1.Aspirin for Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Ji Hye KIM ; Min Jung SHIM ; So Young LEE ; Jisu OH ; Sang Hoon KIM
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis 2019;8(2):162-172
Aspirin has been used for decades for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The effect of aspirin in secondary prevention is well-known but is still debatable for primary prevention. Despite the controversy, aspirin is believed to have a beneficial effect in primary prevention and has been widely used. However, whether the doubts concerning the wide use of aspirin are correct has resulted in the publication of data from several large clinical trials recently. There are several clinical guidelines from various international organizations on the use of aspirin for the primary prevention of CVD, and they offer some conflicting recommendations. A reduction in the overall incidence of CVD with the development of modern prevention therapies has weakened the impact of aspirin in primary prevention. Large randomized clinical trials have found decreased or no difference in CVD events but a significant increase in the risk of bleeding. Taking aspirin for the primary prevention of CVD is no longer recommended, especially for patients who have a low to moderate risk. An assessment of the balance between the benefits and risks of aspirin use should be considered.
Aspirin
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Cardiovascular Diseases
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Hemorrhage
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Humans
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Incidence
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Primary Prevention
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Publications
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Risk Assessment
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Secondary Prevention
2.Neurocognitive Effects of Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of 11 Studies
Soo Young HWANG ; Kwanghyun KIM ; Byeonggwan HA ; Dongkyu LEE ; Seonung KIM ; Seongjun RYU ; Jisu YANG ; Sun Jae JUNG
Cancer Research and Treatment 2021;53(4):1134-1147
Purpose:
Chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a controversial concept not much explored on colorectal cancer patients.
Materials and Methods:
We identified 11 prospective studies: eight studies on 696 colorectal cancer patients who received chemotherapy and three studies on 346 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) of neuropsychological test results and the cognitive quality-of-life scale were calculated using random effect models. A meta-regression was conducted to investigate the association between mean study population age and effect sizes.
Results:
The association between chemotherapy and cognitive impairment was not clear in colorectal cancer patients (SMD, 0.003; 95% confidence interval, ‒0.080 to 0.086). However, a meta-regression showed that older patients are more vulnerable to CRCI than younger patients (β=‒0.016, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Chemotherapy has an overall positive negligible effect size on the cognitive function of colorectal patients. Age is a significant moderator of CRCI.
3.Seizure Occurring 4 Days after Discontinuation of Long-term High-dose Zolpidem
Kyung Ho KANG ; Myeong-Kyu KIM ; Jong hwa HONG ; Jisu JUNG ; Kyung Wook KANG
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2023;41(3):225-228
Zolpidem is widely used for insomnia and is known to have relatively few side effects. There have been several reports of side effects, but only a few for withdrawal symptoms. A 41-year-old woman developed convulsions 4 days after discontinuing zolpidem. She was taking more than 10 times the standard dosage. After electroencephalography monitoring without antiseizure medications, she showed no more seizures. This case highlights the danger of zolpidem withdrawal and warns about the easy accessibility of zolpidem for individuals.
4.Anti-inflammatory effects of rutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated canine macrophage cells
Hyunsoo JANG ; Su-Cheol HAN ; Jisu LEE ; Ha-Young SHIN ; Jeong Ho HWANG ; Jung-Heun HA
Nutrition Research and Practice 2025;19(1):143-153
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Inflammatory responses are key pathological factors in various canine diseases, making the control of inflammatory responses vital for canine health.This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of rutin on DH82 cells, a type of canine macrophage, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses.MATERIALS/METHODS: The inflammatory in vitro experimental model was established by stimulating canine macrophage DH82 cells with LPS. To evaluate the inflammationpreventative effects of rutin, analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:
Rutin inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the protein and gene levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), while antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1) levels remained unchanged.Furthermore, rutin suppressed the LPS-induced activation of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in DH82 cells.
CONCLUSION
Rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in DH82 cells.
5.Anti-inflammatory effects of rutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated canine macrophage cells
Hyunsoo JANG ; Su-Cheol HAN ; Jisu LEE ; Ha-Young SHIN ; Jeong Ho HWANG ; Jung-Heun HA
Nutrition Research and Practice 2025;19(1):143-153
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Inflammatory responses are key pathological factors in various canine diseases, making the control of inflammatory responses vital for canine health.This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of rutin on DH82 cells, a type of canine macrophage, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses.MATERIALS/METHODS: The inflammatory in vitro experimental model was established by stimulating canine macrophage DH82 cells with LPS. To evaluate the inflammationpreventative effects of rutin, analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:
Rutin inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the protein and gene levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), while antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1) levels remained unchanged.Furthermore, rutin suppressed the LPS-induced activation of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in DH82 cells.
CONCLUSION
Rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in DH82 cells.
6.Anti-inflammatory effects of rutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated canine macrophage cells
Hyunsoo JANG ; Su-Cheol HAN ; Jisu LEE ; Ha-Young SHIN ; Jeong Ho HWANG ; Jung-Heun HA
Nutrition Research and Practice 2025;19(1):143-153
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Inflammatory responses are key pathological factors in various canine diseases, making the control of inflammatory responses vital for canine health.This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of rutin on DH82 cells, a type of canine macrophage, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses.MATERIALS/METHODS: The inflammatory in vitro experimental model was established by stimulating canine macrophage DH82 cells with LPS. To evaluate the inflammationpreventative effects of rutin, analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:
Rutin inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the protein and gene levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), while antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1) levels remained unchanged.Furthermore, rutin suppressed the LPS-induced activation of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in DH82 cells.
CONCLUSION
Rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in DH82 cells.
7.Anti-inflammatory effects of rutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated canine macrophage cells
Hyunsoo JANG ; Su-Cheol HAN ; Jisu LEE ; Ha-Young SHIN ; Jeong Ho HWANG ; Jung-Heun HA
Nutrition Research and Practice 2025;19(1):143-153
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Inflammatory responses are key pathological factors in various canine diseases, making the control of inflammatory responses vital for canine health.This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of rutin on DH82 cells, a type of canine macrophage, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses.MATERIALS/METHODS: The inflammatory in vitro experimental model was established by stimulating canine macrophage DH82 cells with LPS. To evaluate the inflammationpreventative effects of rutin, analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:
Rutin inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the protein and gene levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), while antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1) levels remained unchanged.Furthermore, rutin suppressed the LPS-induced activation of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in DH82 cells.
CONCLUSION
Rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in DH82 cells.
8.Anti-inflammatory effects of rutin in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated canine macrophage cells
Hyunsoo JANG ; Su-Cheol HAN ; Jisu LEE ; Ha-Young SHIN ; Jeong Ho HWANG ; Jung-Heun HA
Nutrition Research and Practice 2025;19(1):143-153
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES:
Inflammatory responses are key pathological factors in various canine diseases, making the control of inflammatory responses vital for canine health.This study examined the anti-inflammatory effects of rutin on DH82 cells, a type of canine macrophage, against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory responses.MATERIALS/METHODS: The inflammatory in vitro experimental model was established by stimulating canine macrophage DH82 cells with LPS. To evaluate the inflammationpreventative effects of rutin, analyses were conducted using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, western blot, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
RESULTS:
Rutin inhibited the LPS-induced increase in the protein and gene levels of proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α), while antiinflammatory cytokines (IL-10, transforming growth factor-β1) levels remained unchanged.Furthermore, rutin suppressed the LPS-induced activation of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase, Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B, and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) in DH82 cells.
CONCLUSION
Rutin exerts anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the mitogen-activated protein kinase-NF-κB signaling pathway and reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in DH82 cells.
9.Survey of Gymnophalloides seoi Metacercariae in Natural and Cultured Oysters from Several Western Coastal Areas, Korea
Taehee CHANG ; Bong Kwang JUNG ; Hyemi SONG ; Jaeeun CHO ; Sooji HONG ; Keon Hoon LEE ; Eui Hyug HOANG ; Jisu KANG ; Jini LIM ; Hana LEE ; Jong Yil CHAI
The Korean Journal of Parasitology 2019;57(6):705-708
Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) is a human intestinal trematode contracted by eating raw oysters (Crassostrea gigas) in the Republic of Korea (=Korea). It has been known to be highly endemic in Aphae Island, Shinan-gun, Jeollanam-do (Province). However, recent epidemiological status of G. seoi has not been reported since the 1990s. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of G. seoi metacercariae in natural and cultured oysters collected from 3 islands and 2 coastal areas in western parts of Korea. The oysters were examined using the artificial digestion method followed by stereomicroscopy. The overall positive rate of G. seoi metacercariae in natural oysters was 66.0% (99/150), and the oysters collected from Yubu Island showed the highest infection rate (74.0%). However, the metacercarial density per oyster was relatively low (1.5–2.4 per oyster). By contrast, no metacercaria was found in cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas in Chungcheongnam-do. Thus, we could confirm that natural oysters produced from 3 western coastal islands are infected with G. seoi metacercariae, whereas cultured oysters purchased from 2 coastal areas were free from infection.
Chungcheongnam-do
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Digestion
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Eating
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Humans
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Islands
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Jeollanam-do
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Korea
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Metacercariae
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Methods
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Ostreidae
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Prevalence
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Republic of Korea
10.Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Successfully Treated with Eculizumab
Jung Hyun KIM ; Won Kyung HAN ; Yu Bum CHOI ; Hyung Jong KIM ; Jisu OH ; Doyeun OH ; So Young CHONG
Korean Journal of Medicine 2020;95(2):124-128
Atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare syndrome characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renal injury, which results from uncontrolled complement activation. Delayed diagnosis and treatment of aHUS may result in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and an associated dependence on dialysis. In extreme cases, it may cause death due to multi-organ failure. Eculizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody against C5, inhibits the formation of the terminal membrane attack complex and is used to treat aHUS. Here, we report a 46-year-old male patient who suffered from aHUS relapse, despite prior treatment with repeated plasma exchange and hemodialysis. Eculizumab therapy improved his hematologic findings without use of hemodialysis.