Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is caused by a failure of fusion of the muscular diaphragm and results in herniation of abdominal viscera into the thorax, It occurs in appoximately 1 in 2,200 to 5,000 live births, and most cases are probably multifactorial, but they can be also associated with chromosomal abenation. Due to the improvement of sonography, it can be diagnosed more accurately. However, the mortality associated with CDH is extremely high. It is well known that the incidence of congenital anomaly in infants after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) is not increased copared with that of general population, and CDH that occurred following IVF-ET has not been reported. A case of CDH that occurred following IVF-ET is presented with brief review of literatures.
Diaphragm ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Live Birth ; Mortality ; Thorax ; Viscera

Meningioma is generally regarded as benign and extracranial metastasis of intracranial meningioma is rare. About 60 cases of distant metastasis of meningioma have now been reported. Angioblastic meningioma, although a rare type, shows rapid growth and sarcomatous change frequently, and has higher incidence of metastasis than other types of meningioma. The authors report a case of malignant angioblastic meningioma arisen in left olfactory groove with multiple metastasis to skeletal system. The available literature regarding these tumors is reviewed.
Incidence ; Meningioma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

STUDY DESIGN: In vitro cell culture. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of high glucose on premature stress-induced senescence of rat notochordal cells. OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Glucose-mediated increase of oxidative stress is a major causative factor for the development of diseases associated with diabetes mellitus such as senescence. However, no information is available for the effect of high glucose on premature stress-induced senescence of rat notochordal cells. METHODS: Notochordal cells were isolated from 4-week-old rats, cultured and placed in either 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, normal control) or 10% FBS plus two high glucose concentrations (0.1 M and 0.2 M, experimental conditions) for 1 and 3 days. We identified and quantified the mitochondrial damage (mitochondrial transmembrane potential), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidants, such as manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and catalase, for each condition. We also identified and quantified senescence and telomerase activity. Finally, we determined the expression of proteins related to replicative senescence (p53-p21-pRB) and stress-induced senescence (p16-pRB) pathways. RESULTS: Two high glucose concentrations enhanced the disruption of mitochondrial transmembrane potential and excessive generation of ROS in notochordal cells for 1 and 3 days, respectively. The expressions of MnSOD and catalase were increased in notochordal cells treated with both high glucose concentrations at 1 and 3 days. The telomerase activity declined at 1 and 3 days. Two high glucose concentrations increased the occurrence of stress-induced senescence of notochordal cells by p16-pRB pathways at 1 and 3 days. CONCLUSIONS: Despite compensatory expression of antioxidants, high glucose-induced oxidative stress accelerates stress-induced senescence in rat notochordal cells. This may result in dysfunction of notochordal cells, leading to accelerated premature disc degeneration. The prevention of excessive generation of oxidative stress by strict blood glucose control is important to prevent or to delay premature disc degeneration in young patients with diabetes mellitus.
Aging* ; Animals ; Antioxidants ; Blood Glucose ; Catalase ; Cell Aging ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Glucose* ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; Membrane Potentials ; Notochord* ; Oxidative Stress ; Rats* ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Telomerase

Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma is an extremely rare benign tumor composed of odontogenic epithelium and stroma with dentin. It usually arises in the posterior mandible (maxilla-mandible ratio 1:3) and is commonly associated with the unerupted molar teeth of young adults, adolescents and children. It mainly affects people younger than 4th decades of age and is found more commonly in males than in females. Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma usually grows slowly without any symptoms, but sometimes it may grow rapidly. Radiographically, it shows well-delineated radiolucency, but it may be seen as a radiopaque mass in its mature stage. Ameloblastic fibrodentinoma of nasal floor is an extremely rare entity and no document in the literature was found. Recently, we experienced a case of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma of nasal floor which was confirmed by excisional biopsy. Thus, for the first time in Korea, we report a case of ameloblastic fibrodentinoma of the nasal floor with a review of literature.
Adolescent ; Ameloblasts ; Biopsy ; Child ; Dentin ; Epithelium ; Female ; Floors and Floorcoverings ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mandible ; Molar ; Nasal Cavity ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Tooth ; Young Adult

The authors report a case of infection with Thelazia callipaeda in a Korean man. The patient was a 47 year-old man. He experienced epiphora and foreign body sensation of the right eye since 3 weeks ago. Total of 2 worms were removed from the conjunctival sac; one by himself 1 day prior to examination and the other by an ophthalmologist. The worm was slender creamy white in color which was fixed in a 10% formaline solution. The worm was 17.38 mm in length, 0.45 mm in body width, 0.026 mm in length of buccal cavity, 0.63 mm in length of anterior end to vaginal opening, 0.76 mm in length of anterior end to the esophagointestinal junction and 0.06 mm in length of posterior end to the anus. There were numerous striations on surface of worms and vaginal opening was located anterior to the esophagointestinal junction. Based on aforementioned findings, it was confirmed as a female worm of Thelazia callipaeda, and the authors report it with literature.
Anal Canal ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Formaldehyde ; Humans* ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Sensation ; Thelazioidea

The authors report a case of infection with Thelazia callipaeda in a Korean man. The patient was a 47 year-old man. He experienced epiphora and foreign body sensation of the right eye since 3 weeks ago. Total of 2 worms were removed from the conjunctival sac; one by himself 1 day prior to examination and the other by an ophthalmologist. The worm was slender creamy white in color which was fixed in a 10% formaline solution. The worm was 17.38 mm in length, 0.45 mm in body width, 0.026 mm in length of buccal cavity, 0.63 mm in length of anterior end to vaginal opening, 0.76 mm in length of anterior end to the esophagointestinal junction and 0.06 mm in length of posterior end to the anus. There were numerous striations on surface of worms and vaginal opening was located anterior to the esophagointestinal junction. Based on aforementioned findings, it was confirmed as a female worm of Thelazia callipaeda, and the authors report it with literature.
Anal Canal ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Formaldehyde ; Humans* ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Sensation ; Thelazioidea

Topical epinephrine is useful to reduce bleeding and to give a clear operative field during general anesthesia. However, epinephrine at clinical doses has adverse cardiovascular effects, such as transient hypertension and arrhythmia. We report a case of cardiac arrest following the local infiltration of epinephrine during desflurane anesthesia. The patient recovered without sequelae after intensive care. However, it is recommended that caution is exercised when the local infiltration of epinephrine is used during general anesthesia.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Epinephrine ; Heart Arrest ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Critical Care ; Isoflurane

Primary hepatic actinomycosis is one of the chronic abscess-forming infections of the liver. Accurate diagnosis is frequently delayed due to its indolent course and nonspecific clinical and radiological manifestations. We report a case of a 57-year-old man presenting with asymptomatic multiple hepatic masses on follow-up abdominal computed tomography performed 1 year after stomach cancer surgery. Although a percutaneous liver biopsy procedure was conducted twice in order to obtain confirmative pathology, only a nonspecific organizing abscess with plasma cell infiltration was revealed, without identification of any organism in the tissue cultures. Ultimately, actinomycosis was diagnosed following the detection of sulfur granules on open surgical biopsied tissue. This case suggests that primary hepatic actinomycosis should be considered as one of the possible causes for enigmatic inflammatory lesions of the liver.
Actinomycosis/*diagnosis/drug therapy/microbiology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Biopsy, Needle ; Humans ; Liver Abscess/complications ; Liver Diseases/*diagnosis/microbiology/pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

The application of pelviscopic surgery for the management of ovarian tumors has increased dramatically in the last few years. Of particular concern is the pelviscopic excision of malignant ovarian tumors. One of the important potential problems with this approach is disseminating malignant cells to peritoneal surface. The aim of this report is to draw attention to the possibility of the occurrence of a tumor implantation at the pelviscopic port site in patients with malignant ovarian tumors. A case is presented here in which a localized tumor implant occurred in the abdominal trocar site after pelviscopic removal of ovarian mass subsequently found to be squamous cell carcinoma arising in mature cystic teratoma with brief review of literatures.
Abdomen ; Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*pathology/surgery ; Case Report ; Female ; Human ; *Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Ovarian Neoplasms/*pathology/surgery ; Pelvis

BACKGROUND: We studied the epidemics of respiratory viral infections in Korea and examined various respiratory tract specimens for the presence of respiratory viruses, since the accuracy of rapid detection method depends, in part, on the source of the specimens. METHODS: Over a 24-month period, from March 1997 through February 1999, a total of 1,574 clinical specimens were submitted for the detection of respiratory viruses. A shell vial technique with commercially available monoclonal antibodies directed against respiratory viruses was used to detect respiratory syncytial virus, adenovirus, influenza virus, and parainfluenza virus in clinical specimens, which included throat swab, nasopharyngeal aspirate, tracheal aspirate, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. RESULTS: Overall positive rate of respiratory viruses was 73/1574 (4.6%). Respiratory viruses were predominantly found between December and February. High incidences were observed among those younger than 2 years and those older than 50 years. The numbers of viral isolates were 3/69 (4.3%) for throat swab, 26/459 (5.7%) for nasopharyngeal aspirate, 11/315 (3.2%) for tracheal aspirate, and 30/528 (5.7%) for BAL fluid. CONCLUSIONS: Nasopharyngeal aspirate and BAL fluid appear to permit increased detection of the respiratory viruses compared with throat swab or tracheal aspirate. However, throat swab may be good specimen for the detection of influenza virus and parainfluenza virus.
Adenoviridae ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Incidence ; Korea ; Orthomyxoviridae ; Paramyxoviridae Infections ; Pharynx ; Respiratory Syncytial Viruses ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Infections*