No abstract available.
Joint Prosthesis* ; Joints* ; Prognosis*

Extremities ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis

In this paper, the present research status of artificial cervical disc is summarized according to its configuration, material selection and the methodologies of design. Finally, the further progress of research on artificial cervical disc is prospected as well.
Intervertebral Disc ; Joint Prosthesis ; Prosthesis Design

Aseptic looseningis is one of the most frequent long-term complications after joint replacement, which limits the service lire of prosthesis. A lot of studies have been focused on macrophage, osteoblast, osteoclast and fibroblast in interface membranes around prostheses recently. Aseptic loosening of orthopedic implants used in joint replacement results from bone loss that occurs through the resorptive activity of inflammatory cells activated by the presence of wear particles. Apoptosis has been observed in the periprosthetic site and it has been interpreted as a sign of resolution of inflammation suggesting that apoptosis-related events are indeed associated with periprosthetic osteolysis,targeting the Apoptosis pathway may lead to novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of aseptic prosthesis loosening. In this thesis,the relationship between wear debris-induced apoptosis and aseptic loosening of prostheses are expounded in detail.
Apoptosis ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis ; adverse effects ; Osteolysis ; Prosthesis Failure ; etiology

Based on the introduction of multi-agent and individual artificial hip joints, this paper reports a multi-agent design system for individual artificial hip joints. Three agents are defined, the first is to optimize the diameter of hip joint, the second for FEM, the third for simulation between the prosthesis and acetabulum cup. The paper lays emphasis on the second agent.
Acetabulum ; Hip Joint ; Hip Prosthesis ; Humans ; Prosthesis Design

PURPOSE: Understanding elbow biomechanics is necessary to understand the pathophysiologic mechanism of elbow injury and to provide a scientific basis for clinical practice. This article provides a summary of key concepts that are relevant to understanding common elbow injuries and their management. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The biomechanics of the elbow joint can be divided into kinematics, stability and force transmission through the elbow joint. Active and passive stabilizers include bony articular geometry; soft tissues provide joint stability, compression force and motion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Knowledge of elbow biomechanics will help (i) advance surgical procedures and trauma management, (ii) develop new elbow prostheses and (iii) stimulate future research.
Biomechanics ; Elbow ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow Prosthesis ; Joints

In the research of artificial joint biomechanics, it is a common method in the world to evaluate the biomechanical properties of the implanted fixtures through experiments . The domestic research started late, and the corresponding testing methods were lacking. There is still no unified standard. In this paper, a complete hardware test system was designed and built around the existing mechanical testing machine, including:binocular vision catcher, torque bearing clamp, film pressure sensor and so on. The system can accurately measure the relative motion angle value, external torque value, and inter pressure value of each joint. It has some reference significance for the forming and standardization of the artificial joints' evaluation system.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Joint Prosthesis ; Motion ; Pressure ; Torque

The anatomically and functionally complex nature of the temporomandibularjoint (TMJ) makes its reconstruction one of the most challenging tasks faced by surgeons who operate in the head and neck. TMJ prosthesis is one of the important techniques in the reconstruction of TMJ. The main indications for TMJ prosthesis include ankylosis, fractures of condylar that can't be fixed, trauma or tumor, end-stage TMJ disturbance, and TMJ dysplasia caused by Hallermann-Streiff syndrome. TMJ replacement aims to enhance the function of TMJ, alleviate pain, and prevent serious complications. TMJ prosthesis is advantageous in oral and maxillofacial surgery because it can imitate normal anatomic morphology and adhere to the host. Moreover, the use of other materials is no longer necessary and functional training can be started postoperatively at once, among others. Prosthetic materials have leading and promoting functions in the development of joint prosthesis. Good design, fit shape, and fixation are the necessary conditions for prosthesis to serve its function. Investigation of joint biomechanics is also necessary. With the rapid developments in material science, joint biomechanics, and other related subjects, TMJ prosthesis has been significantly improved in terms of its materials, design, fit shape, and fixation techniques. In addition, the development of TMJ prosthesis would expand its applications. This review intends to provide an overview about the progress and clinical application of TMJ prosthesis.
Ankylosis ; Arthroplasty, Replacement ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

Arthroplasty, Replacement ; methods ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Humans ; Joint Prosthesis

Because of increases in degenerative diseases and trauma of the hip joint, diverse treatment modalities have been developed. Because of this increase in demand in the field of hip joint medicine, the need for scientific studies in orthopaedics have been considered to be more important. In fact, currently, total hip arthroplasty is the most commonly performed reconstructive hip procedure. Total hip arthroplasty evolved as a result of many improvements in the design of a femoral head prosthesis, the availability of suitable component materials and manufacturing techniques, a better understanding of hip mechanics, and the need for resurfacing the acetabulum. An awareness of the history of hip arthroplasty is necessary to appreciate not only its current status, but also its future. This article discusses the history of and current trends in hip arthroplasty including implant design, materials, and the renewed interest in resurfacing procedures, minimally invasive techniques and robotic surgery.
Acetabulum ; Arthroplasty ; Hip ; Hip Joint ; Hip Prosthesis ; Mechanics