In recent years, with in-depth study of bladder sensation related mechanisms, numerous ion channels, neurotransmitters and nerve receptors have been found to participate in the regulation of bladder sensation, including TRPV, P2X and Piezo, as well as CBR and HCN.Thanks to the relevant research on the neural signal pathway from the cerebral cortex to the bladder wall and the maturity of clinical measurement methods for bladder sensation, we can further study the abnormal bladder sensation in patients with overactive bladder (OAB), so as to explore its mechanism.Bladder hypersensitivity, as one of the current research hotspots, is receiving increasing attention from researchers.This article reviews the mechanism of bladder hypersensitivity from the aspects of clinical measurement methods of bladder sensation, ion channel, neurotransmitters and nerve receptors related to bladder sensation, in order to explore its significance in the pathogenesis of OAB.

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and underactive bladder (UAB) are common types of lower urinary tract dysfunction in women.As the treatment mechanisms of the two conditions are contradictory, the treatment of SUI patients complicated with UAB remains a difficult clinical problem.In order to improve the treatment rate of such patients and promote research, this paper reviews the latest domestic and overseas diagnostic criteria of UAB, summarizes the treatment experience of conventional midurethral sling (tension-free vaginal tape or outside-in transobturator tape) and adjustable sling procedures (transobturator adjustable tape or Remeex system) combined with medication or intermittent catheterization, and the application prospects of cutting-edge technologies such as stem cell injection, cytokine therapy and gene therapy, so as to provide reference for clinicians and researchers.