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Gallibacterium anatis,a member of the Pasteurellaceae family,constitutes a part of the normal micro-flora of the upper respiratory tract and the lower genital tract in chickens.However,increasing evidence indicate that G.anatis is also associated with a wide range of pathological changes,particularly in the reproductive organs,which leads to decreased egg production,lowered animal welfare and increased mortality.As a recently defined opportunistic pathogen limited focus has been placed on the pathogenesis and putative virulence factors permitting G.anatis to cause disease.One of the most studied virulence determinants is a large RTX-like toxin (GtxA),which has been demonstrated to induce a strong leukotoxic effect on avian macrophages.A number of fimbria of different sizes and shapes,particularly the F17-1ike fimbriaes,appear to be common in a diverse selection of G.anatis strains.The capsular material expressed possibly involved in serum resistance,metalloproteases capable of degrading immunoglobulins,hemagglutinins,and all factors which may promote biofilm formation are likely linked to the virulence of G.anatis.This review summarized the putative virulence factors described for this bacterium to date.

Objective To evaluate the role of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) in ischemia-reperfusion induced lung injury, and clarify the potential molecular mechanism.Methods Fifty mice of C57BL/6J were randomly divided into five groups, 10 mice in each group, including Sham operation group(sham group),ischemia/reperfusion group (I/R group), I/R +PBS+Lipofectamine group(I/R+PBS+Lipo group) , I/R+scramble siRNA group( I/R+siRNASCR group) , I/R+CHOPsiRNA group( I/R+siRNACHOP group).The content of total lung water (TLW), wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D) of lung and index of quantitative assessment of histologic lung injury (IQA) were detected, CHOP mRNA and protein expression were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Compared with Sham group, W/D, TLW and IQA were significantly elevated in I/R group,I/R+PBS+Lipo group and I/R+siRNASCR group (P<0.05).Moreover, the W/D,TLW and IQA reduced with CHOP-siRNA treatment, respectively(P<0.01).Compared with Sham group, CHOP mRNA and protein expressions were significantly elevated in I/R group,I/R+PBS+Lipo group and I/R+siRNASCR group, Moreover, the CHOP mRNA and protein expressions reduced with CHOP-siRNA treatment, respectively(P<0.01). Conclusion I/R could cause excessive unfolded protein response in lung tissue, and induce apoptosis by CHOP signal pathway, damage lung tissue. The inhibition of CHOP pathway could alleviate lung ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of therapy of budesonide/formoterol powder for inhalation in treatment of adult with bronchial asthma.Methods 90 cases with bronchial asthma and were divided into observation group and control group randomly from February 2014 to February 2015.45 cases in each group.Control group was treated with budesonide inhalants +formoterol inhalants, observation group was given budesonide/formoterol powder inhalation.Changes of related indicators were followed up and recorded.Results After treatment, IL-5, IL-12 and IFN-γwere (60.2 ±9.7)pg/mL,(31.4 ±3.1)pg/mL,(1.6 ±0.2) ng/mL of observation group were better than control group (72.8 ±10.7)pg/mL,(38.5 ± 5.6)pg/mL,(2.3 ±0.3) ng/mL (P<0.05).After treatment,total effective rate in observation group was 68.9%, which was better than control group (48.9%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Clinical effect of budesonide/formoterol powder for inhalation in treatment of patients with bronchial asthma is accurate, and there is no obvious adverse reaction.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Reflective Function Questionnaire for Youth(RFQY). Methods School sample:a total of 1 813 students from the fifth grade primary school to the second grade high school were selected for the study(aged 10 to 17 years). Clinical patients:another 52 adolescents(aged under 17 years)with borderline trait who attended Department of Psychiatry in Shengjing Hospital were recruited. All subjects completed the RFQY,basic empathy scale( BES )and emotional intelligence scale(EIS). After 3 weeks,85 students were randomly selected and filled in the questionaires again. Results The internal consistency of the RFQY was 0.73,and the test?retest reliability was 0.686(P<0.001). The RFQY scores of the school students were significantly higher than those in clinical patients(8.71±0.65 vs 8.10±0.89,P<0.001). The RFQY scores of male students were significantly lower than those in female students(8.61±0.67 vs 8.78±0.63,P<0.001). The score increased with the age increased(P<0.001). Conclusion The Chinese version of RFQY shows good reliability and validity , which can be used to measure the reflective function of adolescents in China .

Objective: To investigate the relationship between prolactin (PRL) cleavage and the occurrence of hypertension, heart failure (HF) in post-menopausal female patients.
Methods: A total of 216 post-menopausal female subjects were enrolled in our study and they were divided into 3 groups: Hypertension group,n=80 patients with essential hypertension, Hypertension + HF group,n=76 and Control group,n=60 post-menopausal women form regular physical examination. The full length (23 kD PRL), 16 kD PRL fragment, lipid peroxide (LPO), total antioxidant status (TAS), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), NT-proBNP, creatinine, uric acid, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and BMI were examined and compared among different groups.
Results:①There were no real differences in age, creatinine, uric acid, FBG and BMI among groups,P>0.05.②Compared with Control group, Hypertension group had increased LPO and decreased TAS; compared with Control group and Hypertension group, Hypertension + HF group had increased LPO and decreased TAS.③Compared with Control group, Hypertension + HF group showed lower level of 23KD PRL, higher level of 16KD PRL and the higher ratio of 16KD PRL/23KD PRL,P<0.05-0.01.④Pearson correlation analysis indicated that LPO was negatively related to 23KD PRL (r=-0.784,P<0.01), positively related to 16KD PRL (r=0.807, P<0.01); TAS was positively related to 23KD PRL (r=0.768, P<0.01), negatively related to 16KD PRL (r=-0.777P<0.01); 23KD PRL was positively related to LVEF (r=0.852, P<0.01), negatively related to NT-proBNP (r=-0.832P<0.01); 16KD PRL was negatively related to LVEF (r=-0.850,P<0.01), positively related to NT-proBNP (r=0.814,P<0.01).
Conclusion: PRL cleavage was highly related to the occurrence of hypertension and HF in post-menopausal female patients.

Object To study on the structure of sapogenins from pod of Gleditsia sinensis Lam Methods Pod of G. sinensis was extracted with solvents and the constituents in the extraction isolated, after hydrolised completely, with the aid of flash chromatography to obtain 2 gledgenins Results The structures of the 2 gledgenins were proved to be 3 hydroxy 12 oleanen 28 oic acid and 3, 16 dihydroxy 12 oleanen 28 oic acid respectively as shown by IR, NMR, MS and crystallographic data The structures were further verified by acylation, methylation and followed by reaction with 3, 5 dinitro benzoyl chloride Conclusion New crystalline derivatives were obtained to provide further evidence of their structures

Objective: To explore the peri-operative treatment and 3 years post-operative outcome in patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis and small left ventricle. Methods: A total of 152 patients with rheumatic mitral valve stenosis and severe pulmonary hypertension were studied. According to left ventricular end diastolic index (LVEDI) value, the patients were divided into 2 groups: Small left ventricle (Small) group, the patients with LVEDI value≤60 mm, n=67 and Non-small left ventricle (Non-small) group, the patients with LVEDI value>60 mm,n=85. Peri-operative condition and follow-up parameters were compared between 2 groups. Results: Compared with Non-small group, Small group had increased pre-operative CVP, SPAP and decreased LVEDV, LVEDVI and RVEF at admission, all P<0.05. All patients had liver damage at admission, the indexes (except alkaline phosphatase) were higher in Small group than Non-small group, and the function was recovered prior operation by proper treatment. The immediate post-operative SPAP in Small group and Non-small group were (67.3.1±23.4) mmHg and (61.3±26.9) mmHg, P>0.05. There were 52 severe pulmonary hypertension patients received iloprost inhalation, their SPAP was decreased than non-inhalation patients at incision closing; SPAP was lower in Small group inhalation patients than Non-small group inhalation patients, all P<0.05. Post-operative LVEDVI was lower and SPAP was higher in Small group than Non-small group. At 3 years post-operation, LVEDVI, RVEF increased, NYHA classification decreased and 6MWT prolonged in both groups; while LVEDVI was lower and 6MWT was shorter in Small group than Non-small group, P<0.05. The median survival time at (3.7±1.6) years post-operation was shorter in Small group than Non-small group,P<0.05, while the mortality was similar between 2 groups (2.6% vs 2.0%),P>0.05. Conclusion: The patients with mitral valve stenosis and small left ventricle had the worse pre-operative condition and higher risk in surgery; peri-operative treatment could improve their cardiac and liver function, but they still had the shorter post-operative median survival time.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of percutaneous trasluminal angioplasty (PTA) for ischemic lesions of below-the-knee(BTK) arteries in elderly patients.Methods Clinical data of 56 elderly patients(the PTA group) with ischemic lesions of BTK arteries who had received PTA treatment were retrospectively analyzed.The ankle brachial index (ABI) and the skin temperature of the affected foot were recorded and analyzed before and after treatment.The clinical effects were compared with those of conservative treatment 31 patients(the control group) had received during the same period.Results PTA was successfully performed in all of the 56 cases.The skin temperature rose,claudication disappeared or the claudication distance increased,rest pain disappeared or lessened,and no severe complications or death occurred in the PTA group.ABI increased from (0.41±0.12) before treatment to(0.63±0.21),(0.65±0.19),(0.67± 0.22),(0.61±0.20),and (0.58±0.18) at 24 hours,1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,respectively.The skin temperature increased from(28.4±2.1)℃ before treatment to(35.4±2.4)℃,(35.6±2.1)℃,(35.8±2.4)℃,(34.6±2.1)℃ and(34.3±2)℃ at 24 hours,1,3,6 and 12 months after treatment,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in ABI and the skin temperature between before treatment and any time point after treatment(all P＜0.05) and between the PTA group and the control group at any time point after treatment(all P＜0.05).Conclusions PTA is a safe and effective treatment for ischemic lesions of BTK arteries in elderly patients.

Treatment resistant depression is a common and severe mental disorder associated with significant burden of disease .Most individuals receiving conventional pharmacotheraphy fail to achieve and sustain remission.So this is still one of the difficult challenges for the psychiatrist .Much of the research pro-vided indications that the efficacy of treatment for the disease was not optimistic, but the treatment was still made great progress .The common treatments for this disease included pharmacotherapy,psychotherapy,elec-troconvulsive therapy(ECT),transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound surgery( MRgFUS) ,deep brain stimulation ( DBS) ,aerobic exercise,light therapy and so on.Each therapeutic strategy has its own features, and could be suitable or unsuitable in some situations.The high rates of non-remission with first-line treatment strategies make the combination of antidepressant and non-drug treatments to be the new trend of the treatments for treatment resistant depression in the future.