BACKGROUND: In anemic patients, it has been usually traditional practice to correct the anemic state with preoperative blood transfusion. But now, there is an increasing tendency of refusing blood transfusion due to the transfusional complications, especially AIDS etc. The purpose of this study is to survey the effects of anesthesia in anemic patients with normal cardiopulmonary function compared to non-anemics. METHOD: 40 patients with uterine myoma were divided into two groups, an experimental group of 20 patients with hemoglobin concentration of 8~10 gm% and a control group of 20 patients with hemoglobin concentration higher than 10 gm%, and their blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation were monitored and compared. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between two groups in blood pressure, pulse rate and arterial oxygen saturation. CONCLUSION: Preoperative blood transfusion, in patients with moderate anemia, does not seem to be a mandatory practice.
Anemia ; Anesthesia ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Transfusion* ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Leiomyoma* ; Oxygen

Percutaneous catheter drainage (PCD) of pancreatic pseudocyst has been reported to have good therapeutic results, low complications, and short hospital course. To find the clinical and radiological findings which can predict the treatment period for PCD, we retrospectively correlated the clinical data (presence of invection, initial and 1 week follow-up serum and aspirate amylase level, daily drainage amount) and radiological findings (evidence of fistula, PCD route, inital size of pseudocyst) with the treatment period in each case. The age ranged from 20 to 64 years(mean:39.8 years) and male to female ratio was nine to one. When the cavity was obliterated after PCD and did not recur after tube removal without a surgical treatment, we regarded the patient to be cured. Mean treatment period was 20.2 days and nine patients(90%) were cured. We think that the factors shortening treatment period are the presence of superimposed infection and the abrupt decrease of the amount of daily drainage for the first week. But the presence of fistula to the pancreatic duct may prolong the treatment period. In conclusion, PCD is safe and effective in the treatment of pancreatic pseudocyst, and the clinical ad radiological findings are expected to be able to predict the treatment period of PCD.
Amylases ; Catheters* ; Drainage* ; Female ; Fistula ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Pancreatic Ducts ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst* ; Retrospective Studies

Peritrochanteric fractures are common in the elderly, and the mortaliy and morbidity rates after conservative treatment of the fractures are usually high. In these fractures the internal fixation now allows the patient more rapid functional gain. It has been known that for stabilization of fracture the sliding hip screw is superior to other fixation devices. To investigate the biomechanical difference between two different materials of dynamic hip screw, eight intertrochateric and eight subtrochanteric femur fractures were artificially induced in human cadavers. Two femurs were used as the control. In eight cadaver intertrochanteric fractures (Group I), four of them were treated with stainless steel compression hip screw and four were treated with titanium compression hip screw. Eight cadaver subtrochanteric fractures (Group II) were divided by two groups as equal number. One group was treated with stainless steel compression hip screw and the other was treated with titanium compression hip screw with plate. Each femur was secured in a fixation device of the Instron and loaded in a vertical compression. Collapse or fixation failure during vertical compression were observed and recorded continuously in slow speed with deformation rate of 3mm/min. Biomechanical analysis of maximal loading force in the control and experimental two groups were performed. The results were as follows; 1. The mean maximal loading force was 625 kp in control group. 2. The mean maximal loading force in each 4 intertrochanteric fractures fixed with stainless steel DHS (dynamic hip screw) and plate was 92.59 kp, and with titanium DHS and plate was 71.57 kp. There was no statistical significance between stainless steel DHS and plate fixation and titanium DHS and plate fixation. (p>0.05) 3. The mean maximal loading force in each 4 subtrochanteric fractures fixed with stainless DHS and plate was 140.12 kp, and with titanium DHS with plate was 169.4 kp. There was no statistical significance between stainless steel DHS and plate fixation and titanium DHS and plate fixation. (p>0.05) 4. The breakage of metal implant was not occurred at the maximal loading force 600 kp in both group. There was no difference of fixability and stability according to the metal quality, as the results of the experiment of compression loading force to the stainless steel DHS and titanium DHS fixation on intertrochanteric and subtrochanteric fractures in cadaverous femurs.
Aged ; Cadaver ; Femur* ; Hip Fractures ; Hip* ; Humans ; Internal Fixators ; Stainless Steel* ; Titanium*

Collagen is the major component of scar tissue. Considerable progress of fibroblast growth kinetics and of collagen synthesis has been achieved in the past decade. We have been interested in fibroblasts activities as they are expressed by cells cultured in collagen substrate. This study is to examine the effects of collagen substrate and peptide growth factors In culture medium on DNA and protein synthesis of human dermal fibroblasts. Collagen, interleukin-1(IL-1) and transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) were added to fibroblast culture media according to the designed experiment model and DNA and protein synthesis were measured by [3H]-thymidine, [3H]-leucine, and [3H]-proline incorporation method. The morphological features of fibroblasts were observed by light microscope. The results were as follows ; 1) There were significant decreases of DNA and protein synthesis of cultured fibroblasts in the presence of collagen substrate compared with those in Control groups(p<0.01). 2) DNA and protein synthesis were decreased as dose dependant manner of collagen density in culture media. 3) Morphological features of fibroblasts became less stellate and flat, more spindle-like in the presence of collagen. 4) In responsiveness to IL-1, collagen non-treated groups responded to IL-1 but collagen treated groups were unresponsive to IL-1 (P<0.05). 5) Cells In collagen non-treated groups responded to TGF-beta as dose-related manner(P<0.01). Collagen treated groups desponded to TGF-beta but did not show TGF-beta dose-dependant relationship. In Conclusion, collagen substrate in the culture medium could lower the DNA and protein synthesis of fibroblasts. Cells in collagen substrate were unresponsive or less responsive to peptide growth factors than those in non-collagen substrate.
Cicatrix ; Collagen* ; Culture Media ; DNA* ; Fibroblasts* ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Interleukin-1 ; Kinetics ; Transforming Growth Factor beta

This retrospective clinical study consists of 27 patients with lacrimal canalicular injury caused by various accidents and which were reconstructed with various materials in the department of plastic surgery at Catholic University Medical College from December 1987 to July 1996. These 27 patients were followed up at least 6 months after the canalicular reconstruction and their medical records were reviewed and analysed retrospectively in order to obtain the clinical pattern and understand the therapeutic results. The statistical items were the age and sex distribution, the causes of injury, the prevalent site of injury, the reconstruction materials, the duration of intubation and the results of treatment. The following results are obtained: 1. Males were more dominant than females by 4.4 : 1. 2. The patient age was from 6 to 73 years old and the prevalent age groups were the third and fourth decades(55.5%). 3. The most common cause of canalicular injury was the violence(29.6%) and was followed by traffic accident. 4. The left canaliculi, especially inferior canaliculi, was the prevalent injury site. 5. Regardless of the materials(P.V.C. tube, nylon and silicone tube) used in canalicular reconstruction, the longer duration of intubation was obtained the better result of treatment. 6. So the silicone tube with stainless steel(C-line canaliculus intubation set) was relatively inert and less complicating, it could be maintained more longer and had better results than other materials such as P.V.C. tube and nylon.
Accidents, Traffic ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Intubation ; Male ; Medical Records ; Nylons ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Distribution ; Silicones ; Surgery, Plastic

To analyse the age of onset, etiologic microorganisms, clinical manifestations, managements and genetic variation of chromic granulomatous disease, the authors reviewed four patients who were diagnosed as CGD at Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National Univesity Children's Hospital. They were siblings in relationship-two of them were brothers, the others were brother-sister. @ES The results were as follows; 1) Initial manifestations developed within 1 year old, and lymphadenopathy associated with BCG vaccination was the most common. 2) In culture study of micro-organism, catalase positive microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, Coagulase (-) Staphylococcus, Enterococcus, Proleus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli and fungus such as Candida albicans were isolated. In 2 cases, culture study revealed no growth. 3) Fever, lymphadenopathy, hepatomegaly, suppurative dermatitis and pneumonia were the most common manifestations. In most of cases, antituberculous medications were administered under the impression of tuberculosis without response. 4) Immunologic screening tests including B-cell system, T-cell system, and complement system were within normal limit except NBT test. 5) In spite of severe infections, NBT scores of all the cases were less than those of controls. Liver biopsies of 3 cases showed granuloma formation with characteristic yellow brown pigment-laden macrophages.
Age of Onset ; B-Lymphocytes ; Biopsy ; Candida albicans ; Catalase ; Coagulase ; Complement System Proteins ; Dermatitis ; Enterococcus ; Fever ; Fungi ; Genetic Variation ; Granuloma ; Hepatomegaly ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; Liver ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Macrophages ; Mass Screening ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Pediatrics ; Pneumonia ; Seoul ; Serratia marcescens ; Siblings ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; T-Lymphocytes ; Tuberculosis ; Vaccination

The minor fissure is an important anatomical landmark in the localization of the pulmonary diseases. For the evaluation of the normal feature of the minor fissure, we analyzed the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans in 51 normal patients. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the normal appearance of the minor fissure on high-resolution CT scans and to compare it with that on the coventional CT and chest radiographs. We analysed the morphologic feature of the minor fissure on the high-resolution CT scans in 51 normal patients, and compared it with that on the conventional CT scans. On the high-resolution CT scans, we particularly paid attention to the completeness and types according to Berkmen classification. And finally, we compared the types determined by the high-resolution CT scans with those by the plain radiographs. In most patients (n=47), the minor fissure was seen as a hyperattenuating line or hand on the high-resolution CT scans. In contrast, it was mostly seen as a lucent zone on the conventional CT scans (n=44). Of 47 patients having a hyperattenuating line or band on the high resolution CT scans, the minor fissure was considered to be complete in 17 patients (36%), and incomplete in 30 patients (64%), who had defect at medial portion of the minor fissure. The most common type of the minor fissure seen on the high-resolution CT scans was type I variety (n=23), followed by type IIa (n=10) and type II (n=8). We could not determine the type in six patients. The type determined by the high resolution CT scans was highly well correlated with that determined by the plain radiographs (p<0.05). In conclusion, the minor fissure was seen on CT studies as variable appearances and high-resolution CT scans were superior to the conventional CT scans in the evaluation of the minor fissure. The type of the minor fissure determined by the high-resolution CT scans were well correlated with those seen on the radiographs.
Classification ; Hand ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The minor fissure is an important anatomical landmark in the localization of the pulmonary diseases. For the evaluation of the normal feature of the minor fissure, we analyzed the high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans in 51 normal patients. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the normal appearance of the minor fissure on high-resolution CT scans and to compare it with that on the coventional CT and chest radiographs. We analysed the morphologic feature of the minor fissure on the high-resolution CT scans in 51 normal patients, and compared it with that on the conventional CT scans. On the high-resolution CT scans, we particularly paid attention to the completeness and types according to Berkmen classification. And finally, we compared the types determined by the high-resolution CT scans with those by the plain radiographs. In most patients (n=47), the minor fissure was seen as a hyperattenuating line or hand on the high-resolution CT scans. In contrast, it was mostly seen as a lucent zone on the conventional CT scans (n=44). Of 47 patients having a hyperattenuating line or band on the high resolution CT scans, the minor fissure was considered to be complete in 17 patients (36%), and incomplete in 30 patients (64%), who had defect at medial portion of the minor fissure. The most common type of the minor fissure seen on the high-resolution CT scans was type I variety (n=23), followed by type IIa (n=10) and type II (n=8). We could not determine the type in six patients. The type determined by the high resolution CT scans was highly well correlated with that determined by the plain radiographs (p<0.05). In conclusion, the minor fissure was seen on CT studies as variable appearances and high-resolution CT scans were superior to the conventional CT scans in the evaluation of the minor fissure. The type of the minor fissure determined by the high-resolution CT scans were well correlated with those seen on the radiographs.
Classification ; Hand ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

No abstract available.
Angiomyolipoma* ; Lymph Nodes*

No abstract available.