimetidine ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Prescriptions ; Famotidine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Parturition ; Pharmacoepidemiology ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ranitidine ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach Ulcer

A retrospective analysis of 122 consecutive of rhegmatogenous retinal detatchment cases which obtained successful surgical results was performed. All the cases were followed for longer than 1 year postoperatively. 15 eyes (12.3%) developed macular pucker. There was no significant difference in sex distribution and mean age was 43.7 years. The mean lapse time between surgery and the development of macular pucker was 7.2 months. Significant factors for developing macular pucker were multiple operation, preoperative macular detachment, and duration of retinal detachment (longer than 1 month). Other factors such as subretirial fluid drainage and myopia were not significant. 9 of 15 eyes with macular pucker were treated with vitrectomy and visual acuity improved in 66.7% of surgically treated eyes. These results suggest that success with single surgical procedure, operation before macular detachment, and early treatment of retinal detachment are important for preventing postsurgical macular pucker.
Drainage ; Myopia ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy