No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell*

BACKGROUND: In patients with leprosy, paralysis of the facial nerve results in the lower eyelid ectropion and lagophthalmos as a sequela even when the leprosy is cured. Paralytic ectropion causes many functional and cosmetic eye problems, leading to blindness if left untreated. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate the efficacy of surgical correction of paralytic ectropion, the lateral tarsal strip, in patients with leprosy. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2015, 40 Korean patients (44 eyelids) with paralytic ectropion who had visited Korean Hansen Welfare Association Hospital were treated with the lateral tarsal strip. Four-point patients' global assessment scale, local complications, and recurrence were assessed at the end of follow-up period. The average follow-up period was 12 months. RESULTS: In the 44 eyelids, recurrence was observed in 5 cases (5/44, 11.4%). There were no serious postoperative complications except mild size discrepancy of both eyes. Most patients were satisfied with the results and mean satisfaction scale was 2.6/3. CONCLUSION: The lateral tarsal strip is a simple, safe, and effective treatment method for the dermatologic surgeon to correct paralytic ectropion of mild to moderate degree in patients with leprosy.
Blindness ; Ectropion* ; Eyelids ; Facial Nerve ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Leprosy* ; Methods ; Paralysis ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies

Nivolumab is a fully-humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody that competitively binds to the programmed cell death receptor-1 protein (an immune check-point molecule) present on activated T cells. Nivolumab is approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma, lung cancer, and renal cell carcinoma. It attenuates the inactivation of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and, produces an antitumor effect; however it may be associated with immune-related adverse events, including the development of lichen planus (LP). A 72-year-old man presented with a 2-month history of multiple, polygonal, purplish papules on the dorsal aspect of both hands. He was diagnosed with large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung 4 years earlier and was treated with nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks) for 9 months. By the 14th course of nivolumab therapy, the patient developed multiple rashes on the dorsal aspect of both hands, and biopsy was consistent with findings of LP. We report a rare case of LP in a patient with lung cancer treated with nivolumab.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine ; Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; Cell Death ; Exanthema ; Hand ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Lichen Planus ; Lichens ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung ; Melanoma ; T-Lymphocytes

Kaposi's sarcoma is a multifocal proliferative vascular tumor involving the skin and other organ and psoriasis is a chronic cutaneous disease with papules and plaques with white scale. Development of Kaposi's sarcoma in psoriasis patients has been reported rarely. A 71-year-old man presented with multiple brownish to violaceous plaques on both feet and arms which were found 4 months ago. The biopsy confirmed Kaposi's sarcoma. The patient was diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris 10 years ago and Kaposi's sarcoma lesions developed between psoriatic plaques. We herein report a rare case of simultaneous occurrence of Kaposi's sarcoma and psoriasis vulgaris which need quite different treatment.
Aged ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Foot ; Humans ; Psoriasis ; Sarcoma, Kaposi* ; Skin

Segmental neurofibromatosis is a rare form of neurofibromatosis that is characterized by neurofibromas and/or café au lait macules, limited to one region of the body. The neurofibromas of segmental neurofibromatosis are most commonly occupied by either a cervical or a thoracic dermatome. Segmental neurofibromatosis on the face is extremely rare, and only 10 cases have been described so far. Herein, we report a case of segmental neurofibromatosis on the V1 dermatome for its rarity and unusual location.
Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Trigeminal Nerve

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Basal Cell* ; Forehead* ; Humans ; Leprosy*

Multiple myeloma (MM) can be defined as a malignancy with monoclonal plasma cell proliferation. A 66-year-old man presented with pruritic erythematous to purplish plaque grouped nodule with black pigmentations and purpura on the right forearm. The patient was diagnosed with MM about five years prior to the visit at our hospital. Erythematous plaque on his right arm grew rapidly in size over one month and appeared about seven months after the fracture surgery. Skin biopsy showed multiple plasma cell infiltration with monoclonality for lambda light chain, which was consistent with cutaneous plasmacytoma. The patient refused to be treated and died two months later. We herein report an interesting case of cutaneous plasmacytoma at the surgical site of fracture repair.
Aged ; Arm ; Biopsy ; Forearm ; Humans ; Multiple Myeloma* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Pigmentation ; Plasma Cells ; Plasmacytoma* ; Purpura ; Skin

No abstract available.
Blue Toe Syndrome* ; Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation*

No abstract available.
Occupational Diseases

Background: We aimed to investigate changes in the clinical characteristics of pediatric poisoning patients who visited the emergency department (ED) before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Poisoning cases below age 18 who visited the ED from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analysed. The study period was then divided into pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 pandemic to compare poisoning patterns. Results: During the study period, 86,153 visits to the pediatric ED had been recorded, with 625 patients being included the final analysis. During the COVID-19 period, the proportion of poisoned patients increased from 0.62% to 0.98%. The average age of the patients was higher in the COVID-19 period, with 53.4% of the cases being intentional (pre-COVID-19, 32.5%; P < 0.001). Moreover, 70.4% of poisoning cases during the COVID-19 period were caused by drugs (pre-COVID-19, 60.6%; P = 0.038). More patients underwent decontamination and laboratory investigation during the COVID-19 period than during the previous period (P= 0.007 and P < 0.001, respectively). The length of ED stay and the proportion of hospitalisation were significantly greater during the COVID-19 period. After analysing accidental poisoning cases, we found that antipyreticsonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and respiratory drugs were more common in the pre-COVID-19 group, whereas iron/vitamins, cardiovascular drugs and hormones were more common in the COVID-19 group. After analysing intentional poisoning cases, we found that 73.6% and 76.4% of the patients in the pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19 group had a history of psychiatric disease, respectively. Although no difference was observed in the frequency of previous first suicide attempts, 19.0% of the patients in the COVID-19 group attempted suicide more than three times. Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, intentional poisoning cases, especially in adolescence, increased and were treated more. Many of the patients with intentional poisoning had a history of mental illness or suicide in the past. Therefore, it seems that policy consideration for mentally vulnerable adolescents during this new pandemic period is necessary.