Fracture of the tibial shaft is one of the most common fractures of the long bones and frequently followed by malunion, delayed union and nonunion. We experienced the cases of further increase in the angulation after clinical union of the tibial shaft fractures treated by conservative method. So we analyzed 39 cases of tibial shaft fractures which were followed up from 12 weeks to 37 weeks after clinical union in adults. The results were as follows; l. 7 of the 39 cases(18%) showed the increase in the angulation, and all of them were male. 2. Increase in the angulation occurred more frequenlty in the comminuted fractures than simple fractures. 3. The increment of angulation was more marked in group of patients with higher angulation at the time of clinical union. 4. Increase in the angulation occurred more commonly in the cases not associated with fibula fracture than in the cases associated with fibula fracture. 5. Further increase in the angulation was less common in the cases in whom early weight bearing with PTB cast was started.
Adult ; Fibula ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Tibia ; Weight-Bearing

A clinical observation was made on 54 cases of renal tuberculosis who were admitted to the Department of Urology, Soon-Chun-Hyaing College Hospital during the period from January, 1977 to December, 1981. The following results were obtained. 1. The incidence of renal tuberculosis was 7.5% of all urological in-patients. 2. The most common age group was 20-49 years (68.5%) and male to female ratio was 1.8:1. 3. Both kidneys were affected in 8 cases (14.8%), while 26 cases (48.2%) in right and 20 cases (37%) were in left kidney. 4. The most frequent subjective complaints was frequency in 62.9% and hematuria in 40.7%, flank pain in 38.9%, painful urination in 29.6%, nocturia in 27.8% in order of their frequency. 5. Eleven (20.4%) of 54 cases were associated with pulmonary tuberculosis. 6. Urinary findings revealed pyuria in 68.5%, proteinuria in 66.7% and hematuria in 53.7%. 7. On the intravenous pyelogram, non-visualization of the kidney was found in 31.5%, hydronephrosis in 24.1%and destruction of calices in 20.4%. 8.Cystoscopic findings showed active lesions of cystitis in 47.9%, fibrosis with trabeculation in 20.8%, deformed ureteral orifice in 18.8% and contracted bladder in 14.6%. 9. Nephrectomy was done in 26 cases (48.1%), ureteric reimplantation in 2 cases. cutaneous ureterostomy in 1case and nephrostomy in 1 case.
Cystitis ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Nocturia ; Proteinuria ; Pyuria ; Replantation ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Tuberculosis, Renal* ; Ureter ; Ureterostomy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urination ; Urology

In order to find a highly efficient compound against Clonorchis infection, the anthelmintic activity of disophenol, Tremerad (SYD-230), dithiazanine iodide, dehydroemetine-late-release tablets(RO 1-9334/20), niridazole (Ambilhar), hexachlorophene (G-11), Hetol(1, 4-bis-trichloromethylbenzol) and Bilevon (niclofolan) was tested against Clonorchis sinensis experimentally infected rabbits. All drugs showed a progressive increase in efficacy as the dose rate. They were highly efficient against Clonorchis infection if sufficiently high, potentially toxic doses were given. The efficacy was evaluated by the number of detected worms with vital condition at autopsy after the treatment with above drugs. The high efficacy was observed at the following dose rates of each drugs, i.e. disophenol at a single dose of 30 mg/kg, Tremerad at the daily dose of 200 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days, dithiazanine iodide at the daily dose of 50 mg/kg for 6 consecutive days, dehydroemetine at the daily dose of 10 mg/kg for 10 consecutive days, hexachlorophene at the daily dose of 20 mg/kg for 10 to 15 consecutive days, Hetol at the daily doses from 50 to 100 mg/kg for 5 to 10 consecutive days, and Bilevon at a single dose of 8 mg/kg. Moderate effectiveness was shown in niridazole at the dose of 25 mg/kg for 10 days medication. The use of these anthelmintics for the clinical treatment of Clonorchis sinensis infection is discussed.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; chemotherapy-Clonorchis sinensis ; clonorchiasis-rabbit ; disophenol ; Tremerad (SYD-230) ; dithiazanine iodide ; dehydroemetine-late-release tablets(RO 1-9334/20) ; niridazole (Ambilhar) ; hexachlorophene (G-11) ; Hetol(1, 4-bis-trichloromethylbenxol) ; Bilevon (niclofolan)

No abstract available.
Kartagener Syndrome*

In glaucoma filtering surgery, we conducted subconjunctival injection of Mitomycin-C(MMC) 12 hours before and after surgery, and examined histologic findings of the filtering bleb, and condition of the anterior chamber which ensued after the injection. We divided 15 full-grown rabbits into three groups, and for each group, administered subconjunctivally 0.1cc of 0.002%, 0.004%, and 0.008% MMC, respectively. The subconjunctival injection of MMC before surgery was given to the right eye and post-surgical injection to the left, and we examined the results 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days after the administration.In conclusion, subconjunctival injection of MMC 12 hours before glaucoma filtering surgery is shown to be more effective than the injection after the surgery.
Anterior Chamber ; Blister* ; Filtering Surgery* ; Glaucoma* ; Mitomycin* ; Rabbits

A clinical observation was made on the injuring of genitourinary tract of in-patients in the Department of Urology, Soon-Chun-Hyang College Hospital during the period from January. 1977 to December, 1980 for 4 years. There results were as follows; 1. Of 505 cases hospitalized, 86 cases have shown injuries of genitourinary tract, giving a ratio of 17%. 2. The age ranged from 4 to 67 years, and of these cases the favorable ages were those from 11 to 40 years for 73.3%. 3. Traffic accident was the most frequent cause of the injuries it 54.7%. 4. The kidney was involved most frequently (41.9%) and the involvement of the urethra was 27.9%. 5. Nephrectomy was performed in 6 cases (16.7%) of 36 renal injuries. 6. The ureteral injuries were occurred by traffic accident in 1 case and during uterine surgery in 1 case. 7. Six cases of 15 bladder injuries and 14 cases of 24 urethral injuries were accompanied with pelvic bone fracture.
Accidents, Traffic ; Kidney ; Nephrectomy ; Pelvic Bones ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urology

No abstract available.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been established as the first line procedure of urinary stone treatment. To evaluate clinical efficacy and to identify the criteria of proper patient selection tempered by understanding of the limitations of the ESWL therapy available. We reviewed 2500 patients with urinary stone treated by ESWL using the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor between June, 1989 and May, 1995. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The total average success rate of treatment was 92.6%. 2. The success rate according to stone locations were 88% in kidney (1074/1214 cases), 93.5% in ureter(1275/1323 cases) and 92.7% in bladder (38/41 cases). 3. The success rate according to stone size measured on the KUB film were 98.0% below 10mm, 91.0% in 11 - 20mm, 80.0% in 21 - 30mm and 68.7% over 31mm. 4. The average numbers of treatment were 2.3 sessions and the mean number of shock per treatment were 1940 +- 230. 5. Of the 2578 cases, 2178(84.5%) were treated by ESWL monotherapy. For auxiliary procedure, Double-J stents were placed in 64 cases and nephrostomy in 49 cases. Stone manipulation including push back, Dormia basket, Ureteroscopy were performed in 161 cases. We conclude that as a highly effective and minimally invasive treatment modality, ESWL has become to be the therapy of choice in 85.5% of urinary stones. When ESWL therapy is less effective for stone size larger than 3 cm(68.7%), staghorn calculi (65.5%) and presence of anatomical barriers, the additional endourologic procedures need to be indicated.
Calculi ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy* ; Patient Selection ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureteroscopy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) has been established as the first line procedure of urinary stone treatment. To evaluate clinical efficacy and to identify the criteria of proper patient selection tempered by understanding of the limitations of the ESWL therapy available. We reviewed 2500 patients with urinary stone treated by ESWL using the Northgate SD-3 lithotriptor between June, 1989 and May, 1995. The results were obtained as follows: 1. The total average success rate of treatment was 92.6%. 2. The success rate according to stone locations were 88% in kidney (1074/1214 cases), 93.5% in ureter(1275/1323 cases) and 92.7% in bladder (38/41 cases). 3. The success rate according to stone size measured on the KUB film were 98.0% below 10mm, 91.0% in 11 - 20mm, 80.0% in 21 - 30mm and 68.7% over 31mm. 4. The average numbers of treatment were 2.3 sessions and the mean number of shock per treatment were 1940 +- 230. 5. Of the 2578 cases, 2178(84.5%) were treated by ESWL monotherapy. For auxiliary procedure, Double-J stents were placed in 64 cases and nephrostomy in 49 cases. Stone manipulation including push back, Dormia basket, Ureteroscopy were performed in 161 cases. We conclude that as a highly effective and minimally invasive treatment modality, ESWL has become to be the therapy of choice in 85.5% of urinary stones. When ESWL therapy is less effective for stone size larger than 3 cm(68.7%), staghorn calculi (65.5%) and presence of anatomical barriers, the additional endourologic procedures need to be indicated.
Calculi ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lithotripsy* ; Patient Selection ; Shock* ; Stents ; Ureteroscopy ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Calculi*

Vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma is a very rare malignant disease and it has been known to be associated with in utero exposure to DES. We expreienced a case of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the cagina in 40 years ole woman, and present the case with a brief review of related literatures.
Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell* ; Female ; Humans ; Vagina*