No abstract available.
Leydig Cell Tumor*

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of mechanical and thermal fatigue stress on the shear, tensile and shear-tensile combined bond strengths(SBS, TBS, CBS) in various orthodontic brackets bonded to human premolars with chemically cured adhesive(Ortho-one, Bisco, USA). Five types of commercially available metal brackets with various bracket base configurations of Photoetched base(Tomy, Japan), Non-Etched Foil Mesh base(Dentaurum, Germany), Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base(Ortho Organizers, USA), Chessboard base(Daesung, Korea), and Integral base(3M Unitek, USA) were used. Samples were divided into 3 groups, the first group was acted with shear-tensile combined loads(45 degrees) of 200g for 4 weeks(mechanical fatigue stress), the second group was subjected to the 5,000 thermocycles of 15 second dwell time each in 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C baths(thermal fatigue stress), and the third group was the control. Bond strengths were measured at the crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The cross-section of bracket base/adhesive interface and the fracture surface were examined with the stereoscope and the scanning electron microscope. The resin remnant on bracket base surface was assessed by ARI(Adhesive Remnant Index). The obtained results were summarized as follows; 1. In static bond strength, Photoetched base bracket showed the maximum bond strength and Integral base bracket showed the minimum bond strength(p<0.05). In all brackets, shear bond strength(SBS) was in the greatest value and shear-tensile combined strength(CBS) was in the least value(p<0.05). 2. After mechanical fatigue test, Photoetched base bracket showed the maximum bond strength and Integral base bracket showed the minimum bond strength(p<0.05). In Photoetched base bracket and Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base bracket, shear bond strength(SBS), tensile bond strength(TBS) and shear-tensile combined strength(CBS) were decreased after mechanical fatigue test(p<0.05). 3. After thermocycling, Integral base bracket showed the minimum bond strength. The SBS, TBS and CBS of Photoetched base, Chessboard base, and Micro-Etched Foil Mesh base bracket were decreased after 5,000 cycled thermocycling(p<0.05). 4. In static test, bond failure sites were mainly between bracket and adhesive. After thermocycling, ARI scores were greater than those in static test. 5. SEM micrographs of cross-section of bracket bonding site showed that many micro-cracks in bracket/resin interface and in enamel/resin interface were found in all brackets after thermocycling.
Adhesives ; Bicuspid ; Fatigue* ; Humans ; Orthodontic Brackets

Traction injuries of the brachial plexus have recognized since the classic descriptions of Duchenne, Erb and Klumpke. The original cases resulted from birth injuries, presumably from traction forces. In recent years, automobile accidents have resulted in and increase in traction or closed injuries to the brachial plexus. This paper reviews our experiences with 3 cases of injuries characteristically demonstrated by Pantopaque myelography.
Automobiles ; Birth Injuries ; Brachial Plexus ; Iophendylate ; Myelography ; Traction*

A case of glioblastoma multiforme, arising in the right temporal lobe in a child was operated in our hospital. The patient was a 11 years old boy, who was well after the radical removal of the tumor with concomitantly performed internal decompression. The operative method, post-operative prognosis, and literatures were reviewed.
Child* ; Decompression ; Glioblastoma* ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis ; Temporal Lobe*

We have experienced a case of oligodendroglioma which was similar to a falx meningioma. The oligodendroglioma arose in the medial surface(paracentral lobule) of the right frontal lobe and firmly attached to the falx cerebri. The tumor was found in early life(16 year old) and it had no roentgenographic calcification. So histological confirmation was possible after the operation. We report this uncommon oligodendroglioma with a review of literatures.
Frontal Lobe ; Meningioma ; Oligodendroglioma*

Among 666 premature infants or low birthweight infants who were admitted in NICU of St. Francisco General Hospital from January 1990 to Jun 1992, 96 infants were diagnosed as retinopathy of prematurity by indirect ophthalmoscope. The result were follows: 1) Among 666 patients, retinopathy of prematurity developed in 96 patients(14.1%) 2) The high incidence was observed in low birthweight and small gestational age. 3) Mean age of first diagnosing time was 42.0( 12 day of life and mean gestational age was 31.8 2.5 weeks and mean birthweight was 1646.5 (350.7gm. 4) In gestational age, birthweight and duration of oxygen therapy, there was statistically difference between cryotherapy group and spontaneous regression group. Other possible risk factors-hyaline membrane disease, apnea, anemia-were showed higher incidence in cryotherapy group. 5) Among the 20 infants who were treated with cryotherapy, 16 infants (80%) showed regression of neovascularization.
Apnea ; Cryotherapy ; Gestational Age ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Membranes ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Oxygen ; Retinopathy of Prematurity*

Hyperhidrosis is an abnormal condition of excessive sweating beyond that required to cool the body. It apparently from some poorly understood stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system, and can pose serious psychological and social handicaps. Of the numerous treatments recommended for this condition, only surgical removal of the sympathetic nerve supply seems effective. This paper concerns the treatment of 21 patients suffering from primary hyperhidrosis facialis et palmaris. 4 of whom were treated by upper thoracic sympathetic ganglionectomy and 17 were treated by ganglionotomy which included the second thoracic ganglion ; the period of posteoprative observation has ranged from 5 months to 3 years. The operation was performed after Cloward and with his devices. Postoperatively in all patients, the face and the extremities were completely dry. Excessive sweating of the feet was slightly improved in 27% of patients. This operation seems to be simpler than other surgical approaches, with a lower morbidity, fewer complications and satisfying results.
Extremities ; Foot ; Ganglion Cysts ; Ganglionectomy ; Humans ; Hyperhidrosis ; Sweat ; Sweating ; Sympathectomy* ; Sympathetic Nervous System

A total of 236 anterior cervical interbody fusion has been performed. In 76 cases mostly Cloward's original method has used. During these operations several technical modifications were made. With these technique 159 cases were operated and showed marked beneficial results. 1. For widening of the interspace, a halter traction was better than the vertebra spreader. 2. Extension of the cervical spine when drilling of the vertebral bodies prevented the post-operative flexion deformity of the neck. 3. The dowel size, 2mm. In diameter larger than the drill hole was used and the cortical end plate of the dowel was fixed st the anterior edges of the vertebral bodies. 4. It was safe to leave the posterior edges of the vertebral bodies when drilling. 5. If the dowel was too thin, 2 pieces of the graft were packed. 6. Post-operative pain on the dornor bone site and walking difficutly wer minimized when the dowel was obtained from the inner aspect of the ileum. when the dowel was obtained from the inner aspect of the ileum. Many technical fitfalls of this type of operation were analyzed and discussed the improved surgery.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Ileum ; Neck ; Spine ; Traction ; Transplants ; Walking

Acrodermatitis enteropathica(AE) which starts in early infancy after weaning is a rare hereditary chronic disorder of zinc absorption. AE is characterized by alopecia, diarrhea and skin lesions localized to periorificial areas and acrally on the extremities. However, recent reports presented Transient Symptomatic Zinc Deficiency(TSZD) in preterm infants. TSZD is clinically similar to AE and skin lesions rapidly heals after zinc supplementation. When the treatment was withheld, no recurrence was seen. We experienced a TSZD case in a cow's milk fed, preterm infant, so We report it with a brief review of literature.
Absorption ; Acrodermatitis ; Alopecia ; Diarrhea ; Extremities ; Humans ; Infant* ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature* ; Milk* ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Weaning ; Zinc*

Two cases of neurofibromatosis are presented. In the first case, mainly the occipito-parietal area and in the other case, lumbosacral area were involved.
Neurofibromatoses*