Objective To explore the pertinence between the concentrations of seminal leptin (lep) and genital endocrine hormones, such as testosterone(T), follicle stimulating hormone( FSH), luteotropic hormone(LH) and insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), as well as the effect of Lep on sperm concentration,motility and genital function indexes.Methods 126 cases of infertility and 30 cases of normal fertility were randomly chosen.The contents of Lep, T, FSH and LH were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) and the IGF-1 content were detected by immunoradiometric assay (IRMA).The infertility group was divided into group A (sperm count ≥ 20×109 /L), group B (sperm count ＜ 20×109 /L) and group C of azoospermia.According to the number of white blood cell ( WBC ) in 10 high power fields (HPF), the infertility group was further divided into group WBC (WBC count ≥ 1×109 /L) and group Non-WBC(WBC count ＜ 1×109 /L).According to the sperm vitality and the rate of motility, group A was subdivided into the group of normal spermatic vitality (a + b≥50% ), the group of abnormal vitality( a + b ＜ 50% ) (a refers to the number of sperms with fast forward movement, and b refers to the number of sperms with slow or sluggish forward movement), the group of normal rate of spermatic motility( the rate ≥60% ) and the group of decreased rate of motility( the rate ＜60% ).According to the examination results of the normal contrast group, group A and group B were respectively divided into the following groups: the group of normal sperm penetrating power(≥40 mm), the group of decreased penetrating power( ＜ 40 mm), the group of normal intact acrosome rate(≥80% ), the group of decreased intact acrosome rate( ＜ 80% ), the group of normal terminal swelling rate( ≥60% ) and the group of decreased terminal swelling rate( ＜60% ).Results The concentration of Lep in the infertility group was (2.77±0.80) μg/L, significantly higher than the level of Lep [ (1.14 ± 0.31 ) μg/L ] in the contrast group ( t = 10.943,P ＜ 0.05 ).The contents of IGF-1 and T were ( 17.67±8.09) μg/L and (4.84±2.15) nmol/L respectively, significantly lower than the levels of IGF-1 [(24.79±9.32) μg/L] and T [(6.30±2.53) nmol/L] in the contrast group (t =4.205,3.228,P＜0.01).There existed no significant differences of the concentrations of FSH and LH between the two groups ( t = 1.655,1.378 ,P ＞ 0.05 ).The concentrations of FSH and LH were (32.61±9.14) U/L and (40.57 ± 12.40) U/L respectively in the infertility group and(29.63±7.56) U/L and (37.25±9.19) U/L respectively in the contrast group.The concentrations of Lep and IGF-1 and T showed negative correlation in the infertility group (r = -0.237, -0.316,P ＜ 0.01 ).The concentration of Lep had no correlation to the FSH and LH concentration (r = 0.104, 0.112, P ＞ 0.05 ).The concentration of Lep showed a gradual increase within group A, group B and group C (F = 115.93, P ＜ 0.01 ).The leptin contents in the above mentioned normal subgroups were found to be lower than the abnormal groups.Conclusions There exists pertinence between the Lep concentration and the concentrations of TGF-1, T, FSH and LH.Lep may decrease the sperm density and inhibit sperm vitality and the motility rate through inhibiting androgen secretion and sperm capacitation.

Objective To investigate the significance of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 test for assessing the occurrence and development of chronic heart failure.Methods One hundred and twenty-seven patients with chronic heart failure were enrolled in the observation group,and 40 cases community health people were selected for the control group. The levels of serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were detected and the LVEF and E/E ' were evaluated using endocardiography. Results Compared with the control group, the level of MMP-9 was significantly higher (<0.01) but the level of TIMP-1 had significantly decreased ( <0.05) in the observation group. And the ratio of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 had significantly increased compared with the control group ( <0.05) . There were statistically significant differences of LVEF and E/E' between the observation group and control group ( <0.05) . In the observation group,the level of MMP-9, MMP-9/TIMP-1,LVEF and E/E' were increased but the level of TIMP-1 decreased significantly in cases with cardiac functional class III compared with cardiac function class II (<0.05) . There were significant differences between the cases with class IV heart function and class II, III in the levels of MMP-9, TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ( <0.05) . In the cases of class IV heart function, the LVEF and E/E' have significantly increased compared with the cases of class II ( <0.05) . MMP-9 + TIMP-1 +MMP-9/TIMP-1 combination has higher sensitivity and specificity than the MMP-9,TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1 single indicator, and the joint diagnostic value of LVEF + E/E' was less than that of IL-18+ NT-ProBNP. Conclusion The levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 and their ratio may have contributed to the early detection and diagnosis for chronic heart failure,and help to determine the disease progression.

Objective To investigate the incidence of the nosocomial infection in patients of Shenzhen district polyclinic,provide solution for controlling the nosocomial infection and give precautionary measures for the future.Methods By prospective and retrospective combinative case-control methods,the incidence of nosocomial infection of the in-patients during May 2002 to December 2004 was investigated and analyzed.Results There were 237 patients and 251 cases of nosocomial infection from 10271 in-patients.The incidence of nosocomial disease was 2.31%.The infection rate was 2.44%.Conclusion In the basis of completely utilizing the third-class network management in nosocomial infection,the precautionary nosocomial infection can be effectually controlled by monitoring and enhancing staff training.

Objective To study the clinical efficacy of naloxone combined with edaravone on acute alcoholism. Methods One hundred and twenty-five patients with acute alcoholism were randomly divided into the control and treatment groups. The control group accepted conventional treatment and taking naloxone, while the treatment group accepted edaravone on the basis. Before and after treatment,the treatment recovery time,recovery respiratory rate time and symptom disappearance time were recorded. The malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), S-100βand vascular cell adhesion points-1 (VCAM-1) were detected. Results After treatment,the recovery time and recovery respiratory rate time of the treatment group were significantly shorter than those of the control group ( <0.05) . In the control group, S-100β was significantly improved after treatment ( <0.05) . NSE, S-100β, VCAM-1 and MDA have significantly decreased ( <0.05) after treatment in the treatment group. Compared with the control group, there were significant differences of S-100β,VCAM-1 and MDA in the treatment group before and after treatment (<0.05) . While SOD and GSH have significantly increased ( <0.05) after treatment and showed significant differences compared with the control group ( <0.05) . Conclusion Naloxone and edaravone combination therapy can improve oxidative stress and nerve damage, which help early rehabilitation in patients with acute alcoholism.

[Objective] To observe the de-jaundice of severe jaundice hepatitis with TCM enema.[Method] 87 cases of chronic virus hepatitis with hyperbilirubinemia were randomly divided into 2 groups,the treatment group treated with TCM preserving enema and routine combination of TCM and western medicine which could protect liver and decrease enzyme and de-jaundice.The control one used only the later,observed for 6 weeks.[Result] The reduction of total bilirubin of the treatment group was larger than control group,P

Objective To realize the hygienic state of drinking water in the rural areas in Yunnan Province,the scientific evidences would be provided for drawing the policies about improving the drinking water quality in the rural areas.Methods From August to October in 2006,30 counties were randomly chosen among the monitoring counties,in each county at least 10 sampling points were chosen randomly.The questionnaires were employed and the water samples were collected,the quality of drinking water was tested with the related standard methods.Results 8.94 million people were involved in the survey,48.60% of them used surface water as the source of water.52.18% of people were serviced by the central water supply.The eligible rate in 301 water samples in this survey was 36.88%,those of the samples of surface and underground water were 37.60% and 36.36% respectively.The eligible rate of samples from central water supply was 41.85%,higher than that from non-central water supply(P

To study the effect of urokinase on platelet activation and aggregation in the patients with glomerulonephritis. Platelet counts(PC),mean platelet volume (MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) were determined with automatic blood cell analytic apparatus, the expressive levels of platelet granular membrane protein (GMP 140) and fibrinogen receptor(GPⅡb Ⅲa) on the surfaces of platelets were assayed with flow cytometry, and the levels of fibinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP) in blood were measured with ELISA in 102 children with glomerulonephritis. The results showed that urokinase led to PC decreas,MPV increase and PDW exceeding normal value in 102 children with glomerulonephritis, including micro change (MC),glomerulosclerosis (GS),membranous nephropathy (MN), and proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN).The expressive levels of GMP 140 after the treatment with urokinase were significantly higher than that before the treatment and controls( P 0 01). The results suggested that urokinase used in the patients with glomerulonephritis increased platelet activation function and decreased platelet aggregation function.

In order to improve the diagnosis and treatment of severe hemolytic uremic syndrome (SHUS),we summarized the rescuing experiences in 3 children with SHUS.Therefore,close observation of gastro intestinal symptoms,collaborated with repeated examinations of the blood,renal function,urinary output,blood pressure,and manifestations of the central nervous system could help predict to certain extent the occurrence of further hemolysis and renal failure in these patients.Energetic treatment of malignant hypertension and relieving the symptoms of center nervous system could successfully improve renal functions.If urinary output decreased quickly,creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) increased,or severe infection occurred in SHUS patients,hemodialysis should be undertaken as early as possible to prevent caute renal failure and multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS).Therefore,the treatment of SHUS in children has its peculiarity and complexity.

Research on effects of environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is an important field in environmental science.The research progress on mechanism of EDCs in environment was present in this paper.Not only the action mechanism of EDCs mediated via receptor was expatiated,but also the interference influencing the synthesis and metabolism of endogenous hormone and the effects of EDCs on neural and immune system were discussed in this paper.This paper will conduce to the further studies on the mechanism of EDCs and the development of screening method for new EDCs.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of postoperative patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA)in children. Methods: Forty postoperative pediatric patients(5-11 years old)were divided into two groups. A and B. Both wereinstituted with postoperative PCEA with LCP model (loading dose 2.05 + 0.13ml), continuos infusion rate 0.82 + 0.15mi/h, PCA dose 0.81 + 0.16ml)by Graseby-9300 PCA pump. The PCEA solution of group A was 0.075% bupivacaine plus0.0012 % buprenorphine, that of group B was same while 0. 005% droperidol was added as an adjuvant. Results:The volumeof PCEA sdution consumption in group B was significantly less than that in group A on the first and second postoperative day (P< 0.01-0.05). Good analgesic efficiency with little side effects was obtained, as evaluated by the VASF emasay or D/D score and complications in two groups, but the analgesic effect of group B was better than that of group A. Conclusion: Thepediatric PCEA with low concentration of bupivaeaine plus buprenorphine is feasible and safe. Droperidol may enhance theanalgesic effects of PCEA.