1.Expression of caspase-3 in rat kidney with renal tubular damage induced by lipopolysaccharide and hypoxia.
Fang YANG ; Guo-sheng LIU ; Xiao-ye LU ; Jiu-ling KANG
Journal of Southern Medical University 2009;29(10):2091-2093
OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of caspase-3 in the kidney of a rat model of renal tubular damage induced by endotoxin and hypoxia and explore the mechanism of renal tubular damage.
METHODSTen rats were anesthetized with artificial ventilation and received 2 mg/kg lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection through the penile vein. The FiO2 was reduced 90 min later from 21% to 5%, and the ventilation was withdrawn after another 90 min. Immediately after ventilation withdrawal, the kidney of the rats were obtained for immunocytochemistry and HE staining.
RESULTSHE staining showed obvious hyperemia in most of the glomeruli, mild swelling of the endothelial and mesangial cells, severe swelling and turbidity in the proximal tubular epithelial cells without obvious changes in most of the distal proximal tubules. A small portion of the interstitial epithelial cells showed swelling and turbidity, and the entire renal interstitium appeared hyperemic but without inflammatory cell infiltration. Immunocytochemistry detected the presence of caspase-3 in the cytoplasm, and most of the distal renal tubule cells were positive for caspase-3, while only occasional cells showed caspase-3 positivity in the proximal tubular epithelial cells. Most of the proximal tubular epithelial and glomerulus cells were negative for caspase-3.
CONCLUSIONSEndotoxin and hypoxia can induce renal damage, particularly in the proximal renal tubule cells, and the distal tubular epithelial cells sustain relatively light damage. Caspase-3 is strongly expressed in the distal renal tubular cells, suggesting that in renal tubular damage induced by endotoxin and hypoxia, cell degeneration, necrosis and apoptosis coexist in the tubular epithelial cells; degeneration and necrosis occur primarily in the proximal tubular epithelial cells, while apoptosis is obvious in the distal renal cells.
Animals ; Caspase 3 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hypoxia ; chemically induced ; Kidney ; metabolism ; Kidney Tubules ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley
2.Selection and validation of internal reference genes for qPCR in Polygonatum cyrtonema tubers at different development stages and in response to abiotic stress.
Yang YANG ; Bi-Huan YE ; Qi-Yan SONG ; You-Wu CHEN ; Chuan-Jiu HU ; Guo-Jian DU ; Rong-Jun LIAO ; Hai-Bo LI
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2020;45(24):5967-5975
In order to analyze the expression of genes involved in steroidal saponin biosynthesis pathway in Polygonatum cyrtonema tubers, it is very important to select internal reference genes that are stably expressed at different development stages and in response to abiotic stress. According to the previously established P. cyrtonema transcriptome database and reported internal reference genes in plant, this study systematically analyzed eight candidate internal reference genes including histone H2 A, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, ACTIN, β-tubulin, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme-E2-10, elongation factor 1-alpha isoform, 18 S rRNA and α-tubulin 4 for expression stability in P. cyrtonema tubers at different development stages and in response to methyl jasmonate(MeJA) stress by using Real time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR). Based on the statistical analysis of qPCR results by using GeNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper softwares, the expression of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme-E2-10 and elongation factor 1-alpha isoform are the most stable in P. cyrtonema tubes at different development stages and in response to MeJA stress. The two internal reference genes were further validated by analyzing the expression of 4 genes involved in steroidal saponin biosynthesis pathways. In conclusion, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme-E2-10 and elongation factor 1-alpha isoform can be used as the most appropriate internal reference genes for qPCR analysis in P. cyrtonema. This study also provide a foundation for future investigate the molecular mechanism of steroidal saponin biosynthesis pathways in P. cyrtonema.
Gene Expression Profiling
;
Polygonatum
;
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Stress, Physiological
;
Transcriptome
3.Isolation and identification of pathogen of Dendrobium officinale gray mold and its prevention and control.
Jing-Mao YOU ; Jie GUO ; Zhe LI ; Qin YANG ; Yuan-Yuan DUAN ; Xiao-Liang GUO ; Da-Ye HUANG ; Zhuang-Ling ZOU ; Han-Jiu GUO
China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica 2019;44(18):3954-3959
Through investigation,it was found that the main disease of leaves was grey mold on Dendrobium officinale in Hubei province,which has a great impact on the yield and quality of D. officinale. The identification of morphological and molecular biological was used to prove that the pathogen was Botrytis cinerea. Through test the effect of 5 plant source fungicides and 4 antibiotic fungicides on mycelial growth of strain HS1,which proved 0. 3% eugenol had the best inhibitory effect,EC50 was 0. 29 mg·L-1,the second was1% osthol and EC50 was 1. 12 mg·L-1,the EC50 of 0. 5% matrine was 9. 16 mg·L-1,the EC50 of the other six fungicides was higher than 10 mg·L-1. The field control effect test proved that 0. 3% eugenol had the best control effect,reaching 89. 44%,secondly for 1%osthole,which was 77. 17%,0. 5% matrine was in the third place with 62. 37% of effective rate. However,the control effect of the other fungicides was less than 60%. The three plant-derived fungicides were safe for the produce of D. officinale and showed no phytotoxicity. The effect of these fungicides on the growth of D. candidum was tested,and proved that all the fungicides were safe and harmless to D. candidum. This study provides a research basis for the safe and effective prevention and control gray mold of D. officinale.
Alkaloids
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Botrytis/pathogenicity*
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Coumarins
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Dendrobium/microbiology*
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Eugenol
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Fungicides, Industrial
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Plant Diseases/prevention & control*
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Plant Leaves/microbiology*
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Quinolizines
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Matrines
4.Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Entecavir for HBeAg Positive Chronic Hepatitis B: Study Protocol for a Multi-Center, Double-Blind Randomized-Controlled Trial.
Yong-An YE ; Xiao-Ke LI ; Da-Qiao ZHOU ; Xiao-Ling CHI ; Qin LI ; Li WANG ; Bing-Jiu LU ; De-Wen MAO ; Qi-Kai WU ; Xian-Bo WANG ; Ming-Xiang ZHANG ; Jing-Dong XUE ; Yong LI ; Wei LU ; Jian-Chun GUO ; Feng JIANG ; Xin-Wei ZHANG ; Hong-Bo DU ; Xian-Zhao YANG ; Hui GUO ; Da-Nan GAN ; Zhi-Guo LI
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2018;24(9):653-660
BACKGROUNDThe domestic prevalence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in China is 7.18% in 2006, imposing great societal healthcare burdens. Nucleot(s)ide analogues (NUCs) anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) therapies are widely applied despite the relatively low rate of seroconversion and high risk of drug-resistant mutation. More effective treatments for CHB deserve further explorations. Combined therapy of NUCs plus Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) is widely accepted in China, which is recognized as a prospective alternative approach. The study was primarily designed to confirm the hypothesis that Tiaogan-Yipi Granule (, TGYP) or Tiaogan-Jianpi-Jiedu Granule (, TGJPJD) plus entecavir tablet (ETV) was superior over ETV monotherapy in enhancing HBeAg loss rate.
METHODSThe study was a nationwide, large-scale, multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a designed duration of 108 weeks. A total of 16 hospitals and 596 eligible Chinese HBeAg positive CHB patients were enrolled from November 2012 to September 2013 and randomly allocated into 2 groups in 1:1 ratio via central randomization system: experimental group (EG) and control group (CG). Subjects in EG received CM formulae (TGYP or TGJPJD, 50 g per dose, twice daily) plus ETV tablet (or ETV placebo) 0.5 mg per day in the first 24 weeks (stage 1), and CHM granule plus ETV tablet (0.5 mg per day) from week 25 to 108 (stage 2). Subjects in CG received CHM Granule placebo plus ETV tablet (0.5 mg per day) for 108 weeks throughout the trial. The assessments of primary outcomes (HBV serum markers and HBV-DNA) were conducted by a third-party College of American Pathologists (CAP) qualified laboratory. Adverse effects were observed in the hospitals of recruitment.
DISCUSSIONThe study was designed to compare the curative effect of CM plus ETV and ETV monotherapy in respect of HBeAg loss, which is recognized by the European Association for the Study of the Liver as "a valuable endpoint". We believe this trial could provide a reliable status for patients' "journey" towards durable responses after treatment discontinuation. The trial was registered before recruitment on Chinese Clinical trial registry (No. ChiCTR-TRC-12002784, Version 1.0, 2015/12/23).
5.Adefovir Dipivoxil plus Chinese Medicine in HBeAg-Positive Chronic Hepatitis B Patients: A Randomized Controlled 48-Week Trial.
Xiao-Ke LI ; Ming-Xiang ZHANG ; Feng-Zhen SHAO ; Da-Qiao ZHOU ; Jing-Dong XUE ; Tie-Jun LIU ; Xiao-Ling CHI ; Bing-Jiu LU ; Xian-Bo WANG ; Qin LI ; Jun LI ; De-Wen MAO ; Hua-Sheng YANG ; Hong-Zhi YANG ; Wen-Xia ZHAO ; Yong LI ; Guo-Liang ZHANG ; Yi-Ming ZHAO ; Jian-Dong ZOU ; Meng-Yang LIU ; Ke-Ke ZHANG ; Xian-Zhao YANG ; Da-Nan GAN ; Ying LI ; Peng ZHANG ; Zhi-Guo LI ; Shuo LI ; Yong-An YE
Chinese journal of integrative medicine 2020;26(5):330-338
OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the effects of a 48-week course of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) plus Chinese medicine (CM) therapy, namely Tiaogan Jianpi Hexue () and Tiaogan Jiedu Huashi () fomulae, in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive Chinese patients.
METHODS:
A total of 605 HBeAg-positive Chinese CHB patients were screened and 590 eligible participants were randomly assigned to 2 groups in 1:1 ratio including experimental group (EG, received ADV plus CM) and control group (CG, received ADV plus CM-placebo) for 48 weeks. The major study outcomes were the rates of HBeAg and HBV-DNA loss on week 12, 24, 36, 48, respectively. Secondary endpoints including liver functions (enzymes and bilirubin readings) were evaluated every 4 weeks at the beginning of week 24, 36, and 48. Routine blood, urine, and stool analyses in addition to electrocardiogram and abdominal B scan were monitored as safety evaluations. Adverse events (AEs) were documented.
RESULTS:
The combination therapy demonstrated superior HBeAg loss at 48 weeks, without additional AEs. The full analysis population was 560 and 280 in each group. In the EG, population achieved HBeAg loss on week 12, 24, 36, and 48 were 25 (8.90%), 34 (12.14%), 52 (18.57%), and 83 (29.64%), respectively; the equivalent numbers in the CG were 20 (7.14%), 41 (14.64%), 54 (19.29%), and 50 (17.86%), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between these group values on week 48 (P<0.01). No additional AEs were found in EG. Subgroup analysis suggested different outcomes among treatment patterns.
CONCLUSION
Combination of CM and ADV therapy demonstrated superior HBeAg clearance compared with ADV monotherapy. The finding indicates that this combination therapy may provide an improved therapeutic effect and safety profile (ChiCTR-TRC-11001263).
Adenine
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analogs & derivatives
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therapeutic use
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Adult
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Antiviral Agents
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therapeutic use
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Double-Blind Method
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Drug Therapy, Combination
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
;
therapeutic use
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Female
;
Hepatitis B e Antigens
;
immunology
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Hepatitis B, Chronic
;
drug therapy
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immunology
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Humans
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Male
;
Medicine, Chinese Traditional
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Organophosphonates
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therapeutic use
;
Young Adult
6.Delivery room resuscitation and short-term outcomes of extremely preterm and extremely low birth weight infants: a multicenter survey in North China.
Shuai-Jun LI ; Qi FENG ; Xiu-Ying TIAN ; Ying ZHOU ; Yong JI ; Yue-Mei LI ; Shu-Fen ZHAI ; Wei GUO ; Fang ZHANG ; Rong-Xiu ZHENG ; Hai-Ying HE ; Xia LIU ; Jun-Yi WANG ; Hua MEI ; Hong-Yun WANG ; Hua XIE ; Chao-Mei ZENG ; Li MA ; Ping-Ping ZHANG ; Jin-Yu LI ; Xiao-Ying WANG ; Li-Hua LI ; Hong CUI ; Shu-Lan YANG ; Lu CHEN ; Xiao-Hong GU ; Yan-Ju HU ; Sheng-Shun QUE ; Li-Xia SUN ; Ming YANG ; Wen-Li ZHAO ; Qiu-Yan MA ; Hai-Juan WANG ; Jiu-Ye GUO
Chinese Medical Journal 2021;134(13):1561-1568
BACKGROUND:
Delivery room resuscitation assists preterm infants, especially extremely preterm infants (EPI) and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI), in breathing support, while it potentially exerts a negative impact on the lungs and outcomes of preterm infants. This study aimed to assess delivery room resuscitation and discharge outcomes of EPI and ELBWI in China.
METHODS:
The clinical data of EPI (gestational age [GA] <28 weeks) and ELBWI (birth weight [BW] <1000 g), admitted within 72 h of birth in 33 neonatal intensive care units from five provinces and cities in North China between 2017 and 2018, were analyzed. The primary outcomes were delivery room resuscitation and risk factors for delivery room intubation (DRI). The secondary outcomes were survival rates, incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and risk factors for BPD.
RESULTS:
A cohort of 952 preterm infants were enrolled. The incidence of DRI, chest compressions, and administration of epinephrine was 55.9% (532/952), 12.5% (119/952), and 7.0% (67/952), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for DRI were GA <28 weeks (odds ratio [OR], 3.147; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.082-4.755), BW <1000 g (OR, 2.240; 95% CI, 1.606-3.125), and antepartum infection (OR, 1.429; 95% CI, 1.044-1.956). The survival rate was 65.9% (627/952) and was dependent on GA. The rate of BPD was 29.3% (181/627). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for BPD were male (OR, 1.603; 95% CI, 1.061-2.424), DRI (OR, 2.094; 95% CI, 1.328-3.303), respiratory distress syndrome exposed to ≥2 doses of pulmonary surfactants (PS; OR, 2.700; 95% CI, 1.679-4.343), and mechanical ventilation ≥7 days (OR, 4.358; 95% CI, 2.777-6.837). However, a larger BW (OR, 0.998; 95% CI, 0.996-0.999), antenatal steroid (OR, 0.577; 95% CI, 0.379-0.880), and PS use in the delivery room (OR, 0.273; 95% CI, 0.160-0.467) were preventive factors for BPD (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Improving delivery room resuscitation and management of respiratory complications are imperative during early management of the health of EPI and ELBWI.
Birth Weight
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Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
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China/epidemiology*
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Delivery Rooms
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Female
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Gestational Age
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Humans
;
Infant
;
Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight
;
Infant, Extremely Premature
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Infant, Newborn
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Male
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Pregnancy
7. Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study
Li Li REN ; Ye Ming WANG ; Zhi Qiang WU ; Zi Chun XIANG ; Li GUO ; Teng XU ; Yong Zhong JIANG ; Yan XIONG ; Yong Jun LI ; Hui LI ; Guo Hui FAN ; Xiao Ying GU ; Yan XIAO ; Hong GAO ; Jiu Yang XU ; Fan YANG ; Xin Ming WANG ; Chao WU ; Lan CHEN ; Yi Wei LIU ; Bo LIU ; Jian YANG ; Jie DONG ; Li LI ; Chao Lin HUANG ; Jian Ping ZHAO ; Yi HU ; Zhen Shun CHENG ; Lin Lin LIU ; Zhao Hui QIAN ; Chuan QIN ; Qi JIN ; Bin CAO ; Jian Wei WANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2020;133(0):E001-E001
Background: Human infections with zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, have raised great public health concern globally. Here, we report a novel bat-origin CoV causing severe and fatal pneumonia in humans. Methods: We collected clinical data and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from five patients with severe pneumonia from Jin Yin-tan Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Nucleic acids of the BAL were extracted and subjected to next-generation sequencing. Virus isolation was carried out, and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed. Results: Five patients hospitalized from December 18 to December 29, 2019 presented with fever, cough, and dyspnea accompanied by complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest radiography revealed diffuse opacities and consolidation. One of these patients died. Sequence results revealed the presence of a previously unknown β-CoV strain in all five patients, with 99.8–99.9% nucleotide identities among the isolates. These isolates showed 79.0% nucleotide identity with the sequence of SARS-CoV (GenBank NC_004718) and 51.8% identity with the sequence of MERS-CoV (GenBank NC_019843). The virus is phylogenetically closest to a bat SARS-like CoV (SL-ZC45, GenBank MG772933) with 87.6–87.7% nucleotide identity, but is in a separate clade. Moreover, these viruses have a single intact open reading frame gene 8, as a further indicator of bat-origin CoVs. However, the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same receptor. Conclusion: A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans.
8.Identification of a novel coronavirus causing severe pneumonia in human: a descriptive study.
Li-Li REN ; Ye-Ming WANG ; Zhi-Qiang WU ; Zi-Chun XIANG ; Li GUO ; Teng XU ; Yong-Zhong JIANG ; Yan XIONG ; Yong-Jun LI ; Xing-Wang LI ; Hui LI ; Guo-Hui FAN ; Xiao-Ying GU ; Yan XIAO ; Hong GAO ; Jiu-Yang XU ; Fan YANG ; Xin-Ming WANG ; Chao WU ; Lan CHEN ; Yi-Wei LIU ; Bo LIU ; Jian YANG ; Xiao-Rui WANG ; Jie DONG ; Li LI ; Chao-Lin HUANG ; Jian-Ping ZHAO ; Yi HU ; Zhen-Shun CHENG ; Lin-Lin LIU ; Zhao-Hui QIAN ; Chuan QIN ; Qi JIN ; Bin CAO ; Jian-Wei WANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2020;133(9):1015-1024
BACKGROUND:
Human infections with zoonotic coronaviruses (CoVs), including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-CoV, have raised great public health concern globally. Here, we report a novel bat-origin CoV causing severe and fatal pneumonia in humans.
METHODS:
We collected clinical data and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) specimens from five patients with severe pneumonia from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Hubei province, China. Nucleic acids of the BAL were extracted and subjected to next-generation sequencing. Virus isolation was carried out, and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic trees were constructed.
RESULTS:
Five patients hospitalized from December 18 to December 29, 2019 presented with fever, cough, and dyspnea accompanied by complications of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Chest radiography revealed diffuse opacities and consolidation. One of these patients died. Sequence results revealed the presence of a previously unknown β-CoV strain in all five patients, with 99.8% to 99.9% nucleotide identities among the isolates. These isolates showed 79.0% nucleotide identity with the sequence of SARS-CoV (GenBank NC_004718) and 51.8% identity with the sequence of MERS-CoV (GenBank NC_019843). The virus is phylogenetically closest to a bat SARS-like CoV (SL-ZC45, GenBank MG772933) with 87.6% to 87.7% nucleotide identity, but is in a separate clade. Moreover, these viruses have a single intact open reading frame gene 8, as a further indicator of bat-origin CoVs. However, the amino acid sequence of the tentative receptor-binding domain resembles that of SARS-CoV, indicating that these viruses might use the same receptor.
CONCLUSION
A novel bat-borne CoV was identified that is associated with severe and fatal respiratory disease in humans.
Adult
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Aged
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Betacoronavirus
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genetics
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isolation & purification
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Coronavirus Infections
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diagnostic imaging
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therapy
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virology
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Female
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Humans
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Male
;
Middle Aged
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Pandemics
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Pneumonia, Viral
;
diagnostic imaging
;
therapy
;
virology
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Tomography, X-Ray
;
Treatment Outcome