Clinical study was carried out on the 64 hemodialysis patients(HD) with chronic renal failure who had been treated from December 1992 to July 1993 in Yeungnam University Hospital. The following results were obitained. In hematologic parameters, MCH was 28.8±2.0pg, and MCV was 92.4±4.7fl. Result revealed normochromic and normocytic anemia. Mean values of serum ferritin were 657.4±292.0ng/ml in men and 511.5±370g in women. Mean values of serum iron were 145.5±63.7µg/dl. Mean values of transferrin saturation was 61.6±28.4%. Serum frerritin, serum iron and transferrin saturation were higher in HD group than normal reference. In erythropoeitin treatment group, Hb and Hct were significantly higher than non-erythropoietin treatment group. Amount of transfusion was significantly higher in non-erythropoietin treatment group than erythropoeitin treatment group(p<0.05). Values of iron, transferrin saturation were significantly higher in abnormal liver function test(LFT0 hemodialysis group than normal LFT group(p<0.05). Transfusion amounts revealed positive correlation with ferritin(r=0.4675), transferrin satruation (r=0.3823) and iron(r=0.3386) (p<0.05).
Anemia* ; Clinical Study ; Erythropoietin* ; Female ; Ferritins ; Humans ; Iron ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Liver ; Male ; Renal Dialysis ; Transferrin

No abstract available.
Dilatation* ; Mammary Arteries* ; Transplants*

No abstract available.
Pre-Eclampsia*

Between November 2005 and March 2006, a total of 253 poultry flocks in the Gyeonggi-do of Korea were examined for seroprevalence against avian influenza (AI) using a hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test and an agar gel precipitation test. No low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) virus was isolated from 47 seropositive flocks that lacked clinical signs during sampling. The unadjusted percentage of seroprevalence rates of layer and broiler flocks were not significantly different, i.e., 26% (25/96) and 23% (22/97), respectively. The HI titer of the layers (mean = 89) was higher than the broilers (mean = 36; p < 0.001). A cross-sectional study was conducted for the seroprevalence of LPAI in the layers. Of 7 risk factors, farms employing one or more workers had a higher seropositive prevalence as compared to farms without hired employees (adjusted prevalence OR = 11.5, p = 0.031). Layer flocks older than 400 d had higher seropositivity than flocks younger than 300 d (OR = 4.9, p = 0.017). The farmers recognized at least one of the clinical signs in seropositive flocks, such as decreased egg production, respiratory syndromes, and increased mortality (OR = 2.3, p = 0.082). In a matched case-control study, 20 pairs of case and control flocks matched for type of flock, hired employees, age, and flock size were compared. Frequent cleansing with disinfectants was associated with a decreased risk of seropositivity (OR = 0.2, p = 0.022). Although there was a low statistical association, using a foot disinfectant when entering the building led to a decreased rate of seropositivity (OR = 0.3, p = 0.105).
Animals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ; Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype/*genetics ; Influenza in Birds/*epidemiology/*virology ; Korea/epidemiology ; Poultry ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies

No abstract available.
Adolescent* ; Humans ; Male* ; Psoriasis*

PURPOSE: Tanilast has been clinically used for various allergic diseases. Recently, it has also been found to inhibit excessive scarring in wound healing process. The purpose of this study is to investigate the inhibitory effect of Tranilast on the proliferation of human conjunctival epithelial cells and subconjunctival fibroblasts. METHODS: Human conjunctival epithelial cells and subconjunctival fibroblasts were exposed for 24 hours to Tranilast 0.05, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/ml. MTT based calorimetric assay was performed to assess the metabolic activity and inhibition of cellular proliferation. RESULTS: As the concentration of Tranilast increased, the absorbance of spectrometer decreased. Inhibitory effect of cellular proliferation was stronger in subconjunctival fibroblasts than in conjunctival epithelial cells. The inhibitory effect of celluar proliferation in conjunctival epithelial cells was 75%, 66%, 64%, 59%, and 39% at 0.05, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/ml, respectively (LD50 was 0.9 mg/ml). In subconjunctival fibroblasts, the inhibitory effect of celluar proliferation was 66%, 62%, 47%, 33%, and 23% at 0.05, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 mg/ml, respectively (LD50 was 0.3 mg/ml). CONCLUSION: Tranilast may prevent excessive proliferation of both human conjunctival epithelial cells and subconjunctival fibroblasts. This inhibitory effect on cellular proliferation was higher in subconjunctival fibroblasts than in conjunctival epithelial cells, suggesting the possibility of being used after glaucoma filtering surgery or pterygium excision.
Cell Proliferation ; Cicatrix ; Epithelial Cells* ; Fibroblasts* ; Filtering Surgery ; Glaucoma ; Humans* ; Pterygium ; Wound Healing

Malignant degeneration of mature cystic teratoma has been reported in 1~3% of cases, usually between the age of 30 and 70 years with a peak incidence of 40~60 years. The most common malignancy developing in such tumors is squamous cell carcinoma arising in a mature cystic teratoma. Hirakawa reported two patients with benign teratomas diagnosed 25 and 32 years prior to surgery for malignancy and Dorothea reported a patient who was diagnosed as benign teratoma 50 years prior to operate for carcinoma. But there has been no report of squamous cell carcinoma arising in the mature cystic teratoma with direct invasion to gastrointestinal tract. We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma with direct invasion to transverse colon and jejunum in 62-year-old female who was diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma 20 years ago.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Colon, Transverse* ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jejunum* ; Middle Aged ; Teratoma*

No abstract available.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been established as the first line procedure of urinary stone treatment. To evaluate clinical efficacy and to identify the criteria of proper patient selection tempered by understanding of the limitations of the ESWL therapy available. We reviewed 2500 patients with urinary stone treated by ESWL using the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor between June, 1989 and May, 1995. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The total average success rate of treatment was 92.6%. 2. The success rate according to stone locations were 88% in kidney (1074/1214 cases), 93.5% in ureter(1275/1323 cases) and 92.7% in bladder (38/41 cases). 3. The success rate according to stone size measured on the KUB film were 98.0% below 10mm, 91.0% in 11 - 20mm, 80.0% in 21 - 30mm and 68.7% over 31mm. 4. The average numbers of treatment were 2.3 sessions and the mean number of shock per treatment were 1940 +- 230. 5. Of the 2578 cases, 2178(84.5%) were treated by ESWL monotherapy. For auxiliary procedure, Double-J stents were placed in 64 cases and nephrostomy in 49 cases. Stone manipulation including push back, Dormia basket, Ureteroscopy were performed in 161 cases. We conclude that as a highly effective and minimally invasive treatment modality, ESWL has become to be the therapy of choice in 85.5% of urinary stones. When ESWL therapy is less effective for stone size larger than 3 cm(68.7%), staghorn calculi (65.5%) and presence of anatomical barriers, the additional endourologic procedures need to be indicated.
Calculi ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy* ; Patient Selection ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureteroscopy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been established as the first line procedure of urinary stone treatment. To evaluate clinical efficacy and to identify the criteria of proper patient selection tempered by understanding of the limitations of the ESWL therapy available. We reviewed 2500 patients with urinary stone treated by ESWL using the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor between June, 1989 and May, 1995. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The total average success rate of treatment was 92.6%. 2. The success rate according to stone locations were 88% in kidney (1074/1214 cases), 93.5% in ureter(1275/1323 cases) and 92.7% in bladder (38/41 cases). 3. The success rate according to stone size measured on the KUB film were 98.0% below 10mm, 91.0% in 11 - 20mm, 80.0% in 21 - 30mm and 68.7% over 31mm. 4. The average numbers of treatment were 2.3 sessions and the mean number of shock per treatment were 1940 +- 230. 5. Of the 2578 cases, 2178(84.5%) were treated by ESWL monotherapy. For auxiliary procedure, Double-J stents were placed in 64 cases and nephrostomy in 49 cases. Stone manipulation including push back, Dormia basket, Ureteroscopy were performed in 161 cases. We conclude that as a highly effective and minimally invasive treatment modality, ESWL has become to be the therapy of choice in 85.5% of urinary stones. When ESWL therapy is less effective for stone size larger than 3 cm(68.7%), staghorn calculi (65.5%) and presence of anatomical barriers, the additional endourologic procedures need to be indicated.
Calculi ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy* ; Patient Selection ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureteroscopy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*