No abstract available.
Abscess* ; Diverticulum* ; Humans ; Infant*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the function of the normal upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles during neck motion by quantitative eletromyographic analysis. METHOD: Nine subjects were evaluated electromyographically with monopolar fine wire electrodes. The isometric tilting and rotation of neck with manual resistance were performed in the sitting position. The Root Mean Square (RMS) and Mean Rectified Voltage (MRV) were recorded. RESULTS: The RMS and MRV of upper trapezius muscle were significantly higher at each degree of ipsilateral rotation than contralateral rotation. But the RMS and MRV of scalenus medius muscle were significantly higher at each degree of contralateral rotation than ipsilateral rotation. The RMS and MRV of upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles were significantly higher at ipsilateral tilting than at contralateral tilting. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we concluded that the upper trapezius muscle acts more in ispilateral rotation, while scalenus medius muscle acts in contralateral rotation, and upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles act in ipsilateral tilting.
Electrodes ; Muscles ; Neck* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the natural growth of subepithelial tumors of the small bowel detected on CT. Materials and Methods: Consecutive patients who were suspected of having subepithelial tumors of the small bowel between January 2005 and December 2020 were reviewed. Eligible patients with suspected small (< 30 mm) subepithelial tumors on at least two CT evaluations were included in the analysis. The patients’ data on demographic characteristics, tumoral characteristics, and tumoral size changes during the follow-up were collected. Results: This study included 64 patients with suspected small subepithelial tumors (n = 64) of the small bowel. After a median follow-up of 15.8 months, the diameter and volume growth rates were 0.02 mm/month and 1.5 mm3/month, respectively. A significant correlation was observed between the initial size and the growth rate of the small bowel subepithelial tumors. The group of large-sized tumors (initial diameter ≥ 10 mm) tended to show lobulated contours, heterogeneous enhancement, and necrotic changes more frequently than the group of small-sized tumors (initial diameter < 10 mm). Conclusion Small bowel subepithelial tumors measuring less than 10 mm grew more slowly than those measuring 10–30 mm.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of a machine learning-based radiomics model for distinguishing tumor response and overall survival in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) treated with targeted biological therapy. Methods: We prospectively recruited 17 patients with unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer, who had been given targeted biological therapy as the first line of treatment. All patients underwent liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) three times up until 8 weeks after chemotherapy. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of machine learning-based radiomics model in tumor response of liver MRI compared with the guidelines for the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors. Overall survival was evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared to the Cox proportional hazard ratios following univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Performance measurement of the trained model through metrics showed the accuracy of the machine learning model to be 76.5%, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.857 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.605–0.976; P < 0.001). For the patients classified as non-progressing or progressing by the radiomics model, the median overall survival was 17.5 months (95% CI, 12.8–22.2), and 14.8 months (95% CI, 14.2–15.4), respectively (P = 0.431, log-rank test). Conclusion Machine learning-based radiomics models could have the potential to predict tumor response in patients with unresectable CRLM treated with biologic therapy.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to asses the CT findings and clinical features differentiating malignant from benign focal splenic lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 673 patients with splenectomy, we included 114 patients with pathologically confirmed focal splenic lesions (malignant = 66, benign = 48). Two radiologists retrospectively assessed CT findings including: size, number, solid component, margin, wall, calcification, contrast-enhancement, lymph node (LN) enlargement and possible malignancy. We assessed clinical features including age, sex, underlying malignancy, fever, and leukocytosis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify significant predictors of malignant lesion. We used receiver operating curve analysis for determination of diagnostic performance. RESULTS: Common findings of malignant lesions include enhanced, mainly solid, ill-defined margin, absence of splenomegaly, absence of the wall, absence of calcification, LN enlargement, and presence of underlying malignancy (p < 0.05). Among them, mainly solid features (odds ratio [OR], 39.098, p = 0.007), LN enlargement (OR, 6.326, p = 0.005), and presence of underlying malignancy (OR, 8.615, p = 0.001) were significant predictors of malignancy. The mean size of benign splenic lesions (5.8 ± 3.3 cm) was larger than that of malignant splenic lesions (4.0 ± 3.4 cm). Diagnostic performance of CT findings by two reviewers using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for differentiation of malignant lesions was 0.856 and 0.893, respectively. CONCLUSION: Solid nature of the splenic mass on CT images, LN enlargement, and presence of underlying malignancy are significant predictors of malignant splenic lesion.
Equidae ; Fever ; Humans ; Leukocytosis ; Logistic Models ; Lymph Nodes ; Retrospective Studies ; ROC Curve ; Spleen ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Diseases ; Splenomegaly

Intramural hematoma of the gastrointestinal tract is a rare disease entity. Pancreatitis-induced intramural gastric hematoma (IGH) is far more seldom reported. Here, we report a rare case of a giant IGH occurring as a delayed complication of pancreatitis in a 51-year-old man. The diagnosis was made using computed tomography (CT) and endoscopic ultrasonography. The patient was conservatively managed, and follow-up abdominal CT showed marked decreases in the size of the IGH.