It is known that the toe-flexors exert some power generation in ankle plantar flexion. However, there has been no paper published in which the power generation was quantified. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to quantify the amount of contribution of the toe-flexors to the ankle plantar-flexion in normal and rapid walking using the kinetic data of three dimensional gait analysis system. In order to restrict the action of the toe-flexors, we designed special braces which can be applied to the forefeet of the examinee during walking. We performed the gait analysis in ten normal adult volunteers with and without braces, and evaluated the moment and power of toe-flexors during terminal stance and pre-swing phase of gait cycle. Gait analysis was done with the VICON 3-dimensional motion analysis system (VICON, Oxford Metrics, Oxford, England) and 2 force plates (AMTI, Advanced Mechanical Technoiogy, Newton, MA, U.S.A,). The kinetic results are as follows: l. Average speeds of normal and rapid walking were 1.12m/sec and 1.41m/sec respectiveIy. 2. In normal walking, peak ankle plantar-tlexion moment decreased 5.5% with braces, and sum of ankle plantar-flexion moment decreased 12.3% with braces. Both of the results were not significant statistically (p>0.05). Peak ankle power generation decreased 11.0% with braces, and sum of ankle power generation decreased 10.4% with braces. These decreases were also insignificant statistically (p>0.05). 3. In rapid walking, peak ankle plantarflexion moment decreased 26.7% with braces. The decrease was horderline significant statistically (p=0.062). The sum of ankle plantar-tlexion moment decreased 26.6% with braces, but the decrease was not significant statistically (p>0.05). Peak ankle power generation decreased 40.2% with braces, and sum of ankle power generation decreased 37.9% with braces. These decreases showed borderline significance statistically (p=0.062). In conclusion, toe-flexors may contribute about 10% of the total ankle plantar-flexion power generation, and the contribution will be increased with increase of walking velocity. We must be very careful to sacrifice the toe-flexors in cases with weak triceps power.
Adult ; Ankle* ; Braces ; Gait ; Humans ; Toes* ; Volunteers ; Walking*

No abstract available.
Carcinoma* ; Nevus*

Seborrheic keratosis is a benign epidermal lesion, that commony develops in the aged. It exhibits a remarkable spectrum of histologic variations. We evaluated one hundred and one cases of seborrheic keratoses according to the histologie typing by Lever and Schaurnburg-Lever. The most common histologic type was the acanthotic type(50.5%), and the next. most common one was hyperkeratotic type(33.7%). The rest of the caces were relatively uncommon, irritated type(6.9%), mixed type(4.9%), clonal type(3.9%), adenoidal type(2.0%), and melanoacanthoma(1.0%). In 2 cases, mixed type was found in a lesion.
Adenoids ; Keratosis, Seborrheic*

No abstract available.
Hypopigmentation*

No abstract available.
Calcium Gluconate* ; Calcium*

Primary cutaneous aspergillosis is rare. In this report we describe primary skin infection by Aspergillus in 9 children with leukemia. The skin lesion was characterized clinically by erythematous macule and papule associated with pain and itching, followed by a rapid progression to ulcer and central black eschars with raised erythematous border at the site of venipuncture, insertion of intravenous cannula, or where arm boards had been taped to extremities. Diagnosis was confirmed by skin biopsy and wound culture. Positive revealed in 6 patients, including A. glaucus in 2 cases, A. flavus in 1 case. Treatment consisted of temporary withdrawl of anticancer chemotherapy, intravenous amphotericin B, oral flucytosine, itraconazole and/or rifampin. One patient recovered completely without antifungal medication with resolution of leukopenia. Six of eight treated patients recovered. One patient discharged against medical advice, while cutaneous aspergillosis was improving. One patient died with persistent skin lesion and neutropenia. We conclude that primary cutaneous aspergillosis is increasingly recognized in association with intravenous cannula, intravenous puncture or prolonged contact with arm boards in immunocompromised patients, and that this serious disease can be treated successfully with appropriate management.
Amphotericin B ; Arm ; Aspergillosis* ; Aspergillus ; Biopsy ; Catheters ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Extremities ; Flucytosine ; Humans ; Immunocompromised Host ; Itraconazole ; Leukemia ; Leukopenia ; Neutropenia ; Phlebotomy ; Pruritus ; Punctures ; Rifampin ; Skin ; Ulcer ; Wounds and Injuries

BACKGROUND: A burn injury is not only a life-threatening problem for the injured patient but may have serious physical, psychological and financial effects on the individual, the patient's family and society. Despite the high frequency of factors predisposing to burns, preventive measures are few, with a virtual absence of educational campaigns for the population. Thus, the epidemiologic data of patients would be of benefit for the region. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to understand burn injuries and to plan effective postburn management. METHODS: We reviewed and analyzed the records of 593 cases of burn patients who were admitted to the department of general surgery in Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from May 1999 to April 2000. RESULTS: Males were more affected than females ; 69.1% were males and 30.9% were females. The 31-45 age group had the highest rate of burns (36.5%). The most common burn type was by flame burn injury (59.9%), followed by scalding burn injury (24.0%). In 49.6% of the cases, the extent of the burned surface was under 20%. The number of deaths in this study was 39 patients (6.6% of total burn patients). The most frequent cause of death was sepsis (51.2%), followed by ARDS (20.6%), and burn shock (17.9%). When 51-60% of the surface area was burned, the mortality was 16.7%, when over 61% of the surface area was burned, the mortality was 41.4%. CONCLUSION: It is evident that the best approach to rectifying the harm caused by burn injury is prevention.
Burns* ; Cause of Death ; Epidemiologic Studies* ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Male ; Mortality ; Sepsis ; Shock

No abstract available.
Animals ; Cell Count* ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I* ; Rats* ; Thyroid Gland*

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis. Reduction of serum total and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) and the increase of high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) are known to be associated with significant decrease of the incidence of atherosclerotic disease. HMG CoA reductase is known as rate limiting enzyme in the synthesis of cholesterol. Among many inhibitors of this enzyme pravastatin was recently released. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of this drug in Korean patients with hypercholesterolemia daily 5-40mg of pravstatin was administred in 30 patients after 4 weeks' wash-out and followed in 4 week-intervals up to 12 weeks. 1) Total cholesterol(TC) was decreased from 247.3+/-24,7mg/dl to 216.6+/-34.8mg/dl after 4 weeks, 214.3+/-36.7mg/dl after 8 weeks and 212,5+/-36.1mg/dl after 12 weeks(p,0.001, respectively). 2) Triglycrride(TG) was decreased from 191.3+/-77.9mg/dl to 161.4+/-61.4mg/dl after 4 weeks(p<0.005),155.4+/-74,8mg/dl after 8 weeks (p<0.05) but after 12 weeks the level of triglyceride was 165.5+/-70.3mg/dl, not significantly different from the basal level. 3) LDL-C was decreased from 155.0+/-29.3mg/dl to 129.8+/-34.4mg/dl after 4 weeks. 132.0+/-32.4mg/dl after 8 weeks and 125.9+/-38.1mg/dl after 12 weeks (p<0.01. respectively). 4) HDL-C was not significantly changed during the trial. 5) TC/HDI-C ratio was decreased from 4.8%+/-1.3 to 4.1+/-0.9 after 4 weeks. 4.3.+/-0.9 after 8 weeks and 4.1+/-1.1 after 12(p<0.01.respectivcly). 6) LDL-C/HDL-C ratio was decreased from3.0+/-1.0 to2.5+/-0.8 after 4 weeks(p<0.01).2.6+/-0.7 after 8 weeks(p<0.05) and 2.4+/-0.9 after 12 weeks(p<0.01). 7) The side effects of pravastatin were mild and transient, including 1 case of nausea, 1 headache, 1 flushing sensation on the face and 2 dizziness. 8) The laboratory studies including serum transaminases,uric acid, creatinine, creatine phoshokinase and blood glucose were not changed significantly. These results suggested that pravastatin is an effective and relative safe hypolipidemic agent in Korean adult patients with hypercholesterolemia.
Adult ; Atherosclerosis ; Blood Glucose ; Cholesterol ; Creatine ; Creatinine ; Dizziness ; Flushing ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ; Hypercholesterolemia* ; Incidence ; Lipoproteins ; Nausea ; Pravastatin* ; Risk Factors ; Sensation ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Hodgkin Disease*