1.The Clinical Survey on the Prevalence of Eye Diseases in Elderly Patients in Sungnam-Shi Area.
Kwang Bum KIM ; Jong Cheol PARK ; Beak Ran SONG ; Bon Sool KOO
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1993;34(12):1281-1286
We retrospectively surveyed total 628 outpatients(1,256 eyes) of age of 60 or over who visited our department of ophthalmology with review of diagnosis, visiual acuity and associated systemic diseases during 3 years from 1988 to 1990 at the Inha University Hospital. The most prevalent ocular disease was cataract, which was diagnosed in 30.7% of total patients. The other disorders comprised conjunctival diseases(21.5%), retinal disease(18.8%), refractive errors(6.5%), lid and lacrimal diseases(5.7%), corneal diseases(5.1%), vitreous diseases(4.6%), glaucoma(4.0%), optic nerve diseases(0.79%) and uveal diseases(0.79%). The blindess was definded as 0.1 or worse of corrected visual acuity and 28% of examined eyes were conuted as the blindness. Proportion of blindness by causes were as follwed: cataract(56%), corneal diseases(10%), diabetic retinopathy(8%), glaucoma(6%), hypertensive retinopathy(5%) and vitreous diseases(3%). Various systemic diseases were associated with ocular disorders in 24% of total cases. Among them, the most prevalent systemic disease was hypertension, 36%, and diabetes mellitus 30% in next, with the following of respiratory diseases 13%, heart diseases 6%, neurologic diseases 5%, hepatobiliary diseases 5%.
Aged*
;
Blindness
;
Cataract
;
Diabetes Mellitus
;
Diagnosis
;
Eye Diseases*
;
Gyeonggi-do*
;
Heart Diseases
;
Humans
;
Hypertension
;
Ophthalmology
;
Optic Nerve
;
Prevalence*
;
Retinaldehyde
;
Retrospective Studies
;
Visual Acuity
2.In vitro Evaluation of Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Activity of Nucleoside Derivatives and Studies on Their Mode of Action.
Chong Kyo LEE ; Dong Ki KIM ; Jee Hyun KIM ; Hae Soo KIM ; Mi Kyoung PI ; Jong Beak PARK ; Baek KIM
Journal of the Korean Society of Virology 1997;27(1):69-75
To evaluate in vitro anti-HIV efficacies of nucleoside derivatives, MT-4 cell line was infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 respectively and treated with various compounds and the formerly approved drugs such as AZT, d4T, ddC and ddI. CPE method was used to evaluate their antiviral activity Most dideoxynucleosides, AZT, d4T, ddC and ddI, showed anti-HIV activities against both viruses but no other compounds including anti-herpesvirus drugs did any. Further experiments were carried out to study their inhibitory mechanism of viral adsorption. The results showed no inhibition of syncytium formation due to an interaction between the gp120 expressed in HIV-infected cell surface and CD4 receptor on the uninfected cell surface in the presence of AZT. AZT showed no activity up to 100 microgram/ml. Inhibition of reverse transcriptase (RT) in the presence of AZT-triphosphate was tested by using RT expressed in E. coli and purified and its IC50 was 4.5 nM.
Adsorption
;
Cell Line
;
Dideoxynucleosides
;
Giant Cells
;
HIV-1
;
HIV-2
;
Inhibitory Concentration 50
;
RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase
;
Stavudine
3.Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma: Report of 2 Cases.
Han Sik KIM ; Byung Kook MIN ; Jeong Taik KWON ; Young Beak KIM ; Eon Sub PARK ; Kwan PARK ; Jong Sik SUK
Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society 1996;25(8):1679-1685
Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is a recently characterized neoplasm with relatively favorable prognosis despite aggressive histological features. Two cases of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma involving the left temporal lobe are reported, both occurring in adolescents. The tumor is considered to arise from the subpial astrocytes of the superficial cortex. Electron microscopic examination and immunoperoxidase stains for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) are helpful in making a definitive histologic diagnosis. In contrast to malignant gliomas, pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma does not appear to require aggressive postoperative radiation therapy or chemotherapy. Therefore, It is important to recognize and identify this type of glioma as a distinct entity.
Adolescent
;
Astrocytes
;
Coloring Agents
;
Diagnosis
;
Drug Therapy
;
Glioma
;
Humans
;
Prognosis
;
Temporal Lobe
4.Alternation of Cytokine mRNA Expression in Human Blood Samples before and after Allogeneic Transfusions.
Hyun Moon BEAK ; Chung Hyun NAHM ; Seung Kuk YOO ; Jong Weon CHOI ; Soo Hwan PAI ; Ji Won MO ; Chang Shin PARK
The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine 2003;23(4):287-291
BACKGROUND: Despite proposing clonal depletion, anergy, and alternation of cytokines in peripheral tolerance, the precise mechanism for the immunosuppressive effect of blood transfusion remains unknown. Here, we evaluated the effect of transfusion on the immune system indirectly via quantitation of leukocyte cytokine mRNA expression before and after allogeneic transfusion. METHODS: Samples were obtained from eight patients, being ordered one to four units of leukocytefree erythrocytes, before, 1, and 7 days after transfusion, from November to December, 2002 at Inha University Hospital. We explored the changes in mRNA expression of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). RESULTS: In four patients who received blood transfusions among eight, significant changes were observed in the blood mRNA levels of INF-gamma and IL-10. The amounts of IFN-gamma mRNA were significantly decreased a day after transfusion to 78.5% and then recovered to 110.9% 7 days later (P=0.032), whereas, that of IL-10 was increased to 151.5% a day after and recovered to 119.1% 7 days later (P=0.034). mRNA expressions of IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-alpha were not detected in all patients. CONCLUSIONS: We observed a significant decrease in leukocyte IFN-gamma mRNA expression and an increase in IL-10 mRNA after transfusion. These findings indirectly represent that down-regulation of the Th1 cells and the up-regulation of the Th2 cells could be caused by allogeneic transfusion.
Blood Transfusion
;
Cytokines
;
Down-Regulation
;
Erythrocytes
;
Humans
;
Immune System
;
Interferons
;
Interleukin-10
;
Interleukin-2
;
Interleukin-4
;
Leukocytes
;
Peripheral Tolerance
;
RNA, Messenger*
;
Th1 Cells
;
Th2 Cells
;
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
;
Up-Regulation
5.Cardiovascular Parameters Correlated with Metabolic Syndrome in a Rural Community Cohort of Korea: The ARIRANG Study.
Min Soo AHN ; Jang Young KIM ; Young Jin YOUN ; Seong Yoon KIM ; Sang Beak KOH ; Kyounghoon LEE ; Byung Su YOO ; Seung Hwan LEE ; Junghan YOON ; Jong ku PARK ; Kyung Hoon CHOE
Journal of Korean Medical Science 2010;25(7):1045-1052
Although metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality and the development of atherosclerosis, consensus is still lacking on the status of cardiovascular function and geometry in MetS patients. We investigated the relation between MetS and left ventricle (LV) geometry and function, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and arterial stiffness in a community-based cohort of 702 adult subjects. Subjects were categorized into three groups according to the number of MetS components present, as defined by the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines: 1) Absent (0 criteria), 2) Pre-MetS (1-2 criteria) or 3) MetS (> or =3 criteria). In female subjects, LV mass, LV mass/height(2.7), deceleration time, and aortic pulse wave velocity increased, and E/A ration decreased in a stepwise manner across the three groups. These changes were not observed in male subjects. The mean carotid IMT was higher in the MetS group than in the other two groups. The degree of MetS clustering is found to be strongly correlated with geometric eccentricity of LV hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction and arterial changes irrespective of age and blood pressure status, particularly in females. Waist circumference is found to have the most powerful effect on cardiovascular parameters.
Adult
;
Aged
;
Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology/*physiopathology
;
Cardiovascular System/pathology/*physiopathology
;
Carotid Arteries/anatomy & histology/physiology
;
*Cohort Studies
;
Female
;
Heart Ventricles/anatomy & histology
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Metabolic Syndrome X/complications/*physiopathology
;
Middle Aged
;
*Rural Population
;
Ventricular Function, Left/physiology
6.The Accuracy of Electrocardiogram Criteria for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Korean Cohort (Atherosclerosis Risk of a Rural Area Korean General Population).
Min Soo AHN ; Byung Su YOO ; Ji Hyun LEE ; Jun Won LEE ; Young Jin YOUN ; Sung Gyun AHN ; Jang Young KIM ; Seung Hwan LEE ; Jung Han YOON ; Kyung Hoon CHOE ; Sang Beak KOH ; Song Vogue AHN ; Jong Ku PARK
Journal of the Korean Society of Hypertension 2013;19(4):112-122
BACKGROUND: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) offers prognostic information beyond that provided by the evaluation of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. However, the validation of electrocardiogram (ECG) criteria for the diagnosis of LVH is limited in Korea general population. The purpose of this study is to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of ECG criteria for the detection of LVH in general population. METHODS: In the present study, we investigated a total of 1,946 adults from the community-based cohort. The left ventricular mass index (LVMI) was estimated with echocardiographic measurement and adjusted with body surface area. LVH was defined as a value greater than or equal to the sex-specific 90th percentile value of LVMI. ECG criteria for the diagnosis of LVH were Sokolow-Lyon criteria and Cornell criteria. RESULTS: The LVMI was significantly higher in male subjects (91.1 +/- 23.9 g/m2 vs. 83.9 +/- 21.7 g/m2, p < 0.001). The cutoff values were 120.8 g/m2 in male subjects and 112.2 g/m2 in female subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of Sokolow-Lyon criteria were 5.6% and 93.6% in male, 4.1% and 97.8% in female. Those of Cornell criteria were 2.8% and 98.7% in male, 14.3% and 95.8% in female. In male, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of Sokolow-Lyon voltage and Cornell voltage were 0.55 and 0.52. And those in female were 0.59 and 0.60. CONCLUSIONS: In our community-based sample, ECG criteria showed low sensitivity and high specificity. The performance of ECG criteria for detection of LVH was suboptimal, suggesting limited usefulness of ECG as mass screening tools.
Adult
;
Body Surface Area
;
Cohort Studies*
;
Diagnosis
;
Echocardiography
;
Electrocardiography*
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular*
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Mass Screening
;
Risk Factors
;
ROC Curve
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
7.Borderline Personality Pathology in Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar I and II Disorder, and Its Relationship With Childhood Trauma
Ji Seon YOU ; Chan Woo LEE ; Ji Yoon PARK ; Yoonjeong JANG ; Hyeona YU ; Joohyun YOON ; Sarah Soonji KWON ; Sunghee OH ; Yun Seong PARK ; Hyun A RYOO ; Jong Hun LEE ; Daseul LEE ; Jakyung LEE ; Yeoju KIM ; Nayoung CHO ; Hong Kyu IHM ; C. Hyung Keun PARK ; Yeong Chan LEE ; Hong-Hee WON ; Hyo Shin KANG ; Ji Hyun BEAK ; Tae Hyon HA ; Woojae MYUNG
Psychiatry Investigation 2022;19(11):909-918
Objective:
Mood disorder and borderline personality pathology (BPP) are frequently comorbid and relate to childhood trauma. We investigated the relationship between childhood trauma and BPP features in mood disorder patients versus controls.
Methods:
A total of 488 mood disorder patients, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar I disorder (BD I), and bipolar II disorder (BD II), and 734 controls were included. We examined between-group BPP-related differences and correlated between BPP and childhood trauma using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ) and the Personality Assessment Inventory–Borderline Features Scale.
Results:
BD II patients showed significantly higher BPP. Emotional abuse and neglect were prominently associated with BPP, while affective instability and negative relationships exhibited a stronger association with childhood trauma. We also found a positive relationship between childhood trauma and BPP in MDD, BD I, and BD II patients.
Conclusion
The findings of the present study imply that BPP features are more likely to be found in patients with BD II than BD I or MDD. Mood disorder patients with severe childhood trauma may have higher BPP features. Thus, further study of the relationship between childhood trauma and BPP features could improve the therapeutic approaches and help understand patients with mood disorders.