Antibodies ; analysis ; Biopsy ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Disease Progression ; Drug Resistance ; Female ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin A ; analysis ; Kidney Glomerulus ; immunology ; pathology ; Male ; Nephrosis ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Prognosis ; Steroids ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

This paper reported a new type of amylase (neoamylase) secreted by a Bacillus strain ZX99. The enzyme was a kind of ectoenzyme that could catalyze starch into isomalto-oligosaccharide effectively, but could not act on pullulan as substrate. The strain Bacillus ZX99 was mutated by ultraviolet ray and a mutant strain BS3.232 was screened. The activity of the neoamylase produced from BS3.232 increased by 60% over that from ZX99 under the same conditions. The results of thin-layer chromatography of products from starch and pullulan catalyzed by the enzyme demonstrated that the enzyme was different from neopullulanase and can be used to produce isomaltooligosaccharide from starch, including isomaltose, panose, isomaltotriose, isomaltotetose.

OBJECTIVETo explore Chinese medical syndrome distribution features of Japanese encephalitis (JE), and to analyze its correlation between syndromes and features of etiologies and pathogeneses.

METHODSRecruited were 277 patients with confirmative diagnosis of JE from Wuhan Medical Treatment Center, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University, Fifth People's Hospital of Guiyang City, Hangzhou Sixth People's Hospital, and Chengdu Hospital of Infectious Diseases between July to September 2012. Chinese medical syndrome distribution features were summarized from their general materials and detailed records of clinical data, including medical history, symptoms and signs, tongue fur, and pulse figures.The frequency of symptoms and signs was calculated according to mild, ordinary, severe, extreme severe degrees. The distribution of Chinese medical syndromes was summarized. And its correlation between syndromes and features of etiologies and pathogeneses were analyzed.

RESULTSAfter clustering analysis, Chinese medical syndromes of JE could be categorized as four groups: toxicity accumulation in Fei and Wei syndrome (TAFWS), brain collateral impaired by poison syndrome (BCIPS), depression of toxicity in the pericardium syndrome (DTPS), exhaustion of yin and yang syndrome (EYYS). BCIPS and DTPS were dominated, accounting for 74.0% (205 cases). The main causes covered evil of summer heat [accounting for 92.42% (256/277 cases)], heat [accounting for 87.73% (243/277 cases)], and toxin [accounting for 99.64% (276/277 cases)].

CONCLUSIONSThe four Chinese medical syndrome types of JE met Chinese medical clinical features of encephalitis. It is induced by infestation of dampness-heat, resulting in toxicity accumulation in Fei and Wei, brain collateral impaired by poison, depression of toxicity in the pericardium. Yin fluid and blood is exhausted as time goes by. Qi and yin are impaired to form intermingled deficiency and excess, and finally causing exhaustion of yin and yang.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalitis, Japanese ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Yang Deficiency ; diagnosis ; Yin Deficiency ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of continuous blood purification (CBP) for treatment of multiple organ failure (MOF) with acute renal failure (ARF).

METHODSForty-seven patients with MOF underwent CBP for an average of 3.1-/+0.5 days averagely. Continuous veno-venous hemofiltration was performed at daytime, and the substitute fluids were infused with pre-dilution at the rate of 2000-4000 ml/h. The general conditions, clinical symptoms, and serum biochemical indexes of the patients were observed and MODS score was calculated.

RESULTSAfter CBP, the MODS score of the patients decreased significantly from 9.1-/+3.5 to 5.4-/+2.7 (P<0.01) and serum creatinine decreased from 451.3-/+134.5 to 223.7-/+100.2 micromol/L (P<0.05). Twenty-nine patients survived with the survival rate of 61.7%.

CONCLUSIONCBP is effective for treatment of MOF and may help reduce the mortality rate of MOF complicated by ARF.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Hemofiltration ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; etiology ; therapy ; Pancreatitis ; complications ; Renal Insufficiency ; etiology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of two specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors (SCI), rofecoxib and celecoxib, combined with chemotherapeutic drugs 5-Fu, DDP and VP-16 on gastric cancer cell line BGC-823, and to evaluate whether specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors can be used as a synergetic agent in chemotherapy.

METHODSThe gastric cancer cell line BGC-823 cells were incubated for 48 hours with rofecoxib and celecoxib, 5-Fu, DDP and VP-16 (concentration gradient of 5-Fu, DDP and VP-16:1 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml and 100 microg/ml), or in combination, respectively. MTT working solution was added to each culture and calculated the survival rates of gastric cancer cells. Median-effect principle and Professor Jin's evaluation methods were applied to detect the interaction between the specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors and chemotherapeutic agents.

RESULTSThe inhibition rates of gastric cancer cells were 42.63% +/- 1.26% and 50.67% +/- 2.35% by treatment with 0.1 micromol/L rofecoxib and 50 micromol/L celecoxib, respectively. The inhibition rates of gastric cancer cells by treatment with 5-Fu, DDP and VP-16 at different concentrations (1 microg/ml, 10 microg/ml and 100 microg/ml) were 39.75% +/- 3.14%, 49.96% +/- 2.08%, 87.93% +/- 3.66%; 48.28% +/- 2.08%, 59.46% +/- 1.69%, 88.23% +/- 4.81%; and 29.23% +/- 3.27%, 49.34% +/- 3.75%, 79.24% +/- 2.44%, respectively. However, the inhibition rates showed a synergetic role while combined the two SCI (0.1 micromol/L rofecoxib and 50 micromol/L celecoxib) with chemotherapeutic agent at different concentrations (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth rofecoxib and celecoxib have an ability to suppress gastric cancer cells in vitro, and the synergetic role becomes evident when rofecoxib and celecoxib are combined with chemotherapeutic agents at different concentrations, which indicate that the two specific cyclooxygenase inhibitors may be used as a chemotherapeutic sensitizer.

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Celecoxib ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Synergism ; Etoposide ; pharmacology ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Lactones ; pharmacology ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; Sulfones ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVE12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13 acetate (TPA) plays an important role in precipitating cell differentiation for various tumor cells, especially leukemic cells. Changes of many genes may be involved in this process. The purpose of this study was to observe the relationship between the EGR1mRNA expression and cell differentiation during TPA-induced K562 cell differentiation.

METHODSIncubation of human K562 cells in vitro was applied to cultivate K562 cells. The cells were treated in two different ways. K562 cells of experiment group were treated with TPA and those of control group were treated without TPA. Using morphology (Wright's staining and NSE staining) and flow cytometry (FCM), the investigators observed the differentiation characteristics of K562 cells, cell-cycle and the differentiation antigen expressions of CD33 and CD14 on cell membranes. RT-PCR was carried out to assay EGR1 mRNA expression.

RESULTSAfter treated with TPA for 7 d, the morphology of K562 cells obviously tended to mature differentiation, like monocytes. The differentiation rate of induced K562 cells was up to 95% in experiment group and 4.5% in control group, respectively. Using SPSS software, the above result showed statistical significance (P < 0.01). Using NSE staining, K562 cells showed positive reaction. Some of them were densely stained. The positive rate was up to 86%. More than half of the positive cells could be inhibited by NaF. The inhibiting rate of NaF was up to 58.72%, showing statistical difference when compared with that of control group. FCM analysis showed that most of K562 cells stimulated by TPA underwent G1/S phase cell-cycle arrest. The composing rate of cell-cycle in TPA-treated group showed that (53.7 +/- 1.25)% of cells were at G0 + G1 phase and (44.3 +/- 1.32)% were at S phase (P < 0.05). The level of CD33 expression on cell membranes was mildly decreased from 0.997% to 0.893% (P > 0.05). However, the level of CD14 expression was significantly increased from 0.049% to 0.387% (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONK562 cells could express EGR1mRNA during TPA-induced differentiation, which suggested that EGR1mRNA might participate in the process of K562 cells differentiating into monocyte/macrophages, and might play an important role in precipitating and maintaining cell differentiation for leukemic cells.

Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Carcinogens ; pharmacology ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; genetics ; Cell Membrane ; chemistry ; drug effects ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Early Growth Response Protein 1 ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; genetics ; K562 Cells ; Lipopolysaccharide Receptors ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3 ; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate ; pharmacology ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

Objective To investigate the role of interleukin-18 (IL-18) gene promoter polymorphisms in the susceptibility of sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD). Methods A total of 109 patients with SAD and 109 healthy controls matched for age and gender were enrolled in our study with case-control method. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primer was used to detect the single nucleotide polymorphisms (C/A) of gene promoter of IL-18 at position -607. Results Significant differences in the C/A genotype and allele distributions of IL-18 promoter at position -607 were noted between patients with SAD and controls (P=0.041 and P=0.021, respectively). The CC genotype frequency of gene promoter of IL-18 at position -607 in patients with SAD was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (x2=4.109, P=0.043); and the people with this genotype had a 1.90-fold increased risk as compared with the people with other genotypes (OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.017-3.550).Conclusion The C/A polymorphisms of IL-18 gene promoter at position -607 are correlated with SAD in Han Chinese population. People with -607CC in IL-18 gene promoter have an increased risk of SAD.

Chemical constituents in ethyl acetate and butanol fractions of ethanol extracts from Acorus tatarinowii were separated by column chromatography. Bufo skeletal muscle fatigue model was established to study the anti-fatigue activity of separated compounds. Five compounds were separated and identified by spectroscopic analysis as acoramone(1),cycloartenone(2),2,4,5-trimethoxyl-2'-butoxy-1,2-phenyl propandiol(3),5-hydroxymethyl furfural(4), and 5-butoxymethyl furfural(5). Compound 3 was a new compound, and compounds 2 and 5 were separated from this plant for the first time. Compound 4 exhibited a notable anti-fatigue activity.
Acorus ; chemistry ; Animals ; Bufonidae ; Fatigue ; drug therapy ; Muscle, Skeletal ; drug effects ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between pathological abnormalities of placenta and small-for-gestational-age neonates.

METHODSOne hundred placentas of small-for-gestational-age (SGA group) and 200 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA group) with single living birth in third trimester were investigated by gross and microscopic examination. The AGA placentas were collected from 2 cases following every SGA placenta. All cases were collected from Shanghai Changning District Maternity and Infant Health Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011.

RESULTSThe gestational week, neonatal birth weight, full-term neonatal birth weight, the preterm birth rate and vaginal spontaneous delivery rate were significantly lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.002). Full-term placental volume, placental weight and fetal placental weight ratio were lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.05). Unusual insertion and torsion of umbilical cord were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05). Syncytial knots increase, avascular villi and villous infarcts were significantly higher in SGA group (P < 0.005), but there were no significant difference between SGA group and AGA group in intervillous thrombi, chronic villitis and chorangiosis (P > 0.05). Gestational hypertension disease and abnormality of fetal monitoring were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSGestational hypertension disease is the main clinical cause of SGA. Some placental abnormality can affect the growth and development of intrauterine fetus.

Birth Weight ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Small for Gestational Age ; Placenta ; pathology ; Pregnancy ; Torsion, Mechanical ; Umbilical Cord ; pathology

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors of purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion in infants and young children. METHODS: The clinical data of the infants and young children who were diagnosed with purulent meningitis in PICU of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from January 2014 to December 2017 were analyzed retrospectively.All of them were divided into 2 groups according to whether there was complication of subdural effusion. The statistical data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS: There were significant differences in hemoglobin,C reactive protein and protein in cerebrospinal fluid between control group and subdural effusion group(P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that hemoglobin(OR=0.940,95%CI:0.899—0.998),C reactive protein(OR=1.015,95%CI:1.004—1.028)and protein in cerebrospinal fluid(OR=2.490,95%CI:1.151—6.315)were independent risk factors for purulent meningitis complicated with subdural effusion(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Infants and young children diagnosed with purulent meningitis are with lower hemoglobin. Higher C reactive protein and higher protein in cerebrospinal fluid are likely to be complicated with subdural effusion.