No abstract available.
Chorion* ; Chorionic Villi Sampling* ; Chorionic Villi* ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization* ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to evaluate incidence, parirty, gestational age, cause, termination method, and maternal complication of fetal death in utero(IUFD) clinically. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of the birth register and hospital records of 384 cases of the fetal death in utero among 23,703 deliveries at Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University during 5 years from January 1993 to December, 1997. RESULTS: The incidence of the fetal death in utero was 1.62%. The parity of mother in the fetal death in utero was the most highest in the nulliparous group(26.0%). The most common gestational week when the fetal death in utero was detected was 25-28 weeks gestational period(29.4%). The sex ratio of male vs female fetus was 1.32:1, and the cases of the fetal death in utero weighting less than 2500 gm were 332 cases(86.3%). The mode of the delivery for the fetal death in utero showed that the induction of labor was most common 71.6%, the spontaneous delivery 27.8%, and the laparotomy was 0.2%. The causes of the fetal death in utero showed unexplained causes(34.l%), congenital anomaly(I6.9%), maternal disease(14.3%), pregnancy-induced hypertension(9.6%), abruptio placenta(8.8%), cord complication(5%), and placenta previa(4%). There were 38 cases(9.8%) of maternal complication. CONCLUSION: The cause in about one third of the IUFD could not be determined by this clinical studies, so further studies with autopsy and chromosomal study must be made on stillborn infants, placenta, cord and fetal membranes in cases where the causes is unknown for the purpose of good outcome in next pregnancy.
Autopsy ; Extraembryonic Membranes ; Female ; Fetal Death* ; Fetus ; Gestational Age ; Hospital Records ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant ; Laparotomy ; Male ; Mothers ; Parity ; Parturition ; Placenta ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Ratio

The objective is to evaluate the rate and indications of cesarean delivery. All live birth>27weeks at the Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University from 1993 to 1997(n=24,227) were respectively analyzed of delivery route, indication of cesarean birth, gestational age, and matemal age. The most common maternal age was between 26-30 years(49.6%). The most common gestational age was over 36 weeks(91.2%). Total cesarean rate was 22.3%(5,396/24,227), and primary rate was 13.6%(3,296/24,227). The annual primary cesarean birth rate and number increased gradually. Abnormal presentation was the most common indication(24.3%, 801/3,296) at primary cesarean deliveries. The second common indication was CPD(18.87%, 622/3,296). We experienced four cases of cesarean hysterectomy due to uterine atony and placenta previa. Further evaluation will be needed about the relationship between cesarean deliveries and long term fetal outcome, and the effort for VBAC will be needed.
Birth Rate ; Gestational Age ; Hysterectomy ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Placenta Previa ; Uterine Inertia

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Follow-Up Studies* ; Hepatitis*

No abstract available.
Urinary Incontinence*

No abstract available.
Skin*

Congestive heart failure denotes the disturbance of the ability of the heart to maintain an adequate blood flow to the tissues and organs. It was confirmed that the cardiac output was reduced in severe congestive heart failure but if the clinical symptoms were improved after the treatment, the cardiac output was increased. The extrarenal disturbances such as congestive heart failure probably influence the kidney by causing a reduction in renal blood flow sufficient to reduce renal function but they do not produce anatomic injury and so. Consequently the renal decompression has been termed reversible uremia or functional renal failure. A reduction in glomerular filtration rate and renal blood flow is the basis for the rise in serum creatinine in prerenal failure. I would like to publish this paper because there were a few reports about the serum urea nitrogen and creatinine in chronic congestive heart failure. Serum NPN, BUN and creatinine values in 150 patients with chronic congestive heart failure, who were admitted in Busan university Hospital between 1965 and 1975, were measured on the admission and after the treatment for the congestive heart failure. The range of the serum NPN was 15~121mg% in 119 cases with congestive heart failure and 44 of them (36.97%) had the serum NPN above 30mg%. The range of serum BUN 7.5~103mg% in 129 cases and the serum BUN was above 20mg% in 49 of them (37.98%). The range of the creatinine was 0.15~20mg% in 146 cases and the serum creatinine was above 1.25mg% in 47 of them (32.19%). After the treatment for the congestive heart failure, the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine returned to the normal value. None had the increased serum NPN, BUN and creatinine among the left heart failure, but the serum NPN, BUN and creatinine were increased only among the left and right heart failure.
Busan ; Cardiac Output ; Creatinine* ; Decompression ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Heart ; Heart Failure* ; Humans ; Kidney ; Nitrogen ; Reference Values ; Renal Circulation ; Renal Insufficiency ; Urea ; Uremia

Recently several adrenergic beta receptor blocking agents such as dichloroisoprenaline, pronethalol, INPEA, H13/57, propranolol, sotalol, tolamolol, practolol and butoxamine were reported. It has been postulated for some time that there are two subgroups of beta receptors: cardiac receptors (beta 1-eceptor) and peripheral receptors (beta 2-receptor) responsible for vasodilatation and broncholdilatation. More recently, the cardioselective beta blockers have been developed; for example, practolol, and talamolol. Rabbits were anesthetized by the peritoneal injection of urethane 1 gm/kg and observed for 30 minutes. Arrhythmias were produced with lanatocide-C and norepinephrine through the ear vein of the anesthetized rabbits. Arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contraction and ventricular tachycardia were present within 7 minutes to 20 minutes after the injection of lanatocide-C 0.9mg, and within 15 seconds to 2 minutes after the injection of norepinephrine 150ug. Propranolol or practolol were injected before and after the production of the arrhythmias and so Lead II of the electrocardiogram was obtained from nedle electrodes inserted into the skin. Practolol was compared with propranolol on the changes of the heart rates and the arrhytmias produced by the injection of norepinephrine and lanatocide-C. The intravenous injection of propranolol and practolol reduced the heart rate but practolol reduced much lesser than propranolol. All of arrhythmias produced by lanatocide-C in anesthetzedrabbits were not abolished by practolol, but it blocked and prevented the development of arrhythmias in anesthetized rabbits on the administration of norepinephrine.
Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Butoxamine ; Ear ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Heart Rate ; Injections, Intravenous ; Norepinephrine ; Practolol* ; Propranolol ; Rabbits ; Skin ; Sotalol ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Urethane ; Vasodilation ; Veins ; Ventricular Premature Complexes

A socio-medical survey was carried out on 1,108 cases of pulmonatory tuberculosis who had registered and 220 cases unregistered at Jeonju Health center in 1973, during from June 1 to July 31, 1974. As the results of this survey, the following conclusions were obtained. 1. Of the total 1,108 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis there were 708 new cases, while remaining 400 were old cases and rate of registration was 4.0 per thousand person. 2. The highest rate of registration of the newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis could be found in bacteriological examination while 54.4 percent in X-ray examination. 3. As for the educational status of the tuberculosis patients, primary school graduates constituted the greatest proportion of 64.6 percent, middle school graduates 13.6 percent. high school graduates 6.8 percent and college graduates only 0.7 percent. 4. By age group of the cases, at age of 20 to 29 years occupied 23.6 percent (262 out of 1,108 cases), 17.9 percent at age of 40 to 49 years. 5. The greatest proportion of 38.4 percent of the cases had no occupation. 6. The living standard of the patient's household, low class constituted 60.6 percent of the total house olds. 7. By distribution of residential area, farming area was 5.0 per thousand person, 4.0 in downtown and suburban areas. 8. The greatest proportion of 70.0 percent of positive cases in X-ray examination was unregistered in August, 63.6 percent in July 1973. 9. 220 out of 1,108 cases(19.9%) were unregistered pulmonary tuberculosis in X-ray and bacteriological examinations. 10. For age groups of unregistered cases, most prevalent age group was 30 to 39. 11. Regarding on the cases of unregistration, 'indifference for disease', 'occupied highest rate with 31.9 percent' and 'private secret' with 15.7 percent. 12. Of the total 457 cases drop-outed, there were 78 complete held cases while remaining 207 inactive.
Educational Status ; Family Characteristics ; Follow-Up Studies* ; Humans ; Jeollabuk-do* ; Occupations ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary