No abstract available.
Constriction, Pathologic* ; Decompression* ; Laminectomy*

No abstract available.
Osteotomy*

Laryngeal trauma is rare compared to other head and neck traumas, but it occurs, it can be life threatening. As for treatment, a laryngeal fracture that involves displacement of cartilage or extensive injury requires appropriate surgical treatments. For severe laryngeal fractures, conservative management is usually preferred with placing a stent to prevent laryngeal stenosis. But the downside of placing stents in the larynx includes the risk of granulation and infection. In this report, the authors describe a 35-year-old patient, who was diagnosed with blunt laryngeal trauma and treated by Horizontal partial laryngectomy. The patient's post-operative breathing and voice were fair, and airway stenosis did not occur afterwards.
Adult ; Cartilage ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fractures, Cartilage ; Head ; Humans ; Laryngeal Cartilages ; Laryngectomy* ; Laryngostenosis ; Larynx ; Neck ; Respiration ; Stents ; Voice

Mucormycosis is one of the most fatal and rapidly progressive fungal infections in humans; among its many forms. rhinocerebral mucormycosis is the most common. It is known to occur as opportunistic infection in patients with uncontrolled diabetes, metabolic disorders, organ transplantation, or autoimmune disease with prolonged steroid use. Pott’s puffy tumor is the subperiosteal abscess of the frontal bone caused by trauma complication or frontal sinusitis. It is considered as a very rare complication since the dawn of antibiotic treatments. We report a case of chronic rhinocerebral mucormycosis involving Pott’s puffy tumor in a patient receiving immunosuppressive therapy after lung transplantation.

Olfaction is an important aspect of quality of life, beyond simply smelling food and recognizing danger. Recently, research has focused on its association with various diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases or viral infections. The evaluation of olfactory function must take into consideration the cultural experience of the target group. A new Korean culturefriendly olfactory function test, the YSK olfactory function test (YOF test, Kimex Co.), uses safe odorants, such as phenyl-ethyl alcohol (PEA) (not n-butanol), for the threshold test. Furthermore, odorants in the YOF identification test reflect each of eight major chemical functional groups. The diagnostic cut-off for anosmia was a Threshold Discrimination Identification (TDI) score of ≤14.5 and that for hyposmia was 14.5

OBJECTIVE: We previously reported excellent early and midterm clinical results of anterior cervical microforaminotomy (ACMF) for patients with cervical radiculopathy caused by disc herniation or foraminal stenosis. ACMF is accepted as a minimally invasive functional spinal surgery, but its long-term outcomes are unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the long-term clinical and radiographic results of ACMF. METHODS: We performed a questionnaire survey and retrospective analysis of 13 patients with cervical radiculopathy who underwent ACMF from 1998 to 2002. Clinical and radiographic data from these 13 patients (one-level operations in seven patients, and two-level operations in six patients) were analysed. We measured disc height, sagittal plane displacement and sagittal plane angulation to evaluate instability. RESULTS: Thirteen patients answered the questionnaires. Mean follow-up was 77.3 months (ranged from 498 to 110 months). The surgical outcome was excellent in three patients (23%) and good in nine patients (69%). One patient had only a fair outcome, but there were no cases of recurrence, reoperation or additional surgery. Twelve of 13 patients were satisfied with the results of their surgery. On the average, the loss of disc height was 0.84mm(16.6% of preoperative disc height), increase of displacement was 0.47mm and increase of sagittal plane angulation was 0.65degrees. All patients maintained stability during the follow-up period. Although the patient sample included in this study is a different sample from that surveyed in our previous study of mid-term results, the long-term radiographic outcomes showed that the parameters of instability tended to decrease in comparison to those midterm results. Three-dimensional computed tomography scans showed signs indicative of bone remodeling, including regrowth of the resected bone and gradual fusion around the uncovertebral joint (UVJ) where ACMF was performed. In spite of bone regeneration around the UVJ, the neural foramen appeared to be well maintained in all patients. CONCLUSION: In the long-term, ACMF is clinically effective method for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy, although disc height was decreased and sagittal angulation was increased. UVJ with mild hypermobility that was apparent at midterm appears to be restored during long-term follow-up. The efficacy of this procedure should be evaluated in additional studies involving large patient series.
Bone Regeneration ; Bone Remodeling ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; Joints ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Radiculopathy ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spondylosis

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess long-term clinical outcomes and radiographic changes in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis with grade I degenerative spondylolisthesis who underwent microsurgical bilateral decompression via unilateral laminotomy, as a minimally invasive surgery. Method: Medical records of twenty-five patients who underwent the surgery between 1999 and 2005 were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical outcomes were evaluated through interviews over telephone with standardized questionnaires. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were taken from all patients in neutral and dynamic lateral views. The mean follow-up period after surgery was 38.5 months(range 9-57 months). RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of patients were either pain free(48%) or doing well with occasional acetaminophens(24 %), and satisfied with the treatment. The most improved preoperative symptom was neurogenic intermittent claudication, which was ameliorated in 94.7% of patients(excellent 84.2%, good 10.5%, fair 5.3%). Postoperative vertebral slippage was also measured and appeared to be slightly increased but this was not statistically significant. Postoperative dynamic angulation did not change significantly compared to the preoperative value. CONCLUSION: Microsurgical bilateral decompression via unilateral laminotomy achieved a satisfactory decompression and symptomatic relief without extensive destruction of the weight-bearing structures and functional mobile segments. This treatment can be an effective modality for patients with lumbar spinal stenosis associated with mild degenerative spondylolisthesis.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intermittent Claudication ; Laminectomy ; Medical Records ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Stenosis ; Spondylolisthesis ; Telephone ; Weight-Bearing

OBJECTIVE: At present, gold-standard technique of cervical cord decompression is surgical decompression and fusion. But, many complications related cervical fusion have been reported. We adopted an extended anterior cervical foraminotomy (EACF) technique to decompress the anterolateral portion of cervical cord and report clinical results and effectiveness of this procedure. METHODS: Fifty-three patients were operated consecutively using EACF from 2008 to 2013. All of them were operated by a single surgeon via the unilateral approach. Twenty-two patients who exhibited radicular and/or myelopathic symptoms were enrolled in this study. All of them showed cervical cord compression in their preoperative magnetic resonance scan images. RESULTS: In surgical outcomes, 14 patients (64%) were classified as excellent and six (27%), as good. The mean difference of cervical cord anterior-posterior diameter after surgery was 0.92 mm (p<0.01) and transverse area was 9.77 mm2 (p<0.01). The dynamic radiological study showed that the average post-operative translation (retrolisthesis) was 0.36 mm and the disc height loss at the operated level was 0.81 mm. The change in the Cobb angle decreased to 3.46, and showed slight kyphosis. The average vertebral body resection rate was 11.47%. No procedure-related complications occurred. Only one patient who had two-level decompression needed anterior fusion at one level as a secondary surgery due to postoperative instability. CONCLUSIONS: Cervical cord decompression was successfully performed using EACF technique. This procedure will be an alternative surgical option for treating cord compressing lesions. Long-term follow-up and a further study in larger series will be needed.
Decompression* ; Decompression, Surgical ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foraminotomy* ; Humans ; Kyphosis ; Spinal Cord Compression ; Spondylosis

OBJECTIVE: We have previously reported excellent early clinical results of anterior cervical microforaminotomy(ACMF) for patients who have cervical radiculopathy from either disc herniation or foraminal stenosis. ACMF is being accepted as a minimal invasive functional spinal surgery, but their long-term outcome is unknown. The goal of this study is to evaluate the midterm clinical and radiological results of ACMF. METHODS: We had undertaken a questionnaire survey and retrospective analysis of 42 patients with cervical radiculopathy who had undergone ACMF from 1998 to 2001. Clinical data from 33 patients(one-level operation in 20 patients, two-level in 13 patients) and radiological data from 21 patients were analysed. RESULTS: Thirty-three patients answered for the questionnaires. Mean follow-up was 48 months(ranged from 26 to 64 months). The surgical outcome was excellent in 18 patients(54.6%) and good in 11 patients(33.3%). One patient showed poor outcome, but there was no case of recurrence, reoperation or additive surgery. Twenty-four patients(79%) satisfied with the results of their surgery. On the average, the loss of disc height was 1.02mm(18% of preoperative disc height), average increase of displacement was 0.83mm, decrease of sagittal plane angulation was 2.03 degrees. All the patients maintained stability during follow-up period. CONCLUSION: In the midterm, ACMF appears to be safe and effective method for the treatment of cervical radiculopathy. To prevent disc height loss and retrolisthesis, skilled disc-preserving technique of ACMF is required and modified technique preserving anterior part of uncovertebral joint may be advantageous.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Joints ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Radiculopathy ; Recurrence ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies

The authors report a case of syringo-pleural shunt for recurrent distal obstruction of syringosubarachnoid shunt in a 23-year-old woman. She complained of tingling sensation and dysesthesia on the left upper extremity. Neuroradiologic imaging studies revealed syringomyelia in the left lateral side of the cord from medulla to 7th thoracic cord level. We identified intraoperatively high internal pressure of the syrinx cavity due to distal shunt tube obstruction. Syringo-pleural shunt was performed and cavity size was markedly decreased at later follow up MRI. In conclusion, the posttraumatic syrinx, especially in cases with previous syringosubarachnoid shunt or diffuse subarachnoid scarring, can be successfully managed with syringo-pleural shunt.
Cicatrix ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Paresthesia ; Sensation ; Syringomyelia* ; Upper Extremity ; Young Adult