No abstract available.
Animals ; Mice* ; Uterus*

The purpose of this study was to evaluate polymerization of TheraCal LC, one of the tricalcium silicate cements. To measure the Vickers hardness number (VHN), the specimens were cured at different light curing time and distance.As a result, the VHN of the upper surface was significantly higher than the lower surface's in all groups (p < 0.05). The VHN of the lower surface was increased significantly with the increase of the light curing time in all distance (p < 0.05). When the distance was more than 4.0 mm at all light curing time, the VHN of lower surface was significantly decreased (p < 0.05). When the specimen was light cured for 20 seconds, the VHN of the lower surface did not exceed 2, which corresponds to 10% of the upper surface's.These results suggested that the 20 second light curing time was not sufficient to polymerize the lower surface under specific conditions and that light-curing time should be increased.
Hardness ; Polymerization ; Polymers ; Silicates

Cancer metastasis to the skin, especially epidermotropic metastasis, is uncommon. Sometimes it is difficult to find the primary lesion; immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of cutaneous metastasis is used to determine the origin, but diagnosis may occasionally prove difficult. A 77-year-old man visited our hospital with a 1-month diagnostic history of multiple nodules in the right axilla. The patient had undergone surgery for gastric adenocarcinoma (T3N3M0) 21 years ago, and was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma 1 year previously; however, no treatment was ongoing. Biopsy of the lesions revealed atypical cells surrounding the papillary projections of the epidermis and tumor nests of the upper dermis. IHC staining was positive for CK7 and CEA and negative for CK5/6, CK20, napsin A, TTF-1, GCDFP 15, and p63. The tissues revealed glandular structures and tested negative for p63 and CK5/6 on IHC staining. The patient was diagnosed with epidermotropic metastasis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: To provide more accurate and definitive conclusions regarding the clinical and technical complications associated with the transperineal (TP) and transrectal (TR) approaches, a comprehensive review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. This systematic review covered all eligible studies to facilitate a thorough comparison of complications linked to the two fiducial marker insertion methods, TP and TR. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted, encompassing databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, up to July 7, 2023. The relative risk and 95% confidence interval were utilized to evaluate the diagnosis and complication rates. Results: The final selection for the methodological quality analysis included 13 observational studies that utilized TP and TR gold fiducial insertion approaches. The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower risks of urinary tract infections (UTI) and rectal bleeding with the TP approach. Conclusion The use of both TP and TR techniques for placing gold seed fiducial markers has proven to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for image-guided radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients. A significant benefit of the TP technique is its ability to avoid rectal puncture, thereby reducing the risk of UTIs. Although the incidence of UTIs and rectal bleeding associated with the TR method is relatively low, these complications can disrupt patient wellbeing and potentially cause delays in treatment.

Purpose: To provide more accurate and definitive conclusions regarding the clinical and technical complications associated with the transperineal (TP) and transrectal (TR) approaches, a comprehensive review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. This systematic review covered all eligible studies to facilitate a thorough comparison of complications linked to the two fiducial marker insertion methods, TP and TR. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted, encompassing databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, up to July 7, 2023. The relative risk and 95% confidence interval were utilized to evaluate the diagnosis and complication rates. Results: The final selection for the methodological quality analysis included 13 observational studies that utilized TP and TR gold fiducial insertion approaches. The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower risks of urinary tract infections (UTI) and rectal bleeding with the TP approach. Conclusion The use of both TP and TR techniques for placing gold seed fiducial markers has proven to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for image-guided radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients. A significant benefit of the TP technique is its ability to avoid rectal puncture, thereby reducing the risk of UTIs. Although the incidence of UTIs and rectal bleeding associated with the TR method is relatively low, these complications can disrupt patient wellbeing and potentially cause delays in treatment.

Purpose: To provide more accurate and definitive conclusions regarding the clinical and technical complications associated with the transperineal (TP) and transrectal (TR) approaches, a comprehensive review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. This systematic review covered all eligible studies to facilitate a thorough comparison of complications linked to the two fiducial marker insertion methods, TP and TR. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted, encompassing databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, up to July 7, 2023. The relative risk and 95% confidence interval were utilized to evaluate the diagnosis and complication rates. Results: The final selection for the methodological quality analysis included 13 observational studies that utilized TP and TR gold fiducial insertion approaches. The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower risks of urinary tract infections (UTI) and rectal bleeding with the TP approach. Conclusion The use of both TP and TR techniques for placing gold seed fiducial markers has proven to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for image-guided radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients. A significant benefit of the TP technique is its ability to avoid rectal puncture, thereby reducing the risk of UTIs. Although the incidence of UTIs and rectal bleeding associated with the TR method is relatively low, these complications can disrupt patient wellbeing and potentially cause delays in treatment.

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is recognized as a reliable option for inhibiting caries progression without tooth removal and for preventing new lesions. However, most studies have focused on the management of dentin caries, and few studies have explored the use of SDF in conjunction with light curing for enamel caries. This study evaluated the effects of SDF and potassium iodide (KI) with additional light curing on the remineralization of artificially induced enamel caries. Sixty-four specimens were prepared from 32 primary molars. Of these, two were used to observe polished sound enamel surfaces, whereas the remaining 62 were demineralized to artificially induce caries. After excluding two specimens to observe the carious enamel surface, 60 specimens were randomly divided into four groups: Group I (SDF for 60 s), Group II (SDF for 10 s), Group III (SDF for 10 s + light curing for 3 s), and Group IV (SDF for 10 s + KI + light curing for 3 s). After the allocated interventions, all specimens were subjected to pH cycling for 8 days. The Vickers microhardness, surface morphology, and chemical composition of enamel were analyzed using a microhardness tester, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Group IV exhibited the greatest increase in microhardness, followed by Group III, with significant differences between the groups. Groups I and II showed smaller increases, without significant differences between the groups. SEM-EDS analysis revealed higher silver deposition in the lightcured groups, and iodine peaks were observed in Group IV, confirming the formation of silver iodide. The combination of SDF, KI, and light curing could enhance enamel remineralization and shorten the application time compared with that for SDF alone.

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is recognized as a reliable option for inhibiting caries progression without tooth removal and for preventing new lesions. However, most studies have focused on the management of dentin caries, and few studies have explored the use of SDF in conjunction with light curing for enamel caries. This study evaluated the effects of SDF and potassium iodide (KI) with additional light curing on the remineralization of artificially induced enamel caries. Sixty-four specimens were prepared from 32 primary molars. Of these, two were used to observe polished sound enamel surfaces, whereas the remaining 62 were demineralized to artificially induce caries. After excluding two specimens to observe the carious enamel surface, 60 specimens were randomly divided into four groups: Group I (SDF for 60 s), Group II (SDF for 10 s), Group III (SDF for 10 s + light curing for 3 s), and Group IV (SDF for 10 s + KI + light curing for 3 s). After the allocated interventions, all specimens were subjected to pH cycling for 8 days. The Vickers microhardness, surface morphology, and chemical composition of enamel were analyzed using a microhardness tester, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Group IV exhibited the greatest increase in microhardness, followed by Group III, with significant differences between the groups. Groups I and II showed smaller increases, without significant differences between the groups. SEM-EDS analysis revealed higher silver deposition in the lightcured groups, and iodine peaks were observed in Group IV, confirming the formation of silver iodide. The combination of SDF, KI, and light curing could enhance enamel remineralization and shorten the application time compared with that for SDF alone.

Purpose: To provide more accurate and definitive conclusions regarding the clinical and technical complications associated with the transperineal (TP) and transrectal (TR) approaches, a comprehensive review of observational studies and randomized controlled trials was conducted. This systematic review covered all eligible studies to facilitate a thorough comparison of complications linked to the two fiducial marker insertion methods, TP and TR. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted, encompassing databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, up to July 7, 2023. The relative risk and 95% confidence interval were utilized to evaluate the diagnosis and complication rates. Results: The final selection for the methodological quality analysis included 13 observational studies that utilized TP and TR gold fiducial insertion approaches. The meta-analysis revealed significantly lower risks of urinary tract infections (UTI) and rectal bleeding with the TP approach. Conclusion The use of both TP and TR techniques for placing gold seed fiducial markers has proven to be an effective, safe, and well-tolerated method for image-guided radiation therapy in prostate cancer patients. A significant benefit of the TP technique is its ability to avoid rectal puncture, thereby reducing the risk of UTIs. Although the incidence of UTIs and rectal bleeding associated with the TR method is relatively low, these complications can disrupt patient wellbeing and potentially cause delays in treatment.

Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) is recognized as a reliable option for inhibiting caries progression without tooth removal and for preventing new lesions. However, most studies have focused on the management of dentin caries, and few studies have explored the use of SDF in conjunction with light curing for enamel caries. This study evaluated the effects of SDF and potassium iodide (KI) with additional light curing on the remineralization of artificially induced enamel caries. Sixty-four specimens were prepared from 32 primary molars. Of these, two were used to observe polished sound enamel surfaces, whereas the remaining 62 were demineralized to artificially induce caries. After excluding two specimens to observe the carious enamel surface, 60 specimens were randomly divided into four groups: Group I (SDF for 60 s), Group II (SDF for 10 s), Group III (SDF for 10 s + light curing for 3 s), and Group IV (SDF for 10 s + KI + light curing for 3 s). After the allocated interventions, all specimens were subjected to pH cycling for 8 days. The Vickers microhardness, surface morphology, and chemical composition of enamel were analyzed using a microhardness tester, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. Group IV exhibited the greatest increase in microhardness, followed by Group III, with significant differences between the groups. Groups I and II showed smaller increases, without significant differences between the groups. SEM-EDS analysis revealed higher silver deposition in the lightcured groups, and iodine peaks were observed in Group IV, confirming the formation of silver iodide. The combination of SDF, KI, and light curing could enhance enamel remineralization and shorten the application time compared with that for SDF alone.