Primary breast lymphoma (PBL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma,with breast mass as the main symptom,with or without local lymphadenpathy,and it shows metastatic features and poor prognosis.Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma is the most common pathological pattern,other forms like follicular lymphoma is less common.There is no consensus on prognostic factor and first-line treatment plan at present.In this review,we describe the pathogenesis,staging,risk stratification,prognosis,and treatment advances of primary breast diffuse large B cell lymphoma (PB-DLBCL).

Sci-technology is a leading driver of the evolution of warfare forms.If a sci-technology group can promote the evolution of warfare forms, we have to see whether it can lead to changes in new era of economy, boost the transformation of new operational effectiveness, and spawn the emergence of new military philosophy.The rapid development of modern biotechnology has proved to be of high military value and will give impetus to new military reform and promote evolution of warfare forms.The study of the evolution of warfare forms should start with the social basis, material basis, and theoretical basis.This article expounds the mechanism of the evolution of warfare forms, and puts forward some rough notions of forms of biological warfare.It is a prediction and inference on the evolution of warfare forms in future wars.

With the development of modern biotechnology and improvement of the means of gene research, some the bi-ological amateurs have become capable of gene research so that biohackers have come to public attention and brought about a new series of safety problems.This article listed many instances related to biohackers security, analyzed the source of se-curity problems with biohackers, and suggested some counter-measures,hoping to provide to reference for insights into secu-rity issues posed by biohackers.

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) (nasal type) is a special type of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.This disease is highly aggressive with rapid progression and poor prognosis.It appears mostly in nasal cavity,most patients are in early stage,and the treatment outcome and prognosis are poor.There is no standard treatment scheme.Recently,L-asparaginase based chemotherapy shows good short-term effect and long-term survival in the treatment of localized extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma.This review will explore the advances of treatment for localized extranodal nature killer/T-cell lymphoma.

Objective:To investigate the effects of comprehensive intervention on the quality of life of middle school students. Methods:Eight classes were extracted with striated cluster sampling method from the first grade of two key junior middle schools in city and countryside; four classes (two classes of the urban and rural) were selected randomly as the experimental group and another four classes (two classes of the urban and rural) as the control group. The experimental group received mental-social intervention for three years. No intervention for the control group. The effect was evaluated with the subjective quality of life of children, and a questionnaire on mental health of middle school students. Results:The scores of life quality, cognitive component and emotion component of experimental group were higher than that of control:(172.6?12.8/145.4?17.4,98.7?10.8/85.0?13.3,73.9?4.3/60.4?7.7; t=20.83, 13.20, 25.29 respectively;the average P

Objective To investigate the relationship between chronic prostatitis and the coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS),and to study the diagnostic value and clinical significance of CNS in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS). Methods Overall,428 patients with chronic prostatitis were included in this study.Their mean age was 31 years (range,18 to 46 years).The mean cause was 6 months (range,3 to 32 months).The mean NIH-CPSI score was 23.2.Bacterial culture and antimicrobial agent sensitivity test were applied to samples from the 428 patients.The samples were taken with 4 tubes from the lower urinary tract segmented by Meares-Stamey method. Results Bacteria were found in 248 patients (57.94%) out of 428 ones.Gram-positive bacteria were found in 195 cases(78.63%).In the 195 cases,staphylococci were found in 160 cases(64.25%,160/248).CNS were found in 89 cases(35.89%,89/248),most of which were epidermidis staphylococci 81 cases(32.66%).The next were saprophytic staphylococci 3 cases and hemolytic staphylococci 2 cases.There was no correlation between NIH-CPSI score and bacterial culture results.The sensitivity test results showed the rate of drug resistance of CNS from EPS was high for ?-lactamases,quinolones and aminoglycosides(51.9% to 100%). Conclusions The results suggest that CNS is a main kind of pathogen of chronic prostatitis,so considerable attention should be paid to it.In addition,it is of significant importance to apply bacterial culture and sensitivity test in EPS to the diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic criteria, clinical management and prognostic factors of primary central nervous system (CNS) histiocytic sarcoma (HS). Methods An adult patients with primary CNS HS was reported, and literature on the rare entity were reviewed. Results The patient had no previous history of disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (including magnetic resonance spectroscopy) suggested a mass in the frontal lobe with obvious vasogenic edema, which was considered glioma. Surgery was the initial treatment and the tumor was totally removed. The histological findings revealed the HS. The patient received concomitant chemoradiotherapy postoperatively and currently lived without recurrence. Conclusions Primary CNS HS is extremely rare hematopoietic malignant tumor. The pathological feature and comprehensive immunophenotype panel are the useful ways to establish the diagnosis till now. Primary CNS HS should be treated intensively with surgery, chemotherapy, and/or radiation therapy. However, prognosis is disappointed in most of patients. Concomitant chemoradiotherapy might be an alternative treatment.

OBJECTIVE:To probe into the status quo and the future tendency of the hematological system drugs used in Guangdong area.METHODS:The hematological system drugs used in over60hospitals of Guangdong area between2000and2004were analyzed statistically with respect to drug variety and amount of money.RESULTS:The amount of money of hematological system drugs increased year by year;that of the joint venture manufactured drugs and the domestic drugs in?creased year by year;filgrastim dominated the first in terms of amount of money.CONCLUSION:The domestic enterprises should strengthen the research and development of drugs and further increase their market share so as to satisfy the needs of more patients.

ROS-mediated oxidative stress involved in a variety of cellular signal transduction, FOXO3a transcription factor is an intersection in regulating a variety of cellular oxidative stress. FoxO3a has been extensively studied in regulating oxidative stress because of its rather complex and pivotal regulation of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, ROS scavenging and apoptosis. This review will elucidate the FOXO3a’s regulatory mechanisms and describe the target genes involved. It will also provide the clinical significance and strategies to target FOXO3a to regulate oxidative stress.

BACKGROUND: Recently,liver transplantation technique has been developed rapidly,and prevention of ischemia/reperfusion injury and protection of liver regeneration have become a research focus.Ischemic preconditioning(IPC)is an effective method for protecting liver ischemic injury.However,the mechanism remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of IPC on hepatic injury and regeneration after reduced-size rat liver transplantation.METHODS: Animals were randomly divided into 3 groups.Rat reduced-size liver transplantation model was established in liver transplantation group.IPC+liver transplantation group underwent first porta hepatis blocking for 10 minutes before liver graft reperfusion,followed by reperfusion for 15 minutes.The ligament around the liver was dissociated in the sham-surgery group.The samples were collected 0.5,2,6 and 24 hours post-operation.The hepatic injury was examined by the serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and hepatic tissue histopathology analysis of grafts.Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry and westernblotting were used to examine the redox factor-1(Ref-1)protein expression.The hepatic regeneration of the grafts was examined by the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)in hepatic cells.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with liver transplantation group,the ALT values at 6 and 24 hours after operation in IPC group decreased significantly(P < 0.05; P < 0.01).Pathological analysis indicated that there were lots of inflammation cells around the portal veins,the serious sinus hepaticus dilation and damage of hepatic tissue in liver transplantation group.However,the tissue injury observed in IPC group was comparatively slight.Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry revealed that Ref-1 protein was more abundant in IPC grafts tissue compared to liver transplantation group.These observations were supported by westernblotting studies where Ref-1 protein was shown to be over-expressed in IPC specimens at 24 hours after reduced-size liver transplantation(P < 0.05).In addition,the number of PCNA-positive cells in IPC group was more than liver transplantation group at 2,6 and 24 hours after operation(P < 0.05).IPC improves hepatic regeneration and relieves grafts injury in earlier period after reduced-size rat liver transplantation,which is associated with the over-expression of Ref-1protein.