[Objective]To explore the method of treatment and classifications of fracture of the corocoid process of ulna.[Method]There were 56 cases of fracture of the corocoid process of ulna,with average 28.16 years old.The classifications of the corocoid process were based on the location of fracture,injury of the collateral ulnar ligament,degree of injury of the corociod process and stability of the elbow joint.[Result]All the patients were in the first intention with healing rate of 100%.The following period were 16-72 months (27.9 months on average).No complications had happened in infection,injury of nerves and instability of the elbow joints.However,there were changes of traumatic arthritis in a case of type 3 and 2 cases of type 4.The activity of the elbow joint reduced remarkably comparing with the healthy side in type 4 (P

Objective To investigate the effects of IFN ? and Somatostatin analog octreotide (SMS) on hormone secretion by cultured human GH secreting pituitary adenomas.Methods Each cultured GH secreting pituitary adenoma cells were equally distributed to culture tube and divided into 4 groups: control, IFN ?, SMS, and IFN ?+SMS. Different drugs were added into different groups. The hormone secretion in each group were detected after 2 and 4 days' incubation.Results After 2 and 4 days' incubation with IFN ?(100 IU/ml) GH secretion was significantly inhibited in 6 of 10 and 7 of 10 pituitary adenoma cultures ,reduced by 22%～54% and 30%～61% vs control ( P

Objective:To study the surgical skills of reconstruction of the skull base after resection of skull base tumors.Methods:Thirty-one cases of skull base reconstruction were studied.Galeo-pericranial flaps were used for anterior cranial base defects and tempero muscle flaps for the middle skull base respectively.Results:All the 31 patients with skull base tumors,underwent reconstruction of the skull base of whom,30 experienced no complications,but 1 died of CSF leak.Conclusion:Galeo-pericranial flaps and tempero muscle flaps are reliable materials for the reconstruction of the skull base.

Objective To develop a cancer cell targeting probe based on silica-coated gold nanorods and investigate its optics properties and its targeting effect on human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells in vitro.Methods Preparation of gold nanorods (GNRs) by seeded growth method,and then the spherical core-shell silica-coated gold nanorods were successfully prepared by a sol-gel method,finally the GNRs@SiO2 was conjugated with folate (GNRs@SiO2-FA).The characteristics of GNRs@SiO2-FA were studied using transmission electron microscopy,and UV spectra.The cells were divided into 2 groups randomly,adding GNRs@SiO2-FA and GNRs solution respectively at the gold concentration of 40.0 × 10-6,20.0 ×10-6,10.0 × 10-6,5.0 × 10-6,2.5 × 10-6,and the MTT method was applied to detect the absorbance (A value) and study the cytotoxicity of GNRs@SiO2-FA and GNRs.The cells were divided into 2 groups randomly,and incubated with the same concentration of GNRs@SiO2-FA and GNRs@SiO2 solution respectively,at 2,4,8,16,24 h,and the targeting of GNRs@SiO2-FA cellular uptake were detected by ICPMS by observing the process of GNRs@SiO2-FA into the cells by transmission electron microscopy (TEM).The data represented by (-x) ± s ; single factor analysis of variance were compared between the 2 groups ; and the differences were significant when P ＜ 0.05.Results UV spectrum confirmed the successful preparation of GNRs@SiO2-FA.The A value of the same concentration group was variance analysised,and the differences between the 2 groups was statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.01) with the gold element concentration from high to low:F =191.876,265.419,77.987,52.061,18.745.The ICP-MS confirmed GNRs@SiO2-FA could specifically bind with HepG2 cells.GNRs@SiO2 group gold element content at 2,4,8,16,24 h was (256.7±3.3),(602.8±2.4),(1067.1±3.6),(1998.5±4.3),(2078.5±1.3) mg/kg and GNRs@SiO2-FA group was(693.1 ±2.0),(1432.0 ±2.6),(2331.3 ±3.5),(2484.5 ±5.0),(2589.7 ±2.1)mg/kg,and the 2 groups was statistically significant (F =3278.070,34287.199,85434.870,18333.454,42412.973,P ＜0.01).TEM results showed that a small amount of nano probes were in the cytoplasm after cultured with GNRs@SiO2-FA cells 1 h,and that,a lot of probe were in the cytoplasm,4-24 h later,but there was no probe in the nucleus.Conclusion The prepared Folate-conjugated gold nanorods has good performance on biocompatibility and targeting.

Objectives: The aim of the current study was to explore the alterations of intestinal mucosa morphology and barrier function, and to determine how rapidly impairment of gut barrier function occurs and how long it persists following traumatic brain injury. Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (6 rats each group) including controls without brain injury and traumatic brain injury groups at hours 3, 12, 24, 72 and days 7. The intestinal mucosa structure was detected by histopathological examination and electron microscopy. Gut barrier dysfunction was evaluated by detecting serum endotoxin and intestinal permeability. The level of serum endotoxin and intestinal permeability were measured by using chromogenic limulus amebocyte lysate and lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio, respectively. Results: After traumatic brain injury, the histopathological alterations of gut mucosa occurred rapidly as early as 3 hours and progressed to a serious state, including shedding of epithelial cells, fracture of villi, focal ulcer, fusion of adjacent villi, dilation of central chyle duct, mucosal atrophy, and vascular dilation, congestion and edema in the villous interstitium and lamina propria. Apoptosis of epithelial cells, fracture and sparseness of microvilli, loss of tight junction between enterocytes, and damage of mitochondria and endoplasm were found by electron microscope. The villous height, crypt depth and surface area in jejunum decreased progressively with the time of brain injury. The level of serum endotoxin and L/M ratio were significantly higher in traumatic brain injury groups than that in control (P

The incidence of skin disease is high, and outpatients have high demand for doctor-pa-tient communication. However, the education of doctor-patient communication for undergraduate student is very poor and almost absent for dermatology. For the stage of graduate study for dermatology, it is very im-portant to learn and grasp dermatology knowledge, to develop fundamental skill as a dermatologist, includ-ing the doctor-patient communication. In view of the problems such as short communication time, incomplete communication, and low specialization, we developed doctor-patient communication education norms for graduate students, to help graduate students majoring in dermatology to realize the importance of doctor-patient communication, pay attention to inquiry and communication about the disease associated with the system. We also strengthened the doctor-patient communication skills training in practice and achieved good results.

Objective To investigate the related high-risk factors of the occurrence of progressive hemorrhagic injury (PHI) after acute traumatic brain injury ,and to provide the basis for early clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods Retrospective analysis the clinical data of 398 cases of traumatic brain injury patients .According to whether PHI occurred ,the patients were divided into the progress group and non-progress group .Relevant factors with progressive hemorrhagic injury were assessed .Results The univari-ate analysis showed that ,the age ,gender ratio ,injury to first CT time ,GCS score when admitted in hospital ,mean arterial pressure , combined with skull fracture ,combined with epidural hematoma ,combined with cerebral contusion ,bilateral injury ,subarachnoid hemorrhage ,disturbance of consciousness ,mydriasis ,volume of intracranial hematoma more than 10 mL and volume of hematoma at the first CT scanning ,Platelets ,plasma fibrin concentration and D-dimer influenced the development of progressive hemorrhagic in-jury(P<0 .05) .Logistic regression showed that ,injury to first CT time ,GSC score less than 12 ,disturbance of consciousness ,my-driasis ,volume of hematoma more than 10 mL at the first CT scanning ,combined with cerebral contusion ,combined with subarach-noid hemorrhage ,platelet and D-dimer were the independent risk factors for PHI (P<0 .05) .Conclusion Patients with acute brain injury should be promptly head CT .Patients with GCS score less than 12 ,disturbance of consciousness ,mydriasis ,volume of in-tracranial hematoma more than 10 mL at the first CT scanning ,combined with cerebral contusion ,subarachnoid hemorrhage ,platelet and D-dimer were the independent risk factors of the progressive hemorrhagic injury after traumatic brain injury ,Should closely ob-serve the illness progress ,regularly review the head CT as soon as possible .

Objective To study the clinical results of early surgery for acute cervical spinal cord injury. Methods 24 cases of acute cervical spinal cord injury were treated with early surgery in our hospital from 1999 to 2002. The average interval from injury to surgery was 67 hours. The injured cervical segments were reduced, decompressed and fixed through anterior approach, posterior approach or anterior posterior approach. Results 22 cases got follow ups of 12 to 38 months (mean 18 months), but 2 cases were lost. 2 cases of the 11 patients of ASIA Grade A did not experience any restoration, but all the other patients got significant restoration and an average improvement of 1.8 ASIA grades. Conclusion Operation should be performed as soon as possible for acute cervical spinal cord injury, for good results can be achieved by early surgery.

10?) and delayed union of tibia in 4 sides. Conclusion Many factors can affect the prognosis of tibial Pilon fracture, but the key points for a successful operation are right procedure and timing of surgery.

AIM: To investigate the effects of intermittent hypoxic exposure and normoxic convalescence on the parameter of erythrocyte and serum hypoxia inducible factor1 alpha (HIF-1α) and erythropoietin (EPO)levels. METHODS: Rat models of intermittent hypoxic exposure were established, combined with the clinical research on volunteers experiencing the intermittent plateau work. Blood samples for red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) were collected, serum HIF-1α and EPO levels were measured using enzymelinked immunosorbentassy. RESULTS: RBC counts, Hb concentration and HCT were significantly higher than the normoxic group (P < 0.05), after exposure of rats to hypoxia from 7 to 28 days. Compared with the normoxic group, serum HIF-1α levels were higher in the group of IH3, 7, 14 days, and EPO had a corresponding increase in the group of IH3, 7 days. Then, a decrease was observed in parameter of erythrocyte and serum HIF-1α and EPO levels after 14 days normoxic convalescence treat. In volunteers studies, RBC counts in 8 monthes group and Hb concentration in 2 years group were significantly higher than the plain group (P < 0.05). The change of HCT was nearly the same as RBC, and HCT in 2 years group was higher than the plain group (P < 0.05). Compared with the plain group, EPO had no significant differences in any of plateau group. CONCLUSION: Intermittent hypoxic exposure can enhance serum hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and erythropoietin levels and the generation of red blood cells, which leads to an increase in hemoglobincon concentration and hematocrit. The results have changed with the hypoxic exposure period prolonged. Normoxic convalescence after intermittent hypoxic exposure can make the related indexes reduced, and contribute to the organism recovery.