The clinicopathological study was performed on 80 patients with urinary bladder tumor between 1973 and 1983. The histopathological survey was carried out using preserved tumor specimen slide on the retrospective fashion, that included the growth pattern and vessel invasion. The results were as follows : 1. The tumor histology were papillary and nonpapillary in 70 %, and 30 %, respectively in growth pattern and 74 transitional cell carcinoma(TCC), 3 squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), 2 adenocarcinoma (AC) and 1 mucoepithermoid carcinoma in cell type. 2. The Fade of TCC, Go, G1. G2 and G3 were 1.4%, 36.5%, 39.2% and 22.9% respectively, and the stage of those, in which superficial tumors(pTis-pT1) and invasive tumors( pT2-pT4) were 57.0% and 30.8% respectively. The histopathological mode of local spread was to have strands, nests and individual cells in about one sixth, lymphatic invasion in about one third and venous invasion in about one fifth. 3. The intramural hispathological mode of local spread (INF alpha,beta, and alpha), lymphatic invasion ( lyo, 1 and 2) and venous invasion were highly significant with respect to the hispathological grade and stage, and also within mutual relationship on the other hand.
Adenocarcinoma ; Hand ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder*

Sexual impotence from positioning on the fracture table is rare complication. We are reporting a case of pudendal nerve neurapraxia associated with pressure from the perineal post of the fracture table in 42 years old male with hip fracture. Historical reviews and suggestion for prophylactic measures are also reported in this paper.
Erectile Dysfunction ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Pudendal Nerve ; Traction

BACKGROUND: The paired vestibular end organs lie within the semicircular canal of the inner ear in the temporal bones. It plays a role on the control of posture through the vestibuloocular reflex and the vestibulo-spinal reflex. Motion sickness-like symptoms induced by the abnormal stimulation of the vestibular system suggested that the vestibular system participate in the autonomic nervous function. The present study was carried out to determine the role of the vestibular system on the control of blood pressure by way of the autonomic nervous system. METHODS: Blood pressure was measured by means of pressure transducer during stimulation of the vestibular system or following bilateral labyrinthectomies in Sprague-Dawley rats weighing from 200 to 300g. RESULTS: 1) Blood pressure was elevated by electrical stimulation of the vestibular nerve. 2) Also, the pressure was elevated when the vestibular system was excited or inhibited by rotatory stimulation or galvanic stimulation. 3) The pattern of elevation in blood pressure which induced by electrical stimulation of the vestibular nucleus showed a dynamic response at stimulation frequency of 200Hz and a static response at 50Hz. 4) Elevation of blood pressure induced by vestibular sitmulation was more inhibited following bilateral cervical sympathectomies than following bilateral vagotomies. 5) Decreasing the blood pressure induced by positional change of the body was reinforced following bilateral labyrinthectomies. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the vestibular system plays a role on the control of blood pressure by way of the autonomic nervous system as well as on the control of posture, therefore, the vestibular system prevents blood pressure from decreasing by positional change of the body.
Animals ; Autonomic Nervous System ; Blood Pressure* ; Ear, Inner ; Electric Stimulation ; Posture ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reflex ; Reflex, Vestibulo-Ocular ; Semicircular Canals ; Sympathectomy ; Temporal Bone ; Transducers, Pressure ; Vagotomy ; Vestibular Nerve

OBJECTIVE: Rebamipide is a propionic acid derivative that has an action of the inhibition of superoxide production and removal of hydroxyl radical with the sperm incubation and cryopreservation. In the present study, to investigate whether rebamipide is useful to treat male infertility and sterility, the author observed the antioxidative effects in patient with male infertility and also examined its absorption and distribution in rat genital organ. METHODS: To measure the distribution of rebamipide in reproductive organ in the rat, carbon indicated rebamipide, 14C-OPC-12759, was orally administered to 10 Spraque-Dawley rats and its organ concentration in serum, liver, kidney, stomach, duodenum, colon, urinary bladder, seminal vesicle, epididymis and testicle were measured each time after 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours by using HPLC fluorescent method. The concentrations in semen were measured by HPLC fluorescent method in a sample of 50 infertile males who took 900 mg of rebamipide daily for 3 months. To measure the antioxidative effect and fertility rate for 3 months, each month before and after the treatment, sperm motility, vitality, the oxygen free radical formation, level of peroxidation, fetilizing capacity of semen sample which were obtained from infertile male patients by masturbation after at least 48 hours abstinence were analyzed by computer assisted semen analyzer, eosin-nigrosin stain, chemiluminescence, thiobarbituric acid method and hypo-osmotic swelling test. Simultaneously in a sample that wanted baby, both pregnancy and delivery were researched. RESULTS: The 14C-OPC-12759 concentration in the body of white rats was highest in gastrointestinal organ like stomach, smal intestine and duodenum and followed by genital organ like seminal vesicle, testis and epididymis. The rebamipide concentration in semen of infertile males was 220.77+/-327.84 ng/mL (SD) which showed a large deviation but it was higher than serum which was 126+/-76 ng/mL (SD). In the infertile males, after the treatment with rebamipide, the level of seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation have significantly decreased in duration of the treatment (p<0.05) and sperm vitality and fertilizing capacity except sperm motility significantly improved on post treatment of 2~3 months (p<0.05). Out of the 41 cases who hoped for pregnancy, 15 cases (36.6%) became pregnant and 12 cases had childbrith, 2 cases had miscarriage and one case is ongoing. The side effect was observed in 1 case (2%) which experienced diarrhea but it was lost spontaneously. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude from this study that rebamipide showed relatively high tendancy of absorption and excretion in the genital organ. In infertile males who had elevated ROS in semen, by specifically inhibiting the cell damage from the antioxidation, a way to preserve sperm motility, vitality and fertilizing capacity was confirmed.
Abortion, Spontaneous ; Absorption* ; Animals ; Birth Rate ; Carbon ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Colon ; Cryopreservation ; Diarrhea ; Diethylpropion ; Duodenum ; Epididymis ; Female ; Genitalia ; Hope ; Humans ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Intestines ; Kidney ; Lipid Peroxidation ; Liver ; Luminescence ; Male ; Masturbation ; Oxygen ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; Semen ; Seminal Vesicles ; Sperm Motility ; Spermatozoa ; Stomach ; Superoxides ; Testis ; Urinary Bladder

No abstract available.
Aromatherapy* ; Primary Health Care*

To determine the concentration and the physiologic role of metal components in blood plasma and seminal plasma in relation to male infertility, the concentrations of twelve metal components in blood plasma and seminal plasma including Na, Mg, K, Ca, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Se, Cd and Pb were measured by atomic absorbance spectrophotometery or ion selective electrode analysis. Semen and blood samples were obtained from a total of 110 men including 70 male infertility patients, 20 vasectomized persons and 20 fertility proven volunteers visited to the Male Infertility Clinic of Pusan National University Hospital. The concentrations of Ca, Zn, Mg, Cr and Cd in control group were higher in seminal plasma than in blood plasma, and additionally Pb were higher in infertility group. The concentrations of all metal components revealed no significant difference according to patients' age, resident, occupation, sperm density, motility and hormone level in blood plasma, but some metal components including Ca, Mg, Cu, Mn, Cd and Pb revealed a significant difference according to each these parameters except patient's age in seminal plasma. The concentrations of Mn, Cd and Pb in the vasectomy persons were higher than in the infertility group III including testicular and epididymal factors, but not in blood plasma. We conclude that the quantitative changes of metal components in the seminal plasma may have effects on not only spermatogenesis and sperm function, but also contribute to diagnostic parameter according to organ specificity of the metal in the male reproduction.
Busan ; Electrodes ; Fertility ; Humans ; Infertility ; Infertility, Male ; Male* ; Occupations ; Organ Specificity ; Plasma ; Reproduction ; Semen* ; Spermatogenesis ; Spermatozoa ; Vasectomy ; Volunteers

OBJECTIVE: To assess the association with autoimmune endocrine diseases and detection rate of autoimmune antibodies and its clinical significance in patients with premature ovarian failure. METHODS: Twenty eight patients with primary or secondary amenorrhea manifesting hormonal and clinical features of premature ovarian failure (primary POF: 7, secondary POF: 21) were investigated. We tested them TFT, 75 g OGTT, ACTH and S-cortisol for thyroiditis, IDDM, Addison's disease, and antithyoglobulin antibody, antimicrosomal antibody, antinuclear antibody, rheumatic factor, anti-smooth muscle antibody, anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody for non-organ specific autoimmune disorders. RESULTS: Only one patient was diagnosed as IDDM and no patients had abnormal TFT or adrenal function test. More than one kind of autoantibody was detected in 11 patients of all (39.2%): 5 patients (71.4%) of primary POF group and 6 patients (21.4%) of secondary POF group. Eleven patients (39.3%) had antithyroglobulin antibody, 4 (14.3%) had antimicrosomal antibody, 2 (7.1%) had antinuclear antibody, 2 (7.1%) had rheumatic factor, 1 (3.6%) had anti-smooth muscle antibody, 1 (3.6%) had anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody. CONCLUSIONS: Premature ovarian failure may occur as a component of an autoimmune polyglandular syndrome, so patients should be measured with free thyroxine, thyroid-stimulating hormone, fasting glucose and electrolytes. Measurement of thyroid autoantibodies in POF patients may be important in identifying patients at risk of developing overt hypothyoidism, but other autoantibodies may not be suitable for screening test.
Addison Disease ; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ; Amenorrhea ; Antibodies ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Autoantibodies ; Autoimmune Diseases* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 ; Electrolytes ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Fasting ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency* ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine

No abstract available.
Humans

The purpose of this study is to compare the biologic properties of tendon to hone healing and hone to hone healing in knee ligament reconstruction. The lateral 4mm of patellar tendon which was detached from its tihial insertion site either subperiostcally(group I) or with a bone block(group II) was implanted and fixed using pullout method to the proximal tihia. Ten rabbits were killed at each of four time periods (two, four, eight and twelve weeks after the implantation), and the histological and biomechanical characteristics of thc graft healing sites were evaluated. Serial histological analysis of tendon to hone healing group revealed organization of the healing site similar to normal tendon to hone attachment by twelve weeks, while hone to bone healing group demonstrated direct hony union by eight weeks. The tension failure test for the patellapatellar tendon graft - tihia complex revealed that group II had significantly higher values than group I at four and eight weeks. The findings ot this study demonstrated that bone to hone healing has more rapid process than tendon to hone healing, although no significant difference was noted once the healing has matured. We can suggest lhat the duration and extent of postoperative protection of the knee for pntients who had a reconstruction of a ligament using hone - lendon autograft should be longer and higher than lor patients who had a reconstruction using hone - tendon hone autogralf.
Autografts* ; Dronabinol ; Humans ; Knee ; Ligaments ; Patellar Ligament* ; Rabbits* ; Tendons* ; Transplants

Intracavernous (IC) injection therapy of vasoactive agents is now being widely choser as the first armamentarium for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction, nevertheless, has a troublesome problems due to the drug delivery vehicle with needle. Therefore, the less invasive route of drug administration has been needed. We investigated the efficacy and safety of intraurethral (IU) instillation of lyposomal prostaglandin E1 on the induction of penile erection. Thirty patients with male erectile dysfunction were enrolled in a prospective study. Overall, 73.3% of cases were responded with 33.3% of full erection and 40% of partial erection after IU instillation. IU self-instillation at home was more effective than at clinic on the induction of penile erection. It is somewhat effective in cases of diabetogenic, psychogenic, neurogenic and mild vasculogenic erectile dysfunction but much less effective in severe vasculogenic and cavernosal disease. Interval of onset and duration of erection were delayed and shortened in IU instillation rather than IC injection. Side effect were mild and transient urethral pain with the most frequent incidence and followed by transient hypotension in less. In conclusion, intraurethral instillation of lyposomal prostaglandin E1 can be selected as one of therapeutic modality to restore the penile erection for some limited patients with erectile dysfunction to want to select a less invasive treatment lternative.
Alprostadil* ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Humans ; Hypotension ; Incidence ; Male ; Needles ; Penile Erection* ; Prospective Studies