OBJECTIVETo assess the effectiveness of an educational intervention program in sexually transmitted disease (STD) and condom-related knowledge and promoting condom use among STD patients.

METHODSSTD clinic patients were randomly assigned to three groups (A, control group; B, video viewing group; group C, video viewing plus education with talk) after administered with baseline questionnaire. Each patient was then scheduled to complete the questionnaire regarding the change of STD knowledge and use of condom in two weeks and 3 months.

RESULTSSix hundred and forty-eight patients entered the study. More than half of the patients were aware of STD-related knowledge. However the rate of condom use was very low. When having intercourse with the casual sexual partners the percentage of condom use was only 20%. Seventeen per cent of the patients knew nothing about how to use condom correctly. Follow up results showed that the education program increased the knowledge about STD to some degree. However the percentage of condom use in the latest sexual intercourse increased greatly both in intervention and control groups, but more in intervention groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSTD education should be focused on advocating and correcting condom use.

Adult ; Condoms ; statistics & numerical data ; utilization ; Female ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Health Promotion ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Education as Topic ; methods ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases ; prevention & control ; Videotape Recording

Objective To provide theoretic support for preventing traumatic arterial and venous cerebral infarction after craniocerebral trauma by probing into the related risk factors.Methods The clinical data of 154 pateints with moderate or severe craniocerebral trauma treated by decompressive craniectomy were studied retrospectively.Univariate analysis was carried out on 13 related factors including gender,age,Glasgow Coma Score(GCS)on admission,pupil status,morphological changes of ambient cisterns,brain midline,associated injury,blood pressure,traumatic superficial cerebral veins injury,platelet count,plasma D-dimer value,dosage of dehydrating agent and perioperative fluid balance.Then,the logistic multiple regression analysis was made on significant indexes with SPSS 10.0.Results Univariate analysis showed that seven factors including pupil status,GCS on admission,age,associated injury,perioperative blood pressure,morphological changes of ambient cisterns and brain midline were significantly correlated with traumatic arterial cerebral infarction(P ＜ 0.05)and that three factors including traumatic superficial cerebral veins injury,plasma D-dimer value and associated injury were significantly correlated with traumatic venous cerebral infarction(P ＜ 0.05).Logistic multi-factors regression analysis showed that mydriasis and hypotension might be the independent risk factor of traumatic arterial cerebral infarction and that traumatic superficial cerebral veins injury might be the independent risk factors of traumatic venous cerebral infarction.Conclusion The pupil status,GCS on admission,age,associated injury,perioperative blood pressure,morphological changes of ambient cisterns and brain midline are the risk factors of traumatic arterial cerebral infarction,with mydriasis and hypotension as independent risk factors.Traumatic superficial cerebral veins injury,plasma D-dimer value and associated injury are the risk factors of raumatic venous cerebral infarction,with traumatic superficial cerebral veins injury as independent risk factor.

Objective To investigate the instructive role and clinical effect of invasive intracranial pressure monitoring in treating bilateral posttraumatic acute diffuse brain swelling(PADBS).Methods A total of 52 consecutive patients with bilateral PADBS managed under invasive intracranial pressure monitoring between October 2009 and December 2010 were enrolled as the study group.Another 53 patients with bilateral PADBS managed with non-intracranial pressure monitoring from February 2007 to September 2009 were set as the control group.The clinical outcomes of the two groups were compared.Results The ratios of good recovery[Glasgow Outcome Scale(GOS)=5 points]and severe disability(GOS=3 points)were 59.6％(31/52)and 11.5％(6/52)respectively in the study group,but 35.9％(19/53)and 28.3％(15/53)respectively in the control group(P＜0.05).The death rates of the study and control groups were 5.8％(3/52)and 9.4％(5/53)respectively(P＞0.05),and the average hospital stay was(34.35±17.50)days and(42.43±22.17)days respectively(P＜0.05).Conclusion Durative monitoring of invasive intracranial pressure in treatment of bilateral PADBS can improve prognosis,shorten hospital stay and therefore is worthy of clinical application.

Background::Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori) infection is an infectious disease with a prevalence rate of up to 50% worldwide. It can cause indigestion, gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. H. pylori eradication treatment can effectively control disease progression and reduce the risk of the above conditions. However, the escalating trend of antibiotic resistance presents a global challenge for H. pylori eradication. We aim to provide guidance on pharmacological treatment of H. pylori infection. Methods::This clinical practice guideline is developed following the World Health Organization’s recommended process, adopting Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation in assessing evidence quality, and utilizing Evidence to Decision framework to formulate clinical recommendations, minimizing bias and increasing transparency of the clinical practice guideline development process. We used the Reporting Items for practice Guidelines in HealThcare (RIGHT) statement and The Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation II (AGREE II) as reporting and conduct guides to ensure the guideline’s completeness and transparency.Results::Though decreasing in developed countries, the prevalence of H. pylori remains high in developing countries, causing a major public health burden. This clinical practice guideline contains 12 recommendations concerning pharmacological treatment for H. pylori eradication. Among them, it is worth highlighting that bismuth preparations are inexpensive, safe, and effective, consequently making bismuth quadruple therapy a preferred choice for initial and rescue treatment. In empirical treatment, high-dose dual therapy is equally effective compared with bismuth quadruple therapy. Conclusions::The 12 recommendations in this clinical practice guideline are formed with consideration for stakeholders’ values and preferences, resource use, feasibility, and acceptability. Recommendations are generalizable to resource limited settings with similar antibiotic resistance pattern as China, and lower middle-income countries facing comparable sociological and technical challenges.Registration::Guidelines International Network (GIN) website, https://guidelines.ebmportal.com/node/69996.

Objective To explore the significance of GBA gene mutation and gene detection in diagnosis of Gaucher disease. Method The clinical data and genetic testing results of 3 probands from 3 unrelated Gaucher families and their family members were analyzed. Results A compound heterozygous mutation of c.907C>A and c.1448T>C was found in the proband of the first family, which was inherited from parents respectively. Another complex heterozygous mutation of c.1174delC and c.1226A>G was found in the proband of second family, which was inherited from parents respectively, and the variant c.1174delC was a new mutation, which has not been reported in the literature according to the search by HGMD. The homozygous nucleotide variation of c.1342G>C and heterozygous nucleotide variation of c.1263_1317del was found in the proband of the third family and the c.1263_1317del heterozygous mutation was inherited from father. Conclusion The mutation of GBA gene was the cause of Gaucher disease in these 3 families and Gaucher disease can be diagnosed by molecular genetics in clinic.

Objective:To explore the relationship between perioperative heparin dose and postoperative bleeding.Methods:From January 2000 to October 2022, we searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and other databases by computer. This study explored the literature of controlled clinical trials on the correlation between heparin dosage and postoperative bleeding, and used Review Manager 5.4 software for statistical analysis.Results:A total of 10 studies with a total of 829 patients were included in this study. The results of meta-analysis showed that postoperative blood loss in high-dose heparin patients was significant, and the difference was statistically significant between high-dose and low-dose groups( MD=108.4, 95% CI: 85.55-131.33, I2=0, P<0.0001). The proportion of blood transfusion was also significantly increased in the high-dose group( OR=2.32, 95% CI: 1.10-4.89, I2=62%, P=0.03). However, there was no effect on postoperative death at 30 days and ICU stay time. Conclusion:High dose heparin significantly increases postoperative blood loss and the proportion of postoperative transfusions required, but has no significant effect on postoperative death at 30 days and ICU stay time.

The overall health condition of patients significantly affects the diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of endodontic diseases.A systemic consideration of the patient's overall health along with oral conditions holds the utmost importance in determining the necessity and feasibility of endodontic therapy,as well as selecting appropriate therapeutic approaches.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by specialists from endodontics and clinical physicians across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on clinical procedures,improve patient safety and enhance clinical outcomes of endodontic therapy in patients with compromised overall health.

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage commonly presents in traumatic brain injury patients, and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis, brain abscess, subdural hematoma or tension pneumocephalus. When misdiagnosed or inappropriately treated, traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage may result in severe complications and may be life-threatening. Some traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage has concealed manifestations and is prone to misdiagnosis. Due to different sites and mechanisms of trauma and degree of cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatments for traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage varies greatly. Hence, the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage in adults ( version 2023)" based on existing clinical evidence and experience. The consensus consisted of 16 recommendations, covering the leakage diagnosis, localization, treatments, and intracranial infection prevention, so as to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage and improve the overall prognosis of the patients.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.