The aim of this study was to examine the factors influencing perceived oral health in elderly individuals residing in the community.

To analyze the effects of the characteristics of the systolic anterior motion(SAM) of the mitral valve on the left ventricular outflow pressure gradient and to determine the relation between the anatomical characteristics of the left ventricle and the left ventricular outflow pressure gradient, mitral valve and left ventricular M mode echocardiogram and continuous wave Doppler echocardiogram of the left ventricular outflow tract were recorded in 7 patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy(HOCM), aged 19 to 66 years(mean 37 years). Mitral-septal distance at the closest apposition(S-SAM;1.1+/-2mm), duration of mitral-septal apposition(89+/-20 msec), time interval from the peak of the R-wave to initial apposition of the mitral valve against the interventricular septum(R-SAM interval ; 222+/-32 msec) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness(LVPWT; 1.1+/-0.5mm) were observed on mitral valve and left ventricular M-mode echocardiograms and peak flow velocity in the left ventricular outflow(V-LVOT; 3.5+/-1.5 m/sec) was measured from the Doppler echocardiograms of the left ventricular outflow tract. V-LVOT was correlated significantly with degree of mitral-septal apposition(r=-0.70, p<0.05), duration of mitral-septal apposition(r=0.74, P<0.05), R-SAM interval(r=-0.80, p<0.05) and LVPWT(r=0.78, p<0.05). These results suggest that the closer apposition of mitral valve against interventricular septum, the more prolonged mitral-septal apposition, the earlier onset of SAM of the mitral valve and the thicker the left ventricular posterior wall, the more increase the LV outflow pressure gradient in HOCM.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic* ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mitral Valve*

PURPOSE: We studied penile size of children who underwent hypospadias repair. Also we surveyed the degree of satisfaction with, as judged by patient's parents and urologist. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We measured the relaxed and erected penile size of children who underwent hypospadias repair and followed more than one year (28 cases of one stage repair and 20 cases of two stage repair). All of them had no complication. We used age adjusted ANOVA test for penile size, and Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test for comparison of satisfaction with penile appearance between one stage group and two stage group. RESULTS: Significant difference was noted between one stage group and two stage group for relaxed and erected penile length (p<0.05), but penile circumference was not (p>0.05). Two stage group showed statistically significant larger value than one stage group for glandular size, glandular shape, position of meatus, general appearance, and genital perception score as judged by patient's parents (p<0.05). And two stage group showed statistically larger value than one stage group for genital perception score judged by urologist (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated that two stage operation met with better penile size and satisfaction judged by patient's parents and urologist than one stage operation for middle and posterior penile hypospadias.
Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypospadias* ; Male ; Parents

The congenital patent urachus is the failure of complete urachal lumen closure and results in a free communication between the bladder and the umbilicus. Embriologically the urachus represents the vestigial remnant of the allantois which, in the fetus, communicates with the cloaca. The first patient is a 6-day-old female infant, and she was transferred due to urine leakage from the reddish hen egg sized protruding mass on the umbilicus. The fistulogram showed a long fistulous tract which communicates with bladder and umbilicus. A complete resection of the patent urachus was done. The second patient is a 1-day-old male infant, and he was transferred for operation of omphalocele from local clinic. Urine leakage was detected from the urachus at operative field, and so complete resection of the urachus was performed, and the one stage repair was performed for treatment of mild intestinal herniation. Postoperative courses of the two cases were uneventful.
Allantois ; Cloaca ; Female ; Fetus ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Ovum ; Umbilicus ; Urachus* ; Urinary Bladder

Inflammatory pseudotumor of urinary bladder is a rare benign entity that clinically and radiologically simulates a malignant tumor. This benign lesion can easily be mistaken for sarcoma, and only careful pathologic examination can provide a definite diagnosis. It is important to recognize this lesion as benign to avoid the potentially serious consequences of misdiagnosis. A 53-year-old man presented with a history of micturition pain and urinary frequency despite of symptomatic treatment with antibiotics for 2 weeks. Cystoscopic examination, ultrasonography and of revealed a well defined mass with central necrosis. The mass was located at the left lateral wall of the bladder, and it was 3x3 cm sized round shape. We suspected benign tumor by above diagnostic modalities and we confirmed inflammatory pseudotumor by frozen section of mass, followed by partial cystectomy was performed. Awareness of this unusual lesion is important to prevent unnecessary surgical procedure. We report a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder and reviewed 21 cases of this disease including our case.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cystectomy ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic Errors ; Frozen Sections ; Granuloma, Plasma Cell* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Sarcoma ; Ultrasonography ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urination

Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia is a rare diasease characterized by chronic infiltration of the lung with ~eosinophils, usually associated with peripheral eosinophilia. In 65% of cases, the chest rad Ogroaph shows typiical nonsegmental air-space consolidation confined to the outer third of the lung and in 25)/0 of case "photographic negative of pulmonary edema". Typical lung manifestations with 'peripheral eosinophiliSa' tahrcharacteristic of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia. In the remaining cases, radiographic findings are nonspecific and require lung biopsy for confirmation. We repot a case of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia in which chest radiograph and CT scans revealed bilateral patchy or diffuse opacity with nodules scattered throughout the lungs.
Biopsy ; Eosinophilia ; Eosinophils* ; Lung ; Pulmonary Eosinophilia* ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Thorax ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

In unanesthetized rabbits, alcohol, glyserin, or heavy water was injected intravenously and nystagmic reaction elicited by passive alteration of body position was recorded by means of nystagmography, and the specific direction of the nystagmus was also observed. The following results were obtained 1. After Injection of alcohol (2.5~3.5ml/kg), right sloe down or lelf side down position elicited nystagmus in both eyes (FAN I) Right sloe down position elicited supero-dorsal nystagmus in the ipsilateral eye anti Infero-central nystagmus In the contralateral eye Left side down position produced nystagmus towards reversed directions 2. Returning to neutral position from one sloe down also elicited nystagmus towards the same direction. 3 From 5~6 hours after Injection of alcohol, the direction of the positional nystagmus was reversed, manifesting phase II of the PAN (PANII) 4. Injection of glycerin (2.0~3.0ml/kg) or heavy water (2.0~25ml/kg) also elicited positional nystagmus. The direction of the nystagmus was the same as and opposite to that Induced by alcohol Injection
Deuterium Oxide* ; Glycerol* ; Nystagmus, Physiologic* ; Rabbits

PURPOSE: Obesity is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and is frequently associated with coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Conventional Doppler technique is limited by the absence of an adequate apical window to assess the transmitral flow in obese patients. Tissue Doppler imaging(TDI) and strain rate imaging(SRI) were performed to assess the influence of obesity on left ventricular systolic function. METHODS: In 13 obese and 15 normal adolescents aged 16 to 17 years, height, weight, body mass index(BMI), and obesity index(OI) were measured. Fat mass, body fat percent, and abdominal fat percent were estimated by bioelectrical impedance. Ejection fraction(EF) and myocardial performance index(MPI) were estimated by conventional echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular systolic function. Systolic myocardial velocity and strain rate were estimated by TDI and SRI. RESULTS: EF(63.8+/-6.4% vs 55.7+/-3.4%) was significantly lower in obese adolescents than normal controls. MPI(0.34+/-0.03 vs 0.48+/-0.06) was significantly higher in obese adolescents than normal controls. Systolic myocardial velocity and strain rate were significantly lower in obese adolescents than normal controls. Strain rate showed a negative correlation with arm circumference(r=-0.558, P<0.05) and BMI(r=-0.332, P<0.05). Strain rate was positively correlated with EF(r=0.557, P<0.05) at the base of left ventricle by SRI CONCLUSION: Significant decrease in left ventricular systolic function was noted in the moderate degree of obesity. SRI may be a more useful diagnostic tool in evaluating systolic dysfunction in patients with moderate degree of obesity.
Abdominal Fat ; Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent* ; Arm ; Body Weight ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Echocardiography ; Electric Impedance ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Obesity ; Risk Factors

PURPOSE: Skin grafting is one of the most commonly used methods in reconstructive plastic surgery field, but complications such as color change, contracture or hypertrophy are common problems. However, pathophysiology of the color change after skin graft is not yet determined and no animal model is established. METHODS: Full thickness skin grafts were performed on the dorsum of C57BL/6 mice. Serial chronological gross inspection for color change and pigmentation were examined. Melanin pigments were traced by Fontana-Masson staining and semi-quantitative analysis was performed. In addition, immunohistochemical staining of S-100, Micropthalmia related Transcription Factor(MITF) and Melan-A antibodies were also performed to observe melanocytes and their changes. RESULTS: After skin graft, color change and pigment spots were observed in the graft. Fontana-Masson staining showed melanin pigments in the epidermal and dermal layers in all mice. Immunohistochemistry staining to S-100, MITF, Melan-A antibodies showed melanocytes at the basal layer of epidermis and dermis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, we have established an animal model for skin pigmentation after skin graft. We believe this study may be useful in understanding of the behavior of melanocytes after skin graft.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Contracture ; Epidermis ; Hypertrophy ; Immunohistochemistry ; MART-1 Antigen ; Melanins ; Melanocytes ; Mice ; Models, Animal ; Pigmentation ; Skin ; Skin Pigmentation ; Skin Transplantation ; Surgery, Plastic ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Infectious complications frequently occur after cardiac arrest and may be even more frequent after therapeutic hypothermia. Pneumonia is the most common infectious complication associated with therapeutic hypothermia, and it is unclear whether prophylactic antibiotics administered during this intervention can decrease the development of early-onset pneumonia. We investigated the effect of antibiotic prophylaxis on the development of pneumonia in cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who were admitted for therapeutic hypothermia after resuscitation for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between January 2010 and July 2015. Patients who died within the first 72 hours or presented with pneumonia at the time of admission were excluded. Early-onset pneumonia was defined as pneumonia that developed within 5 days of admission. Prophylactic antibiotic therapy was defined as the administration of any parenteral antibiotics within the first 24 hours without any evidence of infection. RESULTS: Of the 128 patients admitted after cardiac arrest, 68 were analyzed and 48 (70.6%) were treated with prophylactic antibiotics within 24 hours. The frequency of early-onset pneumonia was not significantly different between the prophylactic antibiotic group and the control group (29.2% vs 30.0%, respectively, p = 0.945). The most commonly used antibiotic was third-generation cephalosporin, and the class of prophylactic antibiotics did not influence early-onset pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Antibiotic prophylaxis in cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia did not reduce the frequency of pneumonia.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antibiotic Prophylaxis* ; Heart Arrest* ; Humans ; Hypothermia* ; Medical Records ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest ; Pneumonia* ; Resuscitation ; Retrospective Studies