No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Laser Therapy* ; Prostate*

PURPOSE: Penile fracture is a traumatic injury of the tunica albuginea of the corpus cavernosum during the erectile state. The aims of this study were to evaluate whether the differences of clinical manifestations according to age is present or not in the patients with penile fracture. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 52 patients that were admitted to the department of urology after being diagnosed with penile fracture. History taking, physical examination, radiographic study, and operation were performed as needed. We divided patients into two groups on the basis of 40 years old, and we compared clinical manifestations and operative findings between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 41.4, and the most common cause of injury was sexual intercourse in both groups, but the elapsed time from the injury to arrival at hospital was longer in the young age group than the middle age group (p<0.05). In the aspect of the rupture of tunica albuginea, injury to the right and proximal part of the penis was most common in both groups. Transverse rupture was more prevalent, and the length of the rupture line was also longer in the middle and old age group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study supports that sexual intercourse is the most common cause of penile fracture in our country, and the majority of both groups have rupture of tunica albuginea at the right proximal part of the penis. However, the degree of rupture is severe, and elapsed time from the injury to arrival at hospital was relatively shorter in the middle and old age group than the young age group.
Adult ; Coitus ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Penis ; Physical Examination ; Rupture ; Urology

No abstract available.
Malignant Atrophic Papulosis*

Voiding dysfunction is very common in Alzheimer's disease, especially urinary incontinence with reported frequencies of 11-90%. Urinary incontinence occurs secondarily from dementia, can result in medical morbidity, impaired self-esteem of the patents, caregiver's stress, early institutionalization of the patients, and considerable financial cost. Many studies have found that the frequency and severity of incontinence is positively correlated with the severity of dementia and the inability to walk or transfer. Research on the management of urinary incontinence in demented patients has focused almost exclusively on toileting programs and drug treatments for detrusor overactivity. To date, anticholinergic and antispasmodic medications have not been shown to be effective in treating incontinence in demented persons. Therefore we have to study about the etiology and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Alzheimer Disease ; Dementia* ; Humans ; Institutionalization ; Urinary Incontinence

The International Continence Society (ICS) defines urinary incontinence (UI) as the complaint of any involuntary leakage of urine. The common pathophysiology of UI in women involves an overactive detrusor or an incompetent urethral sphincter. Therefore UI is categorized as stress urinary incontinence (SUI), urge urinary incontinence (UUI), mixed urinary incontinence (MUI) and overflow incontinence. SUI and UUI are the two most common types of UI in women. According to Korean national survey in 2005, the prevalence of UI is 24.4% and the prevalence of UI increased with age. Of those women, 48.8% reported SUI, 7.7% UUI, 41.6% mixed UI. Therefore the proper diagnostic work-up is needed to increase clinical outcome because many treatment options are being in women with UI. Non-invasive treatments include behavioral therapy, pharmacotherapy. Especially anticholinergics are the cornerstone of UUI treatment, whereas surgical treatments, such as TOT, TVT, are considered as a gold standard of SUI treatment. The cure rate of TOT or TVT surgery for SUI revealed 80-90% according to many studies and complication rate is reported about 5%. Therefore, by effectively identifying and treating incontinence it is possible to significantly improve patients' quality of life.
Cholinergic Antagonists ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder, Overactive ; Urinary Incontinence

No abstract available.
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A*

OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with breast cancer and to identify demographic variables and clinical characteristics impact on depressive symptoms and health related quality of life in patients with breast cancer in a university hospital. METHODS: Fourty-one patients with breast cancer were selected, who had visited the department of General surgery of the Wonkwang University hospital with a diagnosis of breast cancer regularly during the period November, 2010-May, 2011. All of subjects were evaluated for the depression, anxiety and the health related quality of life with Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), anxiety subscale of Personality Assessment Inventory(PAI) and Short-Form 36 Health Survey-Korean version(SF-36-K). Patients were divided into depressive symptoms and non-depressive symptoms group according to the BDI score. We compared SF-36-K between two groups, and analized multiple regression with depression and health related quality of life as criterion variables and demographic and clinical characteristics. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression in patients with breast cancer in a University hospital was 36.4%. Compared to the non-depression, depressed patients with breast cancer appeared significantly lower mean scores on six subscales in SF-36-K : Physical function(p<.01), Role-physical(p<.001), General health(p<.05), Social function(p<.001), Role-emotional(p<.001) and Mental health(p<.001). But there was no significant difference between two groups in Vitality and Bodily pain. Anxiety, level of education and presence of enforcement of chemotherapy(63.6%) were significant explanation variables for depressive symptoms. And type of surgery and age (55.8%) were significant explanation variables for health related quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of depressive symptoms in patients with breast cancer in a University hospital was 36%. The depressive symptoms had not only negative impact on the health related quality of life but also important explanation variable for health related quality of life. These results suggest that depressive symptoms in patients with breast cancer should be evaluated and treated for improving patient's health related quality of life.
Anxiety ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Depression ; Humans ; Personality Assessment ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life

The operative treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures has three principal aims; restoration of the height and width of the calcaneus, reconstruction of the subtalar and calcaneocuboid joint surfaces, and stable osteosynthesis. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the effectiveness of the open reduction and internal fixation by the extended lateral approach for the treatment of the intraarticular calcaneal fractures. Twenty-one calcaneal fractures of 20 patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation using an extended lateral approach from April, 1993 to March, 1994. The autogenous iliac bone graft was done in all patients. These patients were evaluated from 12 to 24 months (average 15.2 months) after surgery. The following results were obtained; 1. Seventecn cases (80%) out of 21 were estimated as good or excellent result. 2. Preoperative Bohler's angles, Gissane's angles and inclination angles were observed as average -0.5degrees, 101degrees and 38degrees respectively, and these were improved as average 23.3degrees, 117degrees and 54degrees, postoperatively. 3. There were two cases of skin necrosis as complication. In conclusion, the extended lateral approach is one of the good methods for the treatment of intraarticular calcaneal fractures. We think that accurate reduction of the posterior facet, acceptable recovery of Bohler's angle and early postoperative mobilization are the most important things for the best result of the intraarticular calcaneal fracture surgery.
Calcaneus ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Joints ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Transplants

PURPOSE: The purpose of this seroepidmiologic study was to examine the immunization and infection history of rubella, positivity of rubella specific antibody, seroconversion rate of two rubella vaccines and to develop an adequate immunization program of rubella. Research Methods : Subjects of the study were 2.071 students of 8 priamary schools in Gyenggi-Do. Questionnaire and blood sampling were done. Test method of Rubella specific antibody was ELISA (Abbott IMx autoanalyzer). The anayltic methods for the study were chi-square-test, t-test and ANOVA. RESULTS: The results of the study were as follows : (1)The number of subjects who had infection history of rubella were only 28 students(1.5%). (2)The immunization rate of rubella was the highest in 6 year-old group(65%), it decrease as subjects grow older. (3)The positivity of rubella antibody was 76. 6%, it is the highest in 6 year old group and the lowest in 7 year-old group and it increase again as subjects grow older. (4)Average antibody titer was 53.3 IU(SD 79.2), the trend of antibody titer by age was similar to that of positivity. (5)The seroconversion rates of both vaccines, vaccine A,vaccine B, were 99.5% and 99.6%, the ratio of increase of antibody titer after immunization was higer than 400. it means that both vaccines are very efficacious. CONCLUSION: Results of the study suggest that it is necessary to increase the coverage of rubella immunization, and further studies are necessary to get more information for rubella.
Child ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Humans ; Immunization ; Immunization Programs ; Rubella* ; Seroepidemiologic Studies* ; Vaccines ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Sacral perineural cyst is one group of extradural meningeal cyst at the sacral region. These lesions are distinguished from other spinal cysts because perineural cyst does not communicate with subarachnoidal space. Fluid filled cysts may compress adjacent nerve roots causing low back pain and sciatica which are dramatically improved by surgical excision. Differential diagnosis from other cysts can be accomplished by failure of collection of dye into cyst by initial myelography. C-T myelography rules out other mass lesions and often reveals communication of perineural cyst that filled with contrast medium. Magnetic resonance imaging well demonstrates three dimensinnal configures of an intraspinal cystic mass in initial study. However it is important to recognize that these cysts are one of causes of radiculopathy. We report three cases of sacral perineural cysts with radiculopathy.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Low Back Pain ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Myelography ; Radiculopathy ; Sacrococcygeal Region ; Sciatica ; Tarlov Cysts*