Objective To evaluate application of fist clenching method with shaking hands in venipuncture to elderly angular patients. Methods 360 elderly angular patients were randomly divided into group A and group B with 180 cases in each group. Group A used fist clenching method with shaking hands, group B adopted traditional fist clenching method in venipuncture. Pain degree and one-time success rate of two groups were compared. Results One-time success rate of group A in venipuncture was obviously higher than group B, while pain degree of group A was less than group B. Conclusions Fist clenching method with shaking hands to elderly angular patients can raise success rate in venipuncture, and reduce pain degree of patients.

Objective To study the clinical significance of dynamic determination of serum CRP,IL-6 and fibrinogen(Fib) levels in unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients.Methods 162 UAP patients were selected as UAP group(including 52 cases of low risk group,53 cases in medium risk group and 57 cases in high risk group),58 healthy people were selected as control group.The CRP,IL-6 and Fib contents were observed in UAP patients after cardiac events.Results At discharge,CRP,IL-6,Fib in UAP low risk group were (3.47 ±0.55)mg/L,(10.38 ± 1.57) ng/L,(1.64 ± 0.65) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(6.50 ±0.87) mg/L,(14.35 ± 1.22) ng/L,(3.01 ± 0.28) g/L] (t =2.761,2.945,2.118,P =0.028,0.003,0.031).CRP,IL-6,Fib levels in the medium risk group were (6.87±0.75) mg/L,(14.35 ± 1.02) ng/L,(2.26 ± 0.33) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(9.21±1.03) mg/L,(19.24±1.58) ng/L,(4.15 ±0.47) g/L] (t =2.985,3.157,3.548,P =0.003,0.001,0.000).CRP,IL-6,Fib levels in the high risk group were (8.71 ±0.84) mg/L,(17.37 ± 1.26) ng/L,(4.67 ±0.85) g/L,which were significantly lower than the admission contents [(12.48 ± 1.24) mg/L,(25.13 ± 1.84) ng/L,(7.28 ± 0.64) g/L] (t =3.472,4.018,5.097,P =0.000,0.000,0.000).Six months after hospital discharge,in CRP,IL-6,Fib elevated groups,the incidence rates of cardiac event were 40.20％,40.35％ and 47.50％,which were significantly higher than those in normal group (5.0％,4.17％,14.29％,x2 =23.655,2.211,14.442,P=0.000,0.000,0.000).Conclusion CRP,IL-6 and Fib levels in UAP patients were significantly higher than those in healthy people,and with remission,contents would be lower,which was the index to reflect the severity of UAP,but its specificity is bad,need to use caution.

BACKGROUND:Huperzine A is a reversible choline enzyme(CHE) inhibitor initially developed in China,which has favorable therapeutic effectiveness in benign memory dysfunction,and could significantly promote the learning process and memory reappearance in rodent animals. OBJECTIVE:To comprehend the impacts of Huperzine A on the enhancement of learning, memory and behavior in platform and maze experiments in D Galoctose(Gal) induced senile mouse model. DESIGN:A randomized and controlled trial. SETTING:Institute of Pharmaceuticals of Xinxiang Medical College. MATERIALS:Study was performed in the Laboratory of Physiology and the Institute of Pharmaceuticals of Xinxiang Medical College from January to December in 2002.A total of 100 healthy Kunming mice were selected for platform and electric maze experiments with 50 mice in each experiment.Huperzine A tablet was obtained from Henan Zhulin Zhongsheng Pharmaceutical Company Limited(batch number:031001).D Gal is the product of Shanghai No.2 Reagent Factory. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The latency in the safe area on the platform and the times of electric shock occurred within 5 minutes were observed in mice in platform experiment;the times of the mice mistakenly escaping to the right electric attacking area were observed in mice in electric maze experiment. CONCLUSION:Huperzine A can effectively improve the learning and memory ability of D Gal induced senile mice, and there is dose effect relationship within certain range. Qiu PY,Chen ZY,Wang YX,Zhang JX,Wu ZZ.Effects of Huperzine A on the memory and behavior in D galactose induced senile mice.Zhongguo Linchuang Kangfu 2005;9(4):247- 9(China) [www.zglckf.com]

Objective To investigate the factors affecting the susceptibility of tigecycline and assess the testing methods.Methods The 116 isolates of Acinetobacter baumanaii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were collected in 13 hospitals from January to December,2010,to evaluate the effects on the tigecycline susceptibility of the overnight medium,medium brand and lot number,respectively.The 56 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and the 47 isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were selected randomly according to the MIC distribution proportion in 2010 and 2012.The broth microdilution was taken as the reference method to evaluate the effects of the agar dilution,disk diffusion,MIC Test Strip (MTS) and Vitek2 (GN16) on the susceptibility of tigecycline.Results The essential agreement (EA) of Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae is 89.7％ (52/58)and 87.9％ (51/58) using overnight medium and fresh medium respectively.Both EA and categorical agreement (CA) of the different brands (BBL and Oxoid) and lot numbers are 100％ using agar dilution.According to the FDA break point criteria,the CA/EA is 77.7％ (80/103)/99.0％ (102/103),87.4％ (90/103)/98.1％ (101/103),64.1％ (66/103)/76.7％ (79/103) using agar dilution,MTS,Vitek (GN16) with respect to broth microdilution.The CA is 79.6％ (82/ 103,S≥14 mm,R≤10 mm),69.9％ (72/103,S≥ 16 mm,R≤ 12 mm),34.0％ (35/103,S≥19 mm,R≤14 mm)using disk diffusion method compared with broth microdilution (FDA break point criteria).Conclusions The susceptibility of tigecycline must be tested using fresh medium.The medium brands and lot numbers used in this test have no effects on the tigecycline susceptibility to Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae.There exist the better correlations on MIC using agar dilution and MTS than the disk diffusion and Vitek(GN16) compared with broth microdilution.It is expected that the consistency can be improved by adjusting the break point of disk diffusion.

BACKGROUND: Eggembryosin is characterized by tonifying kidney and vital essence, invigorating qi and spleen, replenishing and activating blood, beautifying and nourishing face, and improving constitution of whole organism.OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of eggembryosin on aging index,quantity of hemocytes and quality of immune organs of animal models, and analyze its effect on cosmetology, anti-senility and immunoloregulation.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Pharmacology, Xinxiang Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Department of Pharmacology of Xinxiang Medical College between April 1998 and September 2002. A total of 80 Kunming mice of both sexes were selected in this study.METHODS: ① Effect of eggembryosin on activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum, content of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin and hydroxyproline respectively in serum, liver and tendon of tail of aging mice: Thirty mice were divided into 3 groups according to randomly lined table, including eggembryosin group, D-galactose model group and normal control group with 10 in each group. The former two groups were injected with D-galactose to copy aging models, and eggembryosin group were perfused with eggembryosin to measure activity of SOD in serum, content of MDA, lipofuscin (aging index) and hydroxyproline (elasric index of skin) respectively in serum, liver and tendon of tail. ② Effect of eggembryosin on mass of immune organs of mice with low immunological function: Thirty mice were selected and divided as the same way mentioned above. Mice in eggembryosin group were perfused with eggembryosin. In addition, those in eggembryosin group and cyclophosphamide (CAP) group were peritoneally injected with CAP to copy immunosuppression models and calculate index of thymus (spleen) (mg/g) = weight of thymus (spleen)/body. ③ Effect of eggembryosin on quantities of erythrocytes and hemoglobin of mice with blood deficiency: Twenty mice were divided into 2 groups according to randomly lined table, including eggembryosin group and normal control group with 10 in each group. Values of erythrocytes and hemoglobins of mice were measured before administration. Models in types of blood-deficiency blood-loss were copied with tail xsanguinations, and then, mice were perfused with eggembryosin and saline, respectively. Blood of mice were collected from their tails to measure values of erythrocytes and hemoglobin.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in serum, content of malondialdehyde (MDA), lipofuscin and hydroxyproline respectively in serum, liver and tendon of tail of aging mice, index of thymus, and spleen, contents of blood erythrocytes and hemoglobins.RESULTS: A total of 80 mice were involved in the final analysis without any loss. ① Activity of SOD in serum and contents of hydroxyproline in tendon of tail of mice in eggembryosin group were significantly higher than those of mice in D-galactose model group (P ＜ 0.01); content of MDA in serum and content of lipofuscin in liver of mice in eggembryosin group were significantly lower than those of mice in D-galactose model group (P＜ 0.01). ② Indexes of thymus and spleen of mice in eggembryosin group were higher than those of mice in CAP group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). ③ Increasing values of blood erythrocytes and hemoglobin of mice in eggembryosin group were significantly higher than those of mice in normal control group (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: Eggembryosin taken orally can improveanti-oxidation of organism and elasticity of skin, increase quality of immune organs damaged by CAP and immunological function, and nourish the blood.

Objective To analyze the genotype and molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.Method A total of 201 carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from 14hospitals in 11 cities.The MICs of 14 antimicrobial drugs were detected using agar dilution method.Phenotypes of carbapenemases were screened using modified Hodge test and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) test.Drug resistance genes were screened using PCR method.The strains carrying carbapenem resistance genes were confirmed by conjugation test.Homology analysis was carried out using pulsed-field gel electro-phoresis (PFGE) method and the epidemiological correlation is analyzed based on the Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) method in order to study the molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.Results Fifty-three strains among 201 carbapenem-insensitive Enterobacteriaceae were detected positive carbapenem-resistant genes,among which included 33 Klebsiella pneumoniae,9 Citrobacter freundii,6 Escherichia coli and 5 Enterobacter cloacae.Among the 53 strains,43 were from Beijing,6 strains from Hangzhou,3 strains from Nanjing and one from Fuzhou.Resistance genes-harboring plasmids were successfully transferred from 28 of 53 strains to Escherichia coli EC600.The PFGE spectmm showed that 33 Klebsiella pneumoniae were classified into three types,9 Citrobacterfreundii classified into four types,5 Enterobacter cloacae classified into four types,while 6 Escherichia coli were the same type.Based on the results of MLST test,29 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains producing KPC-2 type carbapenemase were all ST11,while among the four Klebsiella pneumonia carrying IMP-4 carbapenem resistant gene,three strains were ST876,one was ST147.Conclusions Carbapenem-resistant genes were detected only in hospitals from Beijing,Hangzhou,Nanjing and Fuzhou,and type KPC-2 was the most common,followed by IMP-4 and IMP-8.High homology of resistant strains could be related to horizontal transfer of carbapenemase genes,which should cause great concern.

Purpurin is a common component ofRubia cordifolia L. The study on its molecular target was useful for elucidating the therapeutic material basis and action mechanism ofR. cordifolia. HT-29 cells were used in the cell culture. The highly expressed G Protein-coupled Receptor-35 (GPR35) agonist was used as target. The label-free optical biosensor cellular assay was used to investigate the agonist activity ofpurpurin at an endogenous receptor. The results showed thatpurpurin can cause DMR response in HT-29 cells. And the DMR response curve type was consistent with zaprinast. Its EC50 was 6.142± 0.189μmol·L-1. In addition,purpurinhad desensitization effect on GPR35 agonist zaprinast in HT-29 cells. GPR35 agonist ML145 blocked the DMR ofpurpurin. It was concluded thatpurpurinwas the GPR35 agonist.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of decorin (DCN) on invasion of colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 in vitro.Methods Transwell assay was employed to detect the invasion of HCT116 cells;Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of CD133 and TIMP-2 mRNA of HCT116 cells;Western blot method was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, CD133 and TIMP-2 protein of HCT116 cells.Results 1) When the concentrations of DCN was 0, 1 and 3 mg/L, under the conditions of normal oxygen and hypoxia, the numbers of invasive cells were (241±46), (168±46), (51±17) fields in each well (P<0.01) and (207±61), (213±64), (156±54), (44±17) fields in each well (P<0.01).2) Under the normoxic conditions, the TIMP-2 mRNA and protein in HCT116 cells were increased by DCN (3 mg/L) (P<0.01), but that of CD133 were not affected.3) DCN (3 mg/L) significantly decreased the expression of HIF-1α/CD133/TIMP-2 protein in HCT116 cells under hypoxia (P<0.01), but had no significant effect on the expression of CD133 mRNA.ConclusionsUnder the conditions of hypoxia and normal oxygen, DCN may function through different mechanisms to inhibit the invasion of colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line HCT116 in vitro.

It has been known that the Alzheimer's disease(AD)is related closely with a synaptic failure,and the p21-activated kinase(PAK)is well documented to play an important role in the regulation of the synaptie functions.However,the relationship between thePAK and the pathology of AD is unclear.In the present study,we examined the expressions of the PAK3(one subtype ofPAK),phospho-rylated-PAK(pPAK) and β-amyloid42(Aβ42,β-amyloid with 42 peptides)in an APP/PS1 double transgenie mouse model of AD andthe morphologies of geurOtlS in the hippocampus at different ages.The Western Blot results showed that the expression of PAK remainedunchanged,while,the expression of pPAK decreased largely at the age of 32 weeks and further decreased significantly with aging in thehippocampus of the APP/PS1 transgenic mouse.A1342 levels in the hippocampus were detected to increase as early as the age of 22 weeks,and kept the increase to continue with aging.The morphological results showed no obvious neuron loss in the sections of Nissl staining,while serious distonion and disorder of the dendrites of the hippocampal neurons were observed on the sections of Gelgi staining in theAPP/PS1 transgenic mouse.The present results suggested that it seemed something wrong in the processes of phospholization of PAK,butnot in the expression of the PAK itself;the toxic Aβ42 might affect the PAK in its phospholization,which in turn directly influence thedendritic development in the hippocampal neurons and cause the dendrites distorting and disordering.

Objective To evaluate the effect of targeted monitoring and comprehensive intervention measures on reducing the occurrence of catheter-associated urinary tract infection(CAUTI)in patients in non-intensive care unit(Non-ICU).Methods In quarter 4 of 2015,patients with indwelling urinary catheter in clinical departments were conducted a baseline survey(before intervention),risk factors for CAUTI in patients were analyzed,targeted monitoring programmes and comprehensive intervention measures were initiated in 2016(after intervention),incidence of CAUTI before and after intervention was compared.Results After taking intervention measures,hand hygiene compliance rate increased from 78.51%in quarter 4 of 2015 to 92.99%in quarter 3 of 2016 and 90.73%in quarter 4 of 2016(x2=7.342,3.998,respectively,both P<0.05),the correct disposal rate of patients' urinary catheterization system increased from 72.83%in quarter 4 of 2015 to 95.44%in quarter 4 of 2016(x2=30.267,P<0.05).A total of 12 067 patients with indwelling urinary catheter were monitored,incidence of CAUTI dropped from 1.03%(24/23 313)in quarter 4 of 2015(before intervention)to 0.53%(14/26 595)in quarter 4 of 2016(after intervention),difference was statistically significant(x2=4.126,P=0.042).Conclusion Improving the quality of urinary catheterization system in patients with indwelling catheter through targeted monitoring can effectively reduce the incidence of CAUTI in patients in Non-ICU.