Objective To study the expression of estrogen receptor beta (ER ?) in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of maternal mice during pregnancy and lactation. Methods Nickel ammonium sulfate intensified immunocytochemical method was employed to investigate the expression of ER ? in the postnatal developing PVN of female mice. Results ER ? immunopositive materials were predominantly localized in the magnocellular division of PVN, and sparse positive cells were found in the parvocellular division. Most of the positive materials were found in the whole cell nuclei, but no obvious cytoplasma or process immunopositive cells were detected. In the pregnant female brain, generally, the ER ? level was lower. The lowest levels of expression were found at mid pregnancy, and then peaked at peripartum (from gestational days 18 to postpartum day 1), followed by another decrease to normal adult level from postpartum day 4. Conclusion The above results suggest that during pregnancy and lactation, ER ? may be predominantly involved in the PVN regulation of parturitional process.

Objective To study the oxidative stress in diabetic rat pancreas,and the changes of islet function after intervention of Fosinopril.Methods Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,diabetes group and Fosinopril treated group.The diabetes was induced by feeding the rats from diabetes group and Fosinopril group with high fat diet for 3 weeks and then once intraperitoneal injection of STZ(35 mg/kg),while additionally Fosinopril(5 mg/kg) was given to the diabetic rats in Fosinopril treated group.Blood glucose,body weight,nitrotyrosine levels in pancreatic tissues were detected and the histopathologic changes of pancreatic tissues were observed.Results Nitrotyrosine content was significantly higher in diabetes group than that in control group(P

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of lamivudine in the patients of hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis (HBV-GN) treated by prednisolone with leflunomide. Methods 41 HBV-GN patients treated by prednisolone and leflunomide were enrolled in this study. According to the presence of the indications of antiviral treatment, the patients were divided into the prevention group and the treatment group received lamivudine treatment, and another 15 patients with chronic hepatitis B were treated with lamivudine as the control group. The biochemical, virological and serological responses during the process of the treatment and the serum levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 were determined. Results No significant differences of biochemical, virological and serological responses in the prevention and treatment groups compared with the control group at 48 weeks after treatment. Levels of the IFN-γ and IFN-γ / IL-4 decreased significantly in the prevention group and treatment groups compared with the control group (P < 0.05, respectively). No serious adverse reactions occurred in all patients. Conclusion The antiviral treatment of lamivudine lead to good curative effect and security in HBV-GN patients received hormones combined with leflunomide treatments, but leflunomide with prednisolone inhibited the production of IFN-γ and removal of hepatitis B virus.

Objective To investigate the distributions of vitamin K1 and K2 in infants of different age groups by comparing the serum levels of vitamin K1 and K2 in them.Methods 1177 infants from 0 to 3 months were divided into 6 age groups.Those born/treated in the subject units(pediatrics,neonatology,child health care,obstetrics)were selected as the study subjects and grouped by age:0～3 days(591 cases),4～7 days(255 cases),8～5 days(104 cases),1 month(118 cases),2 months(40 cases),and 3 months(69 cases).General data of the infants were collected,and the serum vitamin K1 and K2 levels were determined by HPLC-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)on a unified platform,and analyzed from the distribution of vitamin K1 and K2 at different ages.Results The distributions of vitamin K1 and K2 levels were statistically significant(P<0.001);newborns were highly vulnerable to vitamin K1 deficiency,and vitamin K2 deficiency was higher than vitamin K1 with age.Conclusion Maintaining the normal growth of vitamin K1 and K2 is crucial for the normal growth and development of infants of all ages,so we should pay close attention to the monitoring and supplement of vitamin K1 and K2.

Objective Septal reduction therapies were recommended for drug-refractory patients with hypertrophic ob-structive cardiomyopathy(HOCM).To explore and compare the effectiveness and safety in patients with hypertrophic obstruc-tive cardiomyopathy(HOCM) treated with surgery myectomy(SM) and alcohol septal ablation(SA).Methods The clinical data of 260 patients performed SA(n=184) or SM(n=76)between September 2002 and September 2014 in our institute were retrospectively reviewed.The t-test, rank sum test and chi-square test were used to compare the differences between the two groups, and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate survival analysis.All-cause mortality, cardiac cause death(peri-operative death were included ) , heart function improvement , procedure-related complications and permanent pacemaker de-pendence( PPM) constituted the main contents of this study .Results Compared with patients treated with SM , patients un-dergone SA were poor heart function status(2.97 ±0.29 vs 2.50 ±0.56, P =0.01), more prevalence of atrial fibrillation( 15.14％ vs 6.80％, P=0.046) and longer follow-up period[(5.4 ±3.8) years vs(2.5 ±2.2) years, P =0.01)].All-cause mortality for SA and SM were 3.3％ and 14.5％ respectively(P=0.001).The fatal cardiac events of SA and SM were 1.63％ and 13.16％ respectively(P<0.001).Sudden cardiac arrest were the main cardiac cause death for both patients trea-ted with SA and SM.The cardiac death of left ventricular systolic dysfunction was main found in patients treated with SM . Heart function improvement(NYHA) after SA and SM were 1.23 ±0.61 and 0.88 ±0.64 respectively(all P <0.01).And SA had a lower procedure-related PPM implantation(1.63％ vs 4.20％, P<0.05).Conclusion Our results shown that SA have survival advantage, lower PPM and similar heart function improvement compared with SM for refractory patients with HOCM.

Objective:To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infected with Delta variant, so as to provide further references for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:A real-world study was conducted to analyze the characteristics of 166 COVID-19 patients infected with Delta variant at Guangzhou Eighth People’s Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University.Results:The study enrolled 5 asymptomatic cases, 123 non-severe cases (mild and moderate type), and 38 severe cases (severe and critical type). Among these patients, 69 (41.6%) were male and 97 (58.4%) were female, with a mean age of 47.0±23.5 years. Thirty-nine cases (23.5%) had received 1 or 2 doses of inactivated vaccine. The incidence of severe COVID-19 cases was 7.7% in 2-doses vaccinated patients, which was lower than that of 11.5% in 1-dose and 26.8% in unvaccinated patients. The proportion of severe cases in 2 dose-vaccinated patients was 7.7%, which was lower than that of 11.5% in 1-dose vaccinated patients and 26.8% in unvaccinated patients, but the difference was not significant ( P>0.05). The most common clinical symptom was fever (134 cases, 83.2%), and 39.1% of cases presented with high-grade fever (≥39 °C); other symptoms were cough, sputum, fatigue, and xerostomia. The proportion of fever in severe cases was significantly higher than that of non-severe cases (97.4% vs. 76.4%, P<0.01). Similarly, the proportion of severe cases with high peak temperature (≥39 ℃) () was also higher than that of non-severe cases (65.8% vs. 30.9%, P<0.01). The median minimal Cycle threshold (Ct) values of viral nucleic acid N gene and ORFlab gene were 20.3 and 21.5, respectively, and the minimum Ct values were 11.9 and 13.5, respectively. Within 48 h of admission, 9.0% of cases presented with decreased white blood cell counts, and 52.4% with decreased lymphocyte counts. The proportions of increased C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, interleukin 6, and interleukin 10 were 32.5%, 57.4%, 65.3%, and 35.7%, respectively. The proportions of elevated C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and interleukin-6 in severe cases were significantly higher than those in non-severe cases ( P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that older age and higher peak temperature were associated with a higher likelihood of severe cases ( OR>3, 95% CI: 2-7, P<0.01). In terms of treatment, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) was used in 97.6% of non-severe cases and 100% in severe cases. Other treatments included respiratory and nutritional support, immunotherapy (such as neutralizing antibodies and plasma of recovered patients). The median times from admission to progression to severe cases, of fever clearance, and of nucleic acid conversion were 5 days, 6 days and 19 days, respectively. No deaths were reported within 28 days. Conclusions:The symptoms of Delta variant infection in Guangzhou are characterized by a high proportion of fever, high peak temperature, long duration of fever, high viral load, a long time to nucleic acid conversion, and a high incidence of severe cases. The severe cases exhibit a higher percentage of elderly patients, a longer duration of fever and have a higher fever rate and a higher hyperthermia rate than non-severe cases. Age and hyperthermia are independent risk factors for progression to severe disease. The combination of TCM and Western medicine can control the progression of the disease effectively.