To determine the effectiveness of unilateral medical rectus recession and lateral rectus resection in esotropia, surgical outcome was reviewed. We excluded paralytic strabismus, refractive esotropia and nonrefractive esotropia with high AC/A. Of 128 cases, 60 cases were male, 68 cases were female. At the amount of surgery, age distribution was from 11 month to 55 years. Preoperative angle of deviation was from 12 delta to 95 delta. We treated the patients with varying amount of unilateral medial rectus recession from 2.5mm to 8mm and unilateral lateral rectus resection from 2.5mm to 10mm. Following 31 months in average, 102(79.69%) showed successful alignment(orthporia +/-10 delta). The average amount of correction amount was 30.42 delta.
Age Distribution ; Esotropia* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Strabismus

To determine the effectiveness of unilateral medical rectus recession and lateral rectus resection in esotropia, surgical outcome was reviewed. We excluded paralytic strabismus, refractive esotropia and nonrefractive esotropia with high AC/A. Of 128 cases, 60 cases were male, 68 cases were female. At the amount of surgery, age distribution was from 11 month to 55 years. Preoperative angle of deviation was from 12 delta to 95 delta. We treated the patients with varying amount of unilateral medial rectus recession from 2.5mm to 8mm and unilateral lateral rectus resection from 2.5mm to 10mm. Following 31 months in average, 102(79.69%) showed successful alignment(orthporia +/-10 delta). The average amount of correction amount was 30.42 delta.
Age Distribution ; Esotropia* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Strabismus

Congenital arteriovenous(AV) communications of retinal circulation are rare developmental anomalies, exsisting alone or in association with ipsilateral vascular anomalies of the mid brain, cranial sinuses and skin. These are usually unilateral. We report a case of bilateral congenital arteriovenous communication. The right eye showed group III arteriovenous communication of retina with vitreous hemorrhage. The left eye showed group II arteriovenous communication combined with group I.
Brain ; Cranial Sinuses ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Skin ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

No abstract available.
Heart Defects, Congenital* ; Plasma*

Pyogenic vertebral osteomyelitis is rare. It most commonly occurs at the lumbar area and in the fifth to seventh decades of life. Most individuals present with back pain, abdominal pain, hip pain and meningeal syndrome. We experienced three cases of unusual patterns of pyogenic osteomyelitis. The first case developed after sepsis. The second case developed after open fracture and infection of other site. The third case was misdiagnosed as metastatic cancer. We present these cases with a brief review of literatures.
Abdominal Pain ; Back Pain ; Fractures, Open ; Hip ; Osteomyelitis ; Sepsis ; Spondylitis*

PURPOSE: Knee IVIR images were repeatedly obtained after intravenous administration of gadopentetate dimeglumine to evaluate the arthrographic effect and to determine the optimal scan timing and technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sagittal Tl-weighted (650/15) sequences were repeated before and after intravenous gadolinium enhancement in 26 patients who were divided into exercise (14/26) and nonexercise (12/26) groups. Fourteen patients in exercise group were allowed to move the affected knee joint actively for 10 minutes immediately after the first post-enhancement scan and before repeating scans. The signal intensities in central and peripheral portions of the joint were measured and compared between these two groups. RESULTS: In all cases, enhancement of joint fluid began at peripheral portion and progressed toward central portion. The diffusion rate in exercise group was far faster than that in nonexercise group and homogeneous arthrographic image was revealed within 10 minutes after completion of joint movement. The arthrographic effect continued and the rate of signal decrease was quite slow. CONCLUSION: MR arthrographic image of knee joint can be obtained within 10 minutes after completion of a few minute exercise following intravenous injection of gadopentetate dimeglumine. Intravenous MR arthrography is expected to become an useful method as a convenient alternative to direct MR arthrography.
Administration, Intravenous ; Arthrography* ; Diffusion ; Gadolinium ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Humans ; Injections, Intravenous ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee*

p73, a first p53 relative, has been identified at chromosome 1p36, a region that is deleted in variety of human cancers. This protein shares strong homology with p53 protein, suggesting functional similarities with p53. Indeed, p73 can activate p53 downstream genes inducing apoptosis or growth arrest in tumor cells lacking p53. This phenomenon leads us to investigate the function of p73 in ovarian cancer because aberrant p53 was very frequently found in this cancer. We hypothesize that DNA damaging agents trigger p53 dependent apoptotic pathway through p73 instead of p53 in ovarian cancer having aberrant p53. We selected SKOV3 ovarian cancer cell line having no p53 gene and treated this cell line with cisplatin. After the treatment, we examined the transcriptional level of p73 and p21. Moreover, to identify whether the status of p53 influence to the function of p73, we performed same experiment after inserting adenovirus mediated p53(Avp53) into cell line. We detected significantly increased transcripts of p73 whcn treated with cisplatin. But treated with Avp53 or combined treatment with cisplatin, the transcriptional levels were not changed. These data suggest that overexpression of p73 may be important to trigger apoptotic pathway when the p53 gene is lost, but not so important in cells having normal p53.
Adenoviridae ; Apoptosis ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin ; DNA ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Ovarian Neoplasms*

Fetal thymus may be the organ for NK cell maturation, but the in vivo evidences are few, Here, by analyzing NK cell receptor, we present that NK cells develop in fetal thymus and fetal liver and that NK cell receptor appears earlier than the expression CD16 or CD56. Moreover, the finding that the repertoire of NK cell receptor is different between fetal thymus and fetal liver lymphocytes suggests that the environmental factors may influence the NK cell receptor repertoire during NK cell maturation.
Killer Cells, Natural* ; Liver* ; Lymphocytes* ; Thymocytes* ; Thymus Gland

OBJECTIVE: To test if the intake of H2 receptor antagonists (H2-RAs) increases the risk of gastric cancer in the elderly. METHODS: The source population for this study was drawn from the responders to a questionnaire survey administered to the Korea Elderly Pharmacoepidemiological Cohort (KEPEC), who were beneficiaries of the Korean Medical Insurance Corporation, were at least 65 years old, and residing in Busan in 1993. The information on H2-RAs exposure was obtained from a drug prescription database compiled between Jan. 1993 and Dec. 1994. The cases consisted of 76 gastric cancer patients, as confirmed from the KMIC claims data, the National Cancer Registry and the Busan Cancer Registry. The follow-up period was from Jan. 1993 to Dec. 1998. Cancer free controls were randomly selected by 1:4 individual matching, which took in to consideration the year of birth and gender. Information on confounders was collected by a mail questionnaire survey. The odds ratios, and their 95% confidence intervals, were calculated using a conditional logistic regression model. RESULTS: After adjusting for a history of gastric ulcer symptoms, medication history, and body mass index, the adjusted OR (aOR) was 4.6 (95% CI=1.72-12.49). The odds ratio of long term use (more than 7 days) was 2.3 (95% CI=1.07-4.82). The odds ratio of short term use was 4.6 (95% CI=1.26-16.50). The odds ratio of parenteral use was 4.4 (95% CI=1.16-17.05) and combination use between the oral and parenteral routes (aOR, 16.8; 95% CI=1.21-233.24) had the high risk of gastric cancer. The aOR of cimetidine was 1.7 (95% CI=1.04-2.95). The aOR of ranitidine was 2.0 (95% CI=1.21-3.40). The aOR of famotidine was 1.7 (95% CI=0.98-2.80). CONCLUSION: The intake of H2-RAs might increase the risk of gastric cancer through achlorhydria in the elderly.
Achlorhydria ; Aged* ; Body Mass Index ; Busan ; Case-Control Studies* ; Cimetidine ; Cohort Studies ; Drug Prescriptions ; Famotidine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Insurance ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Odds Ratio ; Parturition ; Pharmacoepidemiology ; Postal Service ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ranitidine ; Stomach Neoplasms* ; Stomach Ulcer

The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of color Doppler scoring system in characterization of ovarian masses. We performed transabdominal or transvaginal color Doppler sonopaphy on 82 women with ovarian masses and analyzed the sonographic findings. Ovarian lesions were assessed by means of morphological and color Doppler scoring system by Kurjak. Tumors were characterized by ultrasonographic findings as benign or suspected of being malignant. Then the results of each scoring systems were correlated with histopathological findings. The results were as follows; Of 82 ovarian masses, 64 were benign lesions(13 mucinous cystadenomas, 16 endometriomas, 20 teratomas, 8 serous cystadenomas, and 13 other abnormalities), and 18 were malignant(12 cancers and 6 borderline tumors). The color Doppler scoring system was useful in distinguishing malignant from benign masses, with a sensitivity of 88.2%, compared with the morphological scoring system of 86.7%. The specificity of color Doppler and morphological scoring system were 95.4% and 92.5%, respectively. The sensitivity of combination of both scoring systems was 88.9%, with a specificity of 96.9%. In conclusion, color Doppler scoring system is a useful tool in predicting the malignancy of ovarian lesions especially combined with morphological scoring system.
Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; Diagnosis* ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Humans ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Teratoma ; Ultrasonography