Objective To evaluate discuss the effect of percutaneous vertebraplasty in the treatment of compression fracture of vertebra in elderly patients with osteoporosis. Methods The clinical history of 13 elderly patients (5 male and 8 female), aged 61 to 78 years (nean 67 years), of spinal suffering from compression fracture of the vertebra, were retruspectively reviewed. Among them, 2 patients suffered compressed fracture of T11, 5 with fracture of T12, 3 with fracture of L1, 4 fracture of L2, and one suffered fracture of four vertebral bodies from T10 to L1. Percutaneous puncture were guided by C-arm X-ray or by computer navigation system, and a canal of 4.5 mm in diameter was created in the pedicle. A balloon was then introduced into the canal, and it was expanded. with radioopaque contrast medium under high pressure. The balloon was then removed after the height of the vertebral body was resumed as verified by X-ray. Bone cement in same volume and temperature was injected in the cavity which was newly formed. The treatment was completed with solidification of the bone cement. Results Low back pain disappeared in all 13 cases. Patients can be ambulatory in 6-8 hours postoperatively. The height of the vertebra body was basic recovered on postoperative X-ray, and kyphosis was rectified to a mean of 14 degrees (range10-28 degree). There was no relapse of low back pain or collapse of vertebral body after 1 to 12 months' follow up. Conclusion Percutaneous expansion of compressed vertebral body is a new kind of microsurgical, treatment for spinal compression fracture in elderly patients with osteoporosis, and it is simple and effective in relieving pain and recovering function.

Objective To analyze the activity of the vastus medialis (VM) and vastus lateralis (VL) muscles in the dynamic stabilization of the patella in patients with patellofemoral pain (PFPS) using standard surface electromyographic (sEMG) tests.Methods This comparative study involved 7 patients with PFPS (13 knees) and 10 healthy subjects (20 knees).They performed weight-bearing squat movements,and sEMG was employed to measure the mean amplitude and the time before peak (TBP) of their VM and VL muscles.Results There was no significant difference between the two groups in the ratio of the mean amplitudes of the VM and VL muscles.However,the ratio in both groups in squatting was significantly higher than when simply standing.In the PFPS group the average TBP delay of the VM relative to the TBP of the VL was significantly longer than in the control group during squat movements.Conclusions The delay in the TBP of the VM relative to the VL during squat movements could serve as a standardized test for assessing treatment effect in patients with local factor PFPS.

Objective To evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic repair of combined Bankart and superior labrum anterior to posterior (SLAP)lesions in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocations.Methods Between May 2011 and January 2015,we reviewed 15 cases with combined Bankart and SLAP lesions with recurrent shoulder dislocations who underwent arthroscopic repair.Their average age during surgery was 24.2 years (ranging from 16 to 38 years).During the operation,we began by repairing the unstable SLAP lesion with absorbable suture anchors before we repaired Bankart lesion from the inferior to superior.Fifteen patients in the control group had isolated Bankart lesions without SLAP lesions and underwent arthroscopic repair.Their mean age was 24.6 years (ranging from 18 to 35 years).The preoperative and postoperative results were analyzed by Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)for pain,the range of motion,American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeon (ASES)and Rowe Shoulder Scores Systems.We compared the results with the isolated Bankart lesion. Results For patients who underwent arthroscopic repair of combined Bankart and SLAP lesions,the mean postoperative follow-up period was 15 months (ranging from 13 to 28 months),vs 22 months (ranging from 21 to 34 months)in the control group.VAS for pain was decreased from preoperative 4.9 to postoperative 1.9 (P <0.05).Mean ASES and Rowe Shoulder Scores were improved from preoperative 56.4 and 33.7 to postoperative 91.8 and 94.1,respectively (P <0.05). Recurrent dislocation was not observed until the last follow-up and anterior instability in two groups was not noted during the physical examination.Compared with the isolated Bankart lesion group,no statistical significance was found in the ASES score,Rowe Shoulder Score,or VAS for pain (P >0.05 ).Anterior flexion,abduction,and internal rotation of the affected shoulder during the last follow-up were normal after surgery.Conclusion For recurrent dislocation of the shoulder with combined Bankart and SLAP lesion,arthroscopic repair using absorbable suture anchors can achieve favorable clinical results.It can effectively restore shoulder function.

Objective To study the effect of surface physical properties of different materials for the artificial joint pros -thesis interface on Mycobacterium tuberculosis adhesion .Methods The surface polishing coating , titanium coating and hydroxyapatite coating were chosen as the experimental materials to analyze the surface topography and measure the surface roughness, contact angle and surface energy .The M.tuberculosis strains were used by in vitro cultivation method and ob-served by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study the morphology of M.tuberculosis and the material surface adhe-sion.The influence of surface physical properties of the interface of the artificial joint prostheses on the proliferation and ad -hesion of bacteria was evaluatd .Results The titanium coating and hydroxyapatite coating materials were hydrophobic , while the surface polishing coating was hydrophilic .The contact angle and surface energy were significantly different ( P<0.05).In the process of bacterial culture of the three types of materials , there was no significant difference (P>0.05)in the OD value of bacterial solution .The titanium coating had the largest amount of interface adhesion for M.tuberculosis, fol-lowed by the hydroxyapatite coating and the polishing coating .The difference between various materials was statistically sig-nificant (P<0.05).Conclusion The adhesion of M.tuberculosis in the surface of artificial joint prosthesis materials is closely related to the surface physical properties .A adhesiveness improves with surface roughness .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effectiveness of posterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement in the treatment of dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis. MethodsFrom March 1996 to July 2000,posterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement procedures were used in 62 patients suffering from dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis in our department,48 of them were involved in a longitudinal study follow-up for a mean of 3.6(1.5-5.5)years postoperatively. ResultsAll patients showed successful posterolateral bone graft fusion. Among 38 cases of Pott's paraplegia, 30 were completely recovered,5 were partly recovered,the rate of recovery was 92.1%. The average immediate postoperative correction of kyphosis angle was 29.1°,the average loss of correction was only 3.2°at final follow-up.ConclusionsPosterolateral autograft bone graft fusion transpedicular screw system internal fixation and anterior debridement procedure were found helpful in strengthening the stability of the spine in dorsal and lumber spinal tuberculosis, providing successful interbody fusion and recovery of Pott's paraplegia, correcting the kyphosis, and preventing progression of kyphosis.

BACKGROUNDThe use of post-enucleation adjuvant therapy to decrease the extraocular relapse rate is frequently considered, but there is much controversy about the indications for adjuvant therapy. The aim of this retrospective study was to observe the treatment and prognosis for different degrees of invasion of eye tissue in retinoblastoma (RB) and identify the indications for post-enucleation adjuvant therapy.

METHODSWe recruited 537 children who had been diagnosed with unilateral RB and had received enucleation from January 2006 to December 2012 in our hospital, and divided them into three groups according to their number of histopathologic risk factors: 0 factor, 1 factor, or ≥2 factors. Histopathologic high-risk factors included invasion of the optic nerve posterior to the ethmoid plate (including optic nerve stumps) and extensive invasions of the choroid, sclera, anterior chamber, iris, and ciliary body. Treatment was delivered accordingly, and the prognosis of different degrees of histopathologic invasion was observed. The subjects were followed up for 6 months to 7 years (average follow-up time: 35 months). Statistical analysis was analyzed using χ(2) test. P < 0.05 was considered significant.

RESULTSOf the 537 RB patients who received enucleation, 25 died (overall survival: 95.3%). Of the 369 (68.7%) with no histopathologic risk factors, 1 died of recurrence, with a mortality rate of 0.3%, whereas of the 168 (31.3%) with histopathologic risk factors, 26 had recurrences and 24 died (mortality rate: 14.3%; P = 0.000). Of the 93 patients (17.3%), each of whom had a single risk factor, nine had recurrences, 16 died (8.6%). Of the 75 patients (14%) with two or more high-risk factors, 16 died (21.3%). These differences were statistically significant between the three (P = 0.000).

CONCLUSIONChemotherapy is recommended for patients with histopathologic risk factors, especially those with two or more histopathologic risk factors.

Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Prognosis ; Retinoblastoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Risk Factors