The aim of the study was to optimize the coating formulation of sustained release pellets of loxoprofen sodium by the central composite design-response surface methodology(RSM plus CCD).In the formulation design using RSM plus CCD,independent variables were the ratio of HPMC to EC(X_1) in the sustained coating formulation and polymer load(weight gain,X_2) were selected as in dependent variables,and in vitro accumulated releases from the pellets at 1,4,and 8 h were dependent variables.Multilinear,two and three order quadratic models were used to estimate the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables,and to delineate RSM and overlay contour plots in order to select the optimal formulations in compliance to the hypothesized in vitro releases (%) at 1,4,and 8 h.The results showed that the relationship between dependent and independent variables was best fitted to three-order quadratic equation.The regression equation generated for the hypothesized in vitro cumulative releases(%) at 1,4,and 8 h were Q_(1h) =227.699 2-30.785 9X_1-43.395 4X_2 + 0.917 4X_1~2 +1.820 3X_2~2 +6.803 9X_1X_2-0.131 5X_1~2X_2-0.268 2X_1X_2~2,Q_(4h) =408.254 0-47.427 8X_1-75.229 2X_2 +3.304 0X_2~2 +12.357 3X_1X_2-0.111 8X_1~2X_2-0.5425X_1X_2~2,Q_(8h) =303.539 0-30.417 6X_1-45.114 0X_2 +2.064 4X_2~2 +6.865 0X_1X_2-0.3341X_1X_2~2,respectively.In the optimized coating formulation,the ratio of HPMC to EC was 4.0% and the polymer load 9.0%.Bias between observed and predicted values in vitro accumulated releases were negligible,indicating the high predictability of the selected models.Therefore,RSM plus CCD is applicable in the optimization of the coating formulation of loxoprofen sodium sustained-release pellets.

Objective To observe the effect of Glutsmine on intestinal barrier function after traumatic brain injury in rats. Methods A total of 54 adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into 3 groups, ie, normal group (Group N, 6 rats), TBI group (Group T, 24 rats) and Giutamine intervention group (Group G, 24 rats). Group T and Group G were subdivided into 4 groups according to detection time at days 1,3, 5 and 7 respectively. Meanwhile, 6 rats were enlisted in each group. The intestinal mucosa structure was detected by histopathological examination and electron microscopy. Apoptosis was detected by in situ immunohistochemical staining (TUNEL). Results Glutamine could relieve the pathological lesion of gut mucosa and decrease intestinal mucosa cell apoptosis after traumatic brain injury. Conclusion Glutamine can protect intestinal mucosa barrier function following traumatic brain injury.

Objective To outline the classification of spinal tuberculosis based on MRI findings (Southern Medical University classification,SMU classification) and explore its use in the diagnosis,surgical protocols.Methods The MRI data from 230 cases with spinal tuberculosis were analyzed retrospectively.Our classification system was based on clinical and radiological criteria (abscess formation,disc degeneration,vertebral collapse,kyphosis,sagittal index,instability and neurological problems).The surgical strategies were made according with this classification.Results Two hundred and thirty cases with spinal tuberculosis were classified into the 5 types.There were signal change type (type Ⅰ) in 28 cases,abscess formation type (type Ⅱ) in 39,vertebral collapse type (type Ⅲ) in 78,canal compression type (type Ⅳ) in 46 and kyphosis type (type Ⅴ) in 39 respectively.In type I lesion,25 patients had been followed up.Twenty patients were treated medically.Recurrence of tuberculosis was found in 2 cases.Surgical meticulous debridements were done in 5 cases without recurrence.In type Ⅱa lesion,6 patients were treated medically.The other 6 patients underwent surgical meticulous debridement with recurrence occurred in one patient.There was no difference between medical and surgical treatment regarding outcomes in patients with type Ⅰ and Ⅱa lesion.In type Ⅱb-Ⅴ,surgical treatments were carried out according to the pathological changes.There was no difference between medical and surgical treatment regarding outcomes in the patients with type Ⅱb-Ⅴ.Conclusion The SMU classification helps in differentiating the various manifestations of spinal tuberculosis and appears to correlate with the surgical treatment of spinal tuberculosis.We believe that this new classification system can be used as a practical guide in the treatment of spinal tuberculosis.

Wip1 is a nuclear protein and a member of serine/threonine specific protein phosphatase type 2C(PP2C)family.It was initially identified as a gene whose expression was induced in response to ? or UV radiation in a p53-dependent manner and a negative feedback regulation of p38MAPK-p53 signaling.Then,Wip1 gene was confirmed a proto-oncogene and amplified or overexpressed in several human tumor types.This review will introduce the structures and functions of Wip1 and details on the signaling process of cancer progression.

An inner-bioreactor rapid filtration sampling probe was designed to resolve the problems of continuous sampling the fermentation broth in on-line measurement the fermentation process. The probe consists of a support, a plug valve, an O-ring, a filter membrane and a pipe cover. It can be inserted directly into the bio-reactor withstanding high-temperature sterilization before fermentation, or preventing the bacteria's invasion during sampling. Fermentation broth in tank is cross-flow filtrated by a cylindrical ceramic membrane which is used as filtration membrane, and then the sterile permeated liquid is transported to the analyzer by a peristaltic pump. The sampling experiments using this device was described for sampling glucose solution indicating it is suitable for fermentation online sampling. The sampling rate is up to 3. 0 mL/ min, glucose permeability maintains 100% , and the delay time caused by the probe is about 2 min.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of row needling at the Governor Vessel on the head for poststroke insomnia, analyze the changes of sleep structure, serum amino acid neurotransmitters, vascular endothelial cell function and cognitive function, in order to explore the mechanism of this therapy.Methods: A total of 41 patients with poststroke insomnia were included in an observation group and treated with row needing at the Governor Vessel on the head; 33 patients with poststroke insomnia were included in a control group and given routine acupuncture treatment. The patients in both groups were treated consecutively for one month. The efficacy was observed and the changes of related indicators were compared. Results: After treatment, the efficacy of the observation group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). The sleep latency in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group (P<0.05); the total sleep duration, deep sleep duration, light sleep duration and rapid eye movement sleep duration in the observation group were significantly longer than those in the control group (P<0.05); the total waking duration and the waking times over 5 min were significantly less than those in the control group (P<0.05). The serum glutamic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, calcitonin gene-related peptide, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01). The tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, bradykinin, and endothelin-1 levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The Pittsburgh sleep quality index score in the observation group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.01), and the mini-mental state examination score was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Row needling at the Governor Vessel on the head can effectively improve the sleep structure, cognitive function, and sleep quality of patients with poststroke insomnia. The possible mechanisms are regulating serum amino acid neurotransmitters and improving the function of vascular endothelial cells.

Objective To investigate the actuality and risk factors of mild cognitive impairment among the elderly in Xi'an. Methods The elderly from 10 urban communities in Xi'an were selected using random cluster sample method. Mini-Mental Status Examination and cognitive function questionnaire self-designed were assessed. Results and Conclusion There were 396 (25.02%) elder people with cognitive impairment in 1583 cases. The morbidity of mild cognitive impairment was inverse to the educational level, and was related to age, gender, job category, marriage and social support (P<0.05).

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of decitabine combined with IA or CAG regimen in the treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods A retrospective analysis was made to observe the therapeutic effects and adverse reactions of 47 elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia,who were divided into DAC+IA group (17 cases) and DAC+CAG group (28 cases) according to the different chemotherapy.Results In DAC+IA group,the rate of complete remission was 29.4 ％ (5/17),the rate of partial remission was 35.3 ％ (6/17),the effective rate was 64.7 ％ (11/17).In DAC+CAG group,the rate of complete remission was 26.7 ％ (8/30),the rate of partial remission was 30.0 ％ (9/30),the effective rate was 56.7 ％ (17/30),the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (x2 =0.227,P =0.716).In DAC+IA group the median remission time and the median suvival time were 4.0 and 8.1 months,respectively.And they were 4.0 and 8.1 months,respectively,in DAC+CAG group.No significant difference was showed between the two groups (P value was 0.835,0.266,respectively).Conclusions Compared with decitabine combined with CAG regimen,decitabine combined with IA regimen has similar effect and can be well tolerated.Accordingly,decitabine combined with IA regimen can be used as first-line treatment for elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia.

[Objective] The aim of this study was to establish a quantitative SYBR Green Ⅰ real-time PCR method for detection of wide-type p53-induced phosphatase 1 (Wip1 or PPM1D) gene expression level in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC),and to investigate the relationship between Wip1 mRNA expression level and the clinicopathological characters.[Method] Real-time PCR was employed to determine the expression level of Wip1 mRNA in 44 specimens of NSCLC tissues and their adjacent normal tissues.[Results] In the 44 specimens,the expression of Wip1 mRNA in both cancer tissues and adjacent normal lung tissues were positive.Wip1 gene was overexpressed in 17 specimens among 44 NSCLC specimens.The rate was 38.6%.The relative level of Wip1 mRNA in NSCLC tissues was significantly higher than the adjacent normal lung tissues (Ratio ＝ 2.1644 ± 1.394,P ＜ 0.01).The expression of Wip1 mRNA was also correlated with pathological staging (F ＝ 5.08,P ＝ 0.013).[Conclusion] The established SYBR Green Ⅰ quantitative real-time PCR method can successfully detect the expression level of Wip1 mRNA.The results suggested that Wip1 may be involved in the development of NSCLC.

ObjectiveTo study the efficacy of adjuvant percutaneous transhepatic portal vein chemoembolization (PVCE) in the prevention of tumor recurrence after partial hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsThe clinical data of 89 patients who received liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma in our hospital from January 2007 to January 2010 were studied retrospectively.41patients received PVCE (the treatment group) while 48 patients received no PVCE (the control group).Postoperative recurrence and cumulative disease free survivals were compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.ResultsOn follow-up which ranged from 6-42 months,the 1- and 2-year disease free survivals were 76.5％ and 48.0％ in the treatment group,and 53.8％ and 25.8％ respectively in the control group (P＜0.05).The mean disease free survivals were 19.91 (95％ CI,16.09-23.73)and 13.8 months (95 ％ CI,10.95-16.65),respectively.The cumulative disease free survivals in the PVCE group were significantly higher than the control group (P=0.01).Cox multivariate analysis showed that adjuvant PVCE,tumor size,portal vein thrombosis,and postoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) were independent factors of disease free survival.ConclusionAdjuvant PVCE was effective in preventing postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after partial hepatectomy.