The incubation of adenosine 5-monophosphate(AMP) with the homogenates of the epidermis and dermis, which were obtained from the axilIary skin of osmidrosis (bromidrosis) patients, resulted in the formation of adenosine and inorganic phosphate (Pi) without further degradation, as demonstrated by paper chromatography. The conversion of AMP to adenosine in the skin was catalyzed by 5-nucleotidase and alkaline phosphatase. It was found that 5-nucleotidase was present both in the epidermis and dermis, being more active in the latter, and that the enzyme was responsible for more than 80% of the total AMP-hydrolyzing activity present in the skin homogenates. Alkaline phosphatase was shown to be present mainIy in the dermis. And its contribution to AMP hydrolysis was insignificant at pH 7.4. From these results, it is evident that AMP is converted to adenosine chiefly by 5-nucleotidase, which is present in the epidermis and dermis.
5'-Nucleotidase* ; Adenosine ; Adenosine Monophosphate* ; Alkaline Phosphatase ; Chromatography, Paper ; Dermis* ; Epidermis* ; Humans* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Hydrolysis* ; Skin*

This study was designed to analyze the major proteins of skin tissue. Whole skin samples were obtained from rats and from healthy persons by circumcision. Stratum corneum was taken from human callus lesions. Epidermis was separated from dermis by cold trypsinization, and proteins of each tissue were extracted with Trisurea-mercaptoethanol without any elimination of soluble proteins. S-Carboxymethy- lated (SCM)-fibrous protem was partially purified from the stratum corneum, The prepared proteins were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Approximate molecular weights of each polypeptide were determined on polyacrylamide gels, and protein patterns of human and rat tissues were compared. The SCM-fibrous protein of stratum corneum was about 0. 762 g/g tissue. Electrophoresis of the protein revealed faur major polypeptides with molecular weights of 47, 000, 56, 000, 64, 000 and 70, 000. Of these, the 70, 000 Qalton band was the most prominent. Electrophoretic patterns of epidermal proteins were very similar between human and rat tissues, although some minor differences were found. Each preparation showed eleven bands. The bands of 61, 000 dalton and of 62, 000 dalton were the most distinct ones in human and rat epidermis, respectively. The four major lmnda of SCM-fibrous protein purified from stratum corneum showed a similar migration profile to the four pmminent bands found in both epidermal preparations. Derrnal proteins, however, had no similarity between human and rat tissues. Irx hman dermis, there were nine major electrophoretic bands with similar density, which located mainly in the center of the gel. In the rat dermal preparation, electroporetic analysis showed ten major bands and most of these polypeptides had high molecular weights with five bands being metachromatic. Furthermore, a periedic acid-Schiff-positive hand was found only in rat dermal tissue. These results suggest that the major, epidermal proteins are similar between. human and rat skin, and that fibrous protein is the major protein in the epidermis of both tissues; however, that dermal proteins are different between human and rat skin.
Animals ; Bony Callus ; Circumcision, Male ; Dermis ; Electrophoresis ; Epidermis ; Female ; Gels ; Hand ; Humans* ; Male ; Molecular Weight ; Peptides ; Rats* ; Skin* ; Sodium ; Trypsin

Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) activity was measured in the homogenate of penile foreskin, using y-glutamyl-p-nitroanilide, as a substrate, and it was found that (GGTP) activity was present in the epidermis and dermis, being more active in the former. The optimum pH for the enzyme was 8.5 - 9.0 in Tris buffer, which was similar to those of the rat kidney and human serum enzymes. It was also revealed that glycylglycine was the most effective activator of the enzyme and some activation was also observed in the presence of L-glutamine. But L-rnethionine, L-homoserine, L-glutamic acid, L-arginine, L-aspartic acid, glycine and L-valine inhibited the activity, suggesting that these amino acids do not act as acceptors of p-glutamyl moiety. The enzyme was remarkably inhibited by bromosulphalein, oxidised gluta,thione, and by L-serine in the presence of borate, and the inhibitions were more severe than is the case with the rat kidney and human serum enzymes.
Amino Acids ; Animals ; Arginine ; Aspartic Acid ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Foreskin ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; Glutamic Acid ; Glutamine ; Glycine ; Glycylglycine ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kidney ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; Rats ; Serine ; Skin* ; Tromethamine ; Valine

No abstract available.
Herpes Zoster*

In July 1977 the sociopsychological and medical aspects of prostitution were studied in Songjungli, population over 50, 000, near Kwang-ju city. Most of the prostitutes were helow the age of 28 (80%), had been raised in large families in whic4 female were promiiant and had low levels of education. All of. the girls had their first sexual experience between 15 and 25 with more than half before the age of 19. The first sexual partner was usually a lover, And 45.3% of them became prostitutes within one year of their initial sexual act. Me,inly economic difficulties and family troubles were the major causative factors for turning to prostitution. Most of girls (86%) were practicing contraceptive methods and among them 73% were using oral pills. However, 77% of the girls had become pregnant at least once. A high percentage of the girls (90%) were practicing venereal disease prevention methods and nearly a half of them were practicing douche method immediately after coitus. Among the 115 prostitutes tested, 29 (25. 2%) were VDRL reactive and all VDRL reactive girls were treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA) test positive (100 %).
Coitus ; Contraception ; Education ; Female ; Gwangju ; Hemagglutination ; Humans ; Prostitution ; Sex Workers* ; Sexual Partners ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; Syphilis* ; Treponema pallidum

The present clinical study was attempted to estimate the frequency of tuberous sclerosis using a paradigm. similar to the one employed by Crowe et al and to determine the genetic charaeteristics of the people of Chonnam Pravince regarding said disease. In addition other clinical manifestations were observed. Twenty-five subjects had visited the Department of Dermatology of Chonnam Medical University Hospital between 1970 and l980. Relatives of the subjects were examined whenever possible. The results of this study show that the incidence of this syndrome m Chonnam Province is probably in the region of l/80, 000~90,000. The sex ratio was nearly equal,12 males to 13 females. The mean age at first visit was about fifteen. OnIy 20 per cent of the cases have a familial history of the disease but the correct, incidence is probably higher since some patients provided incomplete family histories This clinical study suggests that tuberous sclerosis is an autosomal dominant inheritance disease with variable expressivity evidenced by the fact that although five of eleven of the groups offspring developed tuberosus sclerosis There were differences in the clinical features between the parent and the chiid.
Crows ; Dermatology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Parents ; Sclerosis ; Sex Ratio ; Tuberous Sclerosis* ; Wills

As a new culture mediwn for the Ciliate, Balantidium coili, isolated from a plantar ulcer of a leprosy patient, Sabouraud glucose agar medium(SGA) had several advantages: 1. it was easily made, and 2) the culture grew faster and longer than any previriusly discovered media. Of the contents of SGA, dextrose and peptene are essential nutrient, for the growth of Balantidium coli. When we cultivated Balantidiuum coli. we founund that it produced a nuueoid eubstance and a sweet smilling arcma, forming a colony like tacteria The new straining metlnd for Balantiduin coli. were 3% iodine and carbol-fuchsin stain which atained trophazaite, and cysts more sirnply and distinctly, retaining their original form.
Agar ; Balantidium* ; Ciliophora* ; Foot Ulcer* ; Glucose ; Humans ; Iodine ; Leprosy*

In order to evaluate the effectiveness of Vibramycin (Doxycycline) to acne vulgaris, a double-blind study was performed in forty three patients of ance vulgaris. The patients were classified as to the severity of the disease before the treatment according to Wand, et al. and the degree of the effectiveness was evaluated weekly by Clinical improvement. The results obtained were as follows: Among 14 patients who received a 100mg capsule orally per day for four weeks, 12 cases (85.7%) showed excellent improvement, whereas in the placebo group only 4 out of 12 patients (33.3%) showed good responses. Statistical analysis of the data revealed that there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in effectiveness between the Vibramycin group (100mg) and the placebo group, and that at the end of the first week of the treatment there was no significant improvement, but at the end of the third week there was a highly significant improvement, p_value between the first-week response and the third-week response among the patients in administering 100mg of Vibramycin being less than 0.01. It was noted that 24 out of 43 patients(55.8%) had a distint familial history of the disease, suggesting that there might be a predisposing factor involved in the manifestation of acne vulgris. It is concluded from this study that Vibramycin, when administered in dose of 100mg per day for more than three weeks, is effective in improving the acne vulgaris.
Acne Vulgaris* ; Causality ; Double-Blind Method ; Doxycycline* ; Humans

Adenosine deaminase (adenosine aminohydrolase, AL)A), which catalyzes the deamination of adenosine to yield inosine and amrnonia, was assayed in human penile foreskin. The skin tissue was separated into two layers; epidermis and dermis. They were sliced with scissors into gel state, 4 volumes of 0.05M phosphate buffer solution were added and the tissue homogenized. After centrifugation at 4,000xg for 5 minutes, the supernatant was used as an enzyme solution. ADA activity was measured according to the method f Giuseppe" ADA was found to be present in both layers (epidermis; 0.24 OD/mg protein, dermis; 0.19 OD/mg protein) with slightly higher activity in the epidermis. As in earlier reports, it was found that ADA in the skin showed nearly even activity in the pH range of 5.0-8.0. Considering the significance of ADA in immunological function, the presence of ADA in the skin suggests that the tissue may participate in the immune function.
Adenosine Deaminase* ; Adenosine* ; Centrifugation ; Deamination ; Dermis ; Epidermis ; Foreskin ; Humans* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Inosine ; Skin*