Objective To study the constituents from the berry of Panax ginseng. Methods Compounds were separated and purified by column chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by physicochemical properties and spectral analyses. Results Twelve compounds were isolated from water extracts of the berry of P. ginseng. They were identified as benzoic acid (Ⅰ), isoginsenoside-Rh3 (Ⅱ), ginsenoside-Rh2 (Ⅲ), ginsenoside-Rh1 (Ⅳ), ginsenoside-Rg1 (Ⅴ), ginsenoside-Re (Ⅵ), ginsenoside-Rd (Ⅶ), ginsenoside-Rc (Ⅷ), ginsenoside-Rb2 (Ⅸ), ginsenoside-Rb1 (Ⅹ), ?-sitosterol (Ⅺ), and 20-O-?-D-glucopyranosyl-20 (S)-protopanaxadiol named as compound K (ⅩⅡ). Conclusion The compound K is a new natural product.

Cotinus coggygria Scop. is theAnacardiaceae Cotinus L. plant and used for natural drugs in the treatment of acute icteric infectious hepatitis. The pharmacological research showed thatCotinus coggygria Scop. has the effects of reducing jaundice and enzyme, gallbladder Cholagogic and strengthen immune function. The current research onCotinus coggygria Scop. is still not deep enough, the pharmacological effects ofCotinus coggygria Scop. are mostly limited to the anticoagulant, hemolytic and anti liver chemical injury. In order to better study the scientific connotation of antitumor ofCotinus coggygria Scop., the active ingredient ofCotinus coggygria Scop., pharmacological action and clinical application were reviewed.

Objective To explore the change in cardiac function in patients with idiopathic frequent premature ventricular contraction(PVC) after radiofrequency catheter ablation(RFCA) and drug control by ultrasound Doppler and noninvasive hemodynamic detection technique.Methods Forty-eight patients with idiopathic frequent PVC were selected as the test group with a total of(16 391.03±10 873.01)beats per day.Another 55 healthy subjects were selected as the control group.Heart ultrasound Doppler and noninvasive hemodynamic detection technique were used in the two groups.Twenty-five patients were selected from the PVC group to receive RFCA,while noninvasive hemodynamic detection technique was adopted 3 days after operation.Results by ultrasound Doppler and noninvasive hemodynamic detection technique were compared between the two groups before and after operation.Results There was no significant difference in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),left ventricular end-diastolic dimension(LVEDD),left ventricular end-systolic dimension (LVESD),left atrial diameter(LA)and the ratios of the peak mitral flow velocity in early diastole (E) to the peak atrial kick velocity (A) between the two groups.HI,SI,CI and C in PVC group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.01),but WA,O,WA/C and O/C were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).HI,SI,CI and C obviously increased 3 days after operation(P<0.01),but WA,O,WA/C and O/C significantly decreased (P<0.01).Conclusion The cardiac functio of idiopathic PVC patients in the early stage may have been damaged,and RECA can reverse or delay the damaged cardiac function due to frequent PVC.

Objective To study the clinical manifestations and influencing prognostic factors of children with acute paraquat in-toxication ,and to search for reasonable and effective treatments .Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 68 children with acute paraquat intoxication from March 2005 to June 2012 .According to the amount of toxic dose and clinical symptoms ,all of them were divided into 3 groups ,mild type(22 cases) ,severe type(26 cases) and fulminant type(14 cases) ,retrospective analysis on clinical manifestation ,auxiliary examination and prognosis among the groups and following up the survival of these patients ,the risk factors which may affect the prognosis were explored .Results 66 cases were poisoned by taking orally and the other 2 cases were poisoned by the skin absorption .Gastrointestinal symptoms were the most common .Among 68 cases ,6 cases was lost the following up ,20 cases died(32 .26% mortality):all children from mild type survived ;8 patients from severe type and 12 patients from fulmi-nant type(30 .77% ,85 .71% ,mortality respectively ) .As the degree of the clinical classification deteriorated ,the mortality in-creased ,there was statistical signification between each other and so did the blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (P<0 .05) .By following up ,children who once passed the acute stage can recovery and the pulmonary fibrosis might be reversed by the chest CT follow-up .The logistic regression analysis indicated that children who had been diagnosed with acute kidney injury and multiple or-gan dysfunction syndrome showed the worse prognosis .Conclusion Acute kidney injury is a very important factor for the short term prognosis of paraquat intoxication ,while pulmonary fibrosis determine the long-term outcomes ,lung injury may be reversed in the course of the disease ,so we should take active treatments .

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of tween-80at different concentrations on the dissolution of ipriflavone capsules.METHODS:Different concentrations of tween-80ipriflavone capsules were prepared with contents and dissolutions of ipriflavone capsules determined by UV spectrophotometry,parameter values of T d ,T 50 and m were calculated and compared among each other.RESULTS:When tween-80were at a concentration range of1%～3%,the T 50 and T d diminished with the increase of concentration of tween-80,its optimal concentration was2.5%.CONCLUSION:The dissolution of ipriflavone capsules can be markedly increased if the preparation was added with optimal amount of tween-80(P

AIM: To observe the expressions of aquaporin 2 (AQP2) in kidney tissues and the contents of endotoxin (ET), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in serum in emphysema model rats, and to investigate the relationship between lungs and kidney in humoral metabolism. METHODS: The rats of emphysema were treated by injecting lipopolysaccharide into the trachea with cigarette smoking. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were used to observe the expression of AQP2 in kidney tissues. RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression of AQP2 mRNA in kidney tissues. Blood sample and lung tissue were taken and the levels of ET, IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: AQP2 expression in the kidney tissue in model group was greater than that in control group, and the expression of AQP2 mRNA showed the same results (P<0.01). ET, IL-1β and TNF-α levels in serum and lung tissue in model group were markedly higher than those in control group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: In the emphysema model rats, AQP2 expression is up-regulated in the kidney tissue. The mechanism of emphysema may be related to increasing the levels of ET, IL-1β and TNF-α in the serum and lung tissue obviously.

Objective: To assess the accuracy and application value of type III portable monitor (III PM) of sleep apnea (SA) for in-hospital patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods: A total of 101 CVD patients received sleep apnea monitoring by both type II polysomnography ( II PSG) and III PM were enrolled to compare the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) measured by 2 instruments. AHI was assigned into 4 grades: Normal (AHI<5), Mild grade (5≤AHI<15), Moderate grade (15≤AHI<30) and Severe grade (AHI≥30). Kendall correlation coefficient and Kappa value were calculated, pair wise t test was conducted in relevant patients. Results: II PSG and III PM measured AHI were (18.0±16.6) events/h and (18.6±17.4) events/h, P>0.05. Kendall correlation coefficient for 4 AHI grades was 0.701, P<0.01 which assumed strong correlation; Kappa value of consistency was 0.493, P<0.01 which assumed medium strong correlation. Using AHI≥15 as cut-off point, Kappa coefficient for the consistency between II PSG and III PM was 0.679, P<0.05, which meant high consistency. Taking II PSG as standard and AHI≥15 as cut-off point, the AUC of III PM measured AHI was 0.918 with the specificity at 80.4% and sensitivity at 87.3%. The best diagnosing cut-off value of III PM was AHI=15.70, at this point, the maximum Youden's index was obtained as 0.695. Conclusion: Using AHI≥15 as standard, III PM and II PSG had the favorable consistency and accuracy for monitoring the severity of SA for in-hospital patients with cardiovascular disease. AHI=15.7 was the best cut-off point of III PM in diagnosing moderate and severe SA in relevant patients.

Objective To analyze nucleophosmin (NPM1) gene mutations in exon 12 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and evaluate the clinical appliance of three methods which are frequently used for detecting gene mutation. Methods Genomic DNA from bone marrow of 54 AML patients was detected by PCR for NPM1 exon 12 and screened by PCR-capillary electrophoresis, denature high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and direct sequencing separately. FLT3-ITD (FMS-like tyrosine kinease internal tandem duplication) was detected by agarose gel electrophoresis and PCR-capillary electrophoresis. Results Seven AML sample harbored NPM1 gene mutations. Five of them were the most common mutation, known as type A (an insertion of a TCTG tetranucleotide at position 960 bp). One of them was type D (an insertion of a CCTG tetranuclectide at position 960 bp). The new variant was a deletion of a TGGCAGTG sequence at 958 bp and insertion of a GCCCGCGGTTTA sequence instead. The detection ratio of the three methods was all 100% and capillary electrophoresis was more rapid, reliable and easier than the other two methods. Moreover it could detect FLT3-ITD simultaneously. The resolving power of DHPLC was affected by many factors. The direct sequencing method was tedious and the heterozygous sequence might be misread. Conclusions There is a new mutation at position 958 bp with a 12-nucleotide insertion and substitution. PCR-capillary electrophoresis is convenient to screen NPM1 mutations of AML in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of hydrogen on post - cardiac arrest brain injury in rabbits.Method Sixty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups,namely experiment group ( group A,n =30 ) and control group ( group B,n =30 ).Inhalation of 2％ hydrogen gas was conferred to rabbits immediately at the end of cardiac arrest modeling for 72 hours in the group A. Air instead was given to rabbits in the group B.Blood samples were collected before cardiac arrest (CA),and 4,12,24 and 72 hours after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) in all rabbits for determining the levels of hydrogen,tumor necrosis factor - α ( TNF - α),neuron - specific enolase (NSE) and protein S100β.At the same time,rectal temperature,mean arterial pressure,heart rate and respiration rate were recorded,and the neurologic deficit scoring (NDS) was carried out.The rate of systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS ) and the rate of survival of rabbits were analyzed. Results There was no significant difference in level of TNF - α activation between group A and group B within12 h of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).In group A,TNF - α level and the rate of SIRS peaked at 24 hours after CPR,which were higher than those in group B,and then decreased gradually,and the rate of survival was higher than that in group B in 72 hours after ROSC,the NSE was lower than that in group B at 24 hours after ROSC.In group B,S100β level began to increase significantly 4 hours after CPR,which was higher than that in group A,the level of NDS in group B was higher than that in group A 72 hours after ROSC.Conclusions Inhalation of hydrogen gas lessened inflammation and alleviated the brain injury after CPR.

Objective To explore the value of 3.0T MRI in preoperative diagnosis and staging of elderly cervical carcinoma.Methods Totally 73 patients were enrolled in this trial.The MRI features of cervical carcinoma and invasion of adjacent tissue were evaluated,the correlation of MRI staging and pathological staging was studied.Results MRI showed lesions in 73 patients,the accuracy of diagnosis for uterine cervical carcinoma was 100.0 ％,for parametrial invasion was 94.2 ％.The results of MRI staging of 52 cases showed the accuracy was 88.5％ (46 cases) as compared with postoperative pathology.The correlation between the MRI and postoperative pathology in the stages of Ⅰ B,Ⅱ A and Ⅱ B uterine cervical cancer was very well(x2 ＝ 61.43,P＜0.01),the consistency of MRI in the diagnosis of uterine cervical cancer in stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ with postoperative pathology was extremely strong(100％).Conclusions The accuracy of diagnosis and staging for uterine cervical carcinoma is high in MRI imaging.