Recent advancements in various technologies have shed light on the critical role of metabolism in immune cells, paving the way for innovative disease treatment strategies through immunometabolism modulation. This review emphasizes the glucose metabolism of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), an emerging pivotal immunosuppressive factor especially within the tumor microenvironment. MDSCs, an immature and heterogeneous myeloid cell population, act as a double-edged sword by exacerbating tumors or mitigating inflammatory diseases through their immune-suppressive functions. Numerous recent studies have centered on glycolysis of MDSC, investigating the regulation of altered glycolytic pathways to manage diseases. However, the specific changes in MDSC glycolysis and their exact functions continue to be areas of ongoing discussion yet. In this paper, we review a range of current findings, including the latest research on the alteration of glycolysis in MDSCs, the consequential functional alterations in these cells, and the outcomes of attempts to modulate MDSC functions by regulating glycolysis. Ultimately, we will provide insights into whether these research efforts could be translated into clinical applications.

Iodinated contrast media (ICM) can cause not only immediate onset hypersensitivity but also delayed onset hypersensitivity. While the most common form of delayed onset hypersensitivity reaction to ICM is exanthematous eruption, fixed drug eruption (FDE) can occur rarely related to ICM. A 70-year-old male with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma repeatedly experienced erythematous patches on his right forearm and hand 6 hours after exposure to iopromide for computed tomography scan. ICM induced FDE was diagnosed clinically. Intradermal test with 6 kinds of ICM (iobitridol, iohexol, iomeprol, iopamidol, iopromide, and iodixanol) was performed and showed the weakest positive reaction to iohexol compared to the others in 48 hours. After changing iopromide to iohexol based on these results, FDE did not recur. We report here a case of iopromide induced FDE which was successfully prevented by changing ICM to iohexol based on intradermal test results.
Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; Contrast Media ; Drug Eruptions* ; Forearm ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Hypersensitivity, Delayed ; Intradermal Tests ; Iohexol ; Iopamidol ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Male

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Cervical cancer is the seventh most common malignancy in women. But, not many cases of cutaneous metastasis have been reported. We report a cases of a 45-year-old woman presenting with multiple erythematous nodules on the right flank. She had small cell cervical cancer with multi-organ metastasis, including the pancreas, lymph nodes, and lung. A skin biopsy revealed small cell cancer features throughout the dermis, and immunohistochemical tests were positive for chromogranin and synaptophysin. Based on these clinical and histopathological findings, we concluded that her condition was skin metastasis at the right flank from cervical cancer, which occurs very rarely.
Biopsy ; Dermis ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Skin ; Synaptophysin ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) or sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SMHL) is a benign histiocytic proliferative disorder of unknown etiology. The disease is usually accompanied by massive bilateral lymphadenopathy, fever, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukocytosis with neutrophilia, and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. Histopathologic examinations showed characteristically large histiocytes exhibiting emperipolesis. On immunohistochemical stains, histiocytes are positive for CD68 and S-100 protein, but negative for CD1a. The lymph node involvement is typical, but it may also involve other systemic organs in one third of the cases such as skin, upper respiratory tract, bones and so on. Patients with purely cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman diseases are of older age at onset of the disease with a reversed male/female ratio, thus, cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease is recognized as a distinct entity from the Rosai-Dorfman disease. Herein, we present a 50-year-old man with erythematous papules and indurated plaques on both cheeks, diagnosed as cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease. The lesions were treated with isotretinoin 10 mg bid for 9 months with pulsed dye laser.
Blood Sedimentation ; Cheek ; Coloring Agents ; Emperipolesis ; Fever ; Histiocytes ; Histiocytosis, Sinus ; Humans ; Hypergammaglobulinemia ; Isotretinoin ; Lasers, Dye ; Leukocytosis ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Respiratory System ; S100 Proteins ; Skin

In accordance with this Journal's policy, the entire article has been retracted at the request of the Editors.

In accordance with this Journal's policy, the entire article has been retracted at the request of the Editors.

Background: Proteomics and genomics studies have contributed to understanding the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but previous studies have limitations. Here, using a machine learning (ML) algorithm, we attempted to identify pathways in cultured bronchial epithelial cells of COPD patients that were significantly affected when the cells were exposed to a cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Methods: Small airway epithelial cells were collected from patients with COPD and those without COPD who underwent bronchoscopy. After expansion through primary cell culture, the cells were treated with or without CSEs, and the proteomics of the cells were analyzed by mass spectrometry. ML-based feature selection was used to determine the most distinctive patterns in the proteomes of COPD and non-COPD cells after exposure to smoke extract.Publicly available single-cell RNA sequencing data from patients with COPD (GSE136831) were used to analyze and validate our findings. Results: Five patients with COPD and five without COPD were enrolled, and 7,953 proteins were detected. Ferroptosis was enriched in both COPD and non-COPD epithelial cells after their exposure to smoke extract. However, the ML-based analysis identified ferroptosis as the most dramatically different response between COPD and non-COPD epithelial cells, adjusted P value = 4.172 × 10−6 , showing that epithelial cells from COPD patients are particularly vulnerable to the effects of smoke. Single-cell RNA sequencing data showed that in cells from COPD patients, ferroptosis is enriched in basal, goblet, and club cells in COPD but not in other cell types. Conclusion Our ML-based feature selection from proteomic data reveals ferroptosis to be the most distinctive feature of cultured COPD epithelial cells compared to non-COPD epithelial cells upon exposure to smoke extract.

Background and Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the voice of patients with vocal cord palsy using the Praat compared to Speech tool.Materials and Method The medical record of the patients with vocal cord palsy from 2013 to 2021 was analyzed retrospectively to validate Praat as a voice evaluation modality compared to the speech tool. Total 60 patients were enrolled in this study. Thirty control and 30 vocal cord palsy patients were selected to undergo recording of voice samples. The voice samples, /a/ and “Sancheck” were evaluated both groups and cepstral peak prominence was analyzed with both modalities; Praat and speech tool. Results: Statistically significant differences were observed between the control and vocal cord palsy groups in the speech tool and Praat. There was also a significant difference between pre- and post-treatment values in the vocal cord palsy group. A similar change in the voice value was observed using both methods. The Praat showed a lower value in 1st visit of patients with vocal cord palsy in the vowel test. The Praat vowel test may sensitively represent voice problems in patients with vocal cord palsy. This could contribute to decision-making regarding the treatment modality for vocal cord palsy. Conclusion Praat is open-access software that is freely available. It can be easily and sufficiently used for voice evaluation in patients with vocal cord palsy.