Lappaconitine hydrobromide can remove inflammation and swelling, lower temperature and relieve heat. It also can be used for local anesthesia. Clinically lappaconitine hydrobromide can be applied via i.v., i.m. or p.o. for analgesic treatment. Lappaconitine has better effect for moderate pain than for severe pain, which may be associated with the low dose. Future efforts should be made in increasing dosage, combining lappaconitine hydrobromide with other drugs and improving drug delivery technique.

Objective To study the microanatomy of the petrosal vein(PV) and discuss the surgical management of the vessel during microvascular decompression.Methods A total of 15 cadaveric(30 PVs) heads were obtained from dead adults.The position,morphology,branches,and variation of the PV,and anatomical relationship between the trigeminal,facial and acoustic nerves and the vessel were observed.Sixty patients with trigeminal neuralgia or hemifacial spasm were also enrolled in this study.Microvascular decompression was performed on the cases,and the PV and its branches were observed during the operation.Results The PV is formed by the union of 2 to 3 branches.It passes through the the subarachnoid space and terminates in the inner two third of the superior petrosal sinus.Classfied by number of the unilateral PVs,3 types of the vessel has been observed:single-stem(9 sides,30.0%),double-stem(17 sides,56.7%) and triple-stem types(4 sides,13.3%).Moreover,according to the anatomical relationship between the end of the PV and auditory meatus,the vein has 3 subgroups:interior-side(17/55,30.9%),intermediate(24/55,43.6%),and exterior-side(14/55,25.5%) subgroups.In our specimens,8 PVs(the main stem or a branch) touched the trigeminal nerve,and 19 PVs were less than 1 mm away from the nerve.None of the PVs connected to the faical and acoustic nerves.In the 60 patients who recieved microvascular decompression,107 PV branches(19 single-stem veins,35 double-stem vessels,and 6 triple-stem veins) were found during the operation,among which 33 belonged to interior-side subgroup,46 were classifed as intermediate type,and 28 were exterior-side veins.Conclusions Management of the PV is the key step for cerebellopontine angle surgery.The vein or its branches can be cut off when they compress the surrounding tissues or obstruct the surgical field.

Objective To study the effect of anti anxiety treatment in residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Methods 68 cases of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients with residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure were collected,who visit department of Neurology..They were randomly assigned to anti anxiety group and the control group according to randomized controlled method.Deanxit (0.5mg/10mg,1times/day)combined with betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg, 3 times/day)were taken by patients in the anti anxiety group;take betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg,3 times/day) were taken in the control group.Follow up 3 months,the duration of residual dizziness and the changes of symptoms between the two groups were compared.The symptoms of all patients were evaluated before and after treatment by dizziness handicap inventory.Results The duration of residual dizziness in the control group was (16.38 ±8.83)days, and that in the anti anxiety group was (10.13 ±5.10)days.The duration of residual dizziness in the anti anxiety group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t =3.440,P <0.05).In the control group,the scores of first week,s econd week and third week were (26.60 ±13.54)points,(20.80 ±10.97)points and (6.27 ±5.88)points.In the anti anxiety group,the scores of first week,second week and third week were (23.10 ±11.02)points,(13.33 ± 5.83)points and (0.67 ±2.50)points.There was not significant difference between the two groups (t =1.122,P >0.05)in the treatment of first week.In second week and third week,the scores of the anti anxiety group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =3.378,4.935,all P <0.05).After 3 weeks of treatment,the scores of the anti anxiety group were significantly decreased in the functional,emotional and physical scores (t =5.297,4.537,4.451,all P <0.01 ).Conclusion Deanxit can shorten residual dizziness duration of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients after successful canalith repositioning procedure,and can reduce the degree of residual dizziness.

As a common issue,information asymmetry has been a hot topic in the micro-economy field.It is also prominent in clinic as well as the medical insurance.The low efficiency and unfairness caused by information asymmetry will lead to a series of ethical problems.To solve the problems,the construction of moral system and rule are needed.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between insight and self of schizophrenia patients by paradigm of self-reference effect(SRE).Methods:16 schizophrenia patients with insight, 16 schizophrenia patients without insight and 16 normal controls matched with age and education degree were measured by SRE, and the results were analyzed.Results:SRE was shown in normal controls, and R performance on Self task was better than on other two tasks(P0.05).This means that SRE was not demonstrated in schizophrenia patients.There were significant differences between patients without insight and normal controls in R performance(P0.05).Conclusion:The profile of the results indicates that self-disturbance is shown in schizophrenia.There is no obviously correlation between insight and self-reference effect in schizophrenia patients.

Objective To discuss the effeet of nursing intervention in the prevention of psychiatric disorder in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Methods Patients with CABG(202 cases) were divided into the control group (100 cases) and the intervention group (102 cases).The control group received routine treatment and nursing while the intervention group was given systemic nursing intervention.The mental status was evaluated by mini-mental status examination (MMSE). Results The incidence of psychiatric disorder in the intervention group was 4 cases (3.92%),which was statistically lower than those in the control group(16 cases,16.00%). Conclusions Effective nursing intervention combined with effective treatment could prevent and control the psychiatric disorder of patients after CABG.

Objective To study the compatible stability of the carbohydrate-electrolyte injection and commonly used vitamin-electrolyte injections. Methods By simulating clinical use of medicines,the carbohydrate-electrolyte injection and various vitamin-electrolyte injections were mixed respectively.The content of sodium acetate was measured by HPLC,and changes in appearance,pH value and insoluble particles of the injections were observed. Results At room temperature,the compatibility solutions showed no significant changes in appearance,pH value,the number of insoluble particles and the content of sodium acetate within 8 h. Conclusion The carbohydrate-electrolyte injection is compatible with commonly used vitamin-electrolyte injections,and the admixtures are stable within 8 h at room temperature.

Objective:To study the mental health of old people who live in endowment institutions in Shandong Province and its influencing factors. Methods: A sample of 2200 old people over 60 years old was selected with the stratified random sampling method. They were investigated using the self-designed questionnaires, symptom checklist (SCL-90), and Social Support Rating Scale. A total of 2013 questionnaires were recovered effectively (91. 5%), and 271 questionnaires were analyzed in this study. Results:41. 7% of old people in endowment insti-tutions in Shandong Province is positive in SCL -90 . Multivariate analysis showed that self -care ability ( P =0 . 045 ) and type of chronic disease ( P=0 . 025 ) associated with mental health problems of old people in Shandong Province. Conclusion:The mental health status of old people in endowment institutions in Shandong Province was not optimistic and its influencing factors included self-care ability and the type of chronic disease. It should take measures to promote successful aging in Shandong Province.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD)so as to improve the understanding of IgG4-RD in China.Methods IgG4-RD patients were recruited from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between January 2011 and January 2016.All patients were followedup for more than 6 months.The demographic characteristics,symptoms,organ involvements,laboratory examinations and treatment efficacy were evaluated and analyzed.Results A total of 346 patients were finally enrolled,including 230 males (66.5％) and 116 females (33.5％).The mean age of disease onset was (53.8 ± 14.2) years old.The mostly common involved organs were lymph nodes (56.4％) and submandibular glands (52.6％).Other affected organs and manifestations included:swelling of the lacrimal glands (46.5％),autoimmune pancreatitis (38.4％),pulmonary involvement (28.0％),sclerosing cholangitis (25.4％),naso-sinusitis (23.4％),parotid gland swelling (21.7％),retroperitoneal fibrosis (19.9％),large arteries involvement (9.5％),kidney involvement (obstructive nephropathy caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis was excluded) (6.9％),skin lesions (6.4％).Rare features consisted of thyroid glands,pituitary glands,gastrointestinal tract,pachymeningitis,pericardium,sclerosing mediastinitis and orchitis.The majority of patients had multi-organ involvement,such as 74.3％ patients with 3 and more,18.2％ and 7.5％ patients with 2 and single organ involvement respectively.The average IgG4-RD responder index (IgG4-RD RI) was 13.21 ±5.70.History of allergy was found in 172 (49.7％) patients.As to the laboratory tests,elevated serum IgG4 levels were confirmed in 285 (94.1％) patients,which was positively correlated with IgG4-RD RI.There were 33.5％ patients receiving monotherapy of glucocorticoid,52.6％ treated with glucocorticoids combined with immunosuppressive agents,4.9％ patients with immunosuppressant only,and 9.0％ patients with mild disease not receiving medication.The majority (336,97.1％) patients improved the above regimens.Conclusion IgG4-RD is a systemic fibro-inflammatory disease with multiple organ involvement.The mostly common involved organs include lymph node,submandibular glands,and pancreas.Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressive agents were effective for IgG4-RD.

Objective: To evaluate the anti-gingivitis efficacy of a novel stabilized stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice. Methods: A randomized, controlled and double blind clinical study was conducted. 156 adults with gingivitis were enrolled and randomly assigned to experimental group(group of novel stabilized stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice, n = 51), positive control group (group of Yunnan Baiyao dentifrice, n = 54) and negative control group (group of Crest dentifrice, n = 51). Gingival health was assessed using Mazza Modification of the Papillary Bleeding Index(Mazza GI) at Baseline, day 3 and week 4 and pocket depth was evaluated at baseline and week 4, respectively. Results: At day 3 and week 4, the experimental and positive control groups exhibited lower clinical parameters than the negative control group(P＜ 0. 000 1). At week 4, the mean Mazza GI scores and PD of the experimental group were significantly lower than those of the positive control group(P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: The novel stannous-containing sodium fluoride dentifrice has anti-gingivitis efficacy.